为了提高震后城市避难资源供需匹配效率,根据应急避难灾民的需求特征,分析了避难人员分层疏散和不同类型避难所规划布局,提出了基于模糊集理论、多属性妥协解决策(VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje,VIKOR)方法和...为了提高震后城市避难资源供需匹配效率,根据应急避难灾民的需求特征,分析了避难人员分层疏散和不同类型避难所规划布局,提出了基于模糊集理论、多属性妥协解决策(VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje,VIKOR)方法和双目标机会约束模型的混合决策方法。根据定性因素评价结果优化开放避难所的适宜性,并最小化避难所开放数量。通过加权ε-约束、中心极限定理和分段线性函数逼近得到近似单目标混合整数线性规划模型,借助实例验证模型的有效性。对比确定性和机会约束性模型得到的优化结果,为考虑避难所选址问题中的需求多样性和不确定性提供依据。结果表明,该方法不仅可以从多个决策者的专业知识中受益,还能更好地对冲震后需求的不确定性,确保在时间、空间有限的情况下,避难救援行动有序和高效开展。展开更多
当城市发生重大事故灾害与突发事件时,有效地对人群进行疏散,使之撤离到相对安全的避难场所,是应急救援行动的核心技术问题,是解决城市公共安全问题必须首先面对的重大课题。充分考虑选址问题中的"公平"和"效率"原...当城市发生重大事故灾害与突发事件时,有效地对人群进行疏散,使之撤离到相对安全的避难场所,是应急救援行动的核心技术问题,是解决城市公共安全问题必须首先面对的重大课题。充分考虑选址问题中的"公平"和"效率"原则,提出了城市避难场所选址的多目标规划模型,并利用建模优化软件LINGO(Linear Interactive and GeneralOptimizer)进行了求解,从而得出避难场所的最佳选址位置。最后,以天津市地震避难场所的选址为例,说明了多目标规划在城市避难场所选址中的应用过程。结果表明,这种方法可以满足选址规划需求,具有一定的现实意义。展开更多
Focusing on the failure under the condition of target blocking, the similarity between target color and background color for the Camshift algorithm, an improved algorithm based on Camshift algorithm is proposed. Gauss...Focusing on the failure under the condition of target blocking, the similarity between target color and background color for the Camshift algorithm, an improved algorithm based on Camshift algorithm is proposed. Gaussian mixture model is used to determine the tracking area fast and accurately because it is not sensitive to the external conditions such as light and shadow. Kalman predictor is used to predict the blocked target effectively. The video is processed in the MATLAB environment. The moving target can be tracked and its position can be predicted accurately with the proposed improved algorithm. The results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm.展开更多
文摘为了提高震后城市避难资源供需匹配效率,根据应急避难灾民的需求特征,分析了避难人员分层疏散和不同类型避难所规划布局,提出了基于模糊集理论、多属性妥协解决策(VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje,VIKOR)方法和双目标机会约束模型的混合决策方法。根据定性因素评价结果优化开放避难所的适宜性,并最小化避难所开放数量。通过加权ε-约束、中心极限定理和分段线性函数逼近得到近似单目标混合整数线性规划模型,借助实例验证模型的有效性。对比确定性和机会约束性模型得到的优化结果,为考虑避难所选址问题中的需求多样性和不确定性提供依据。结果表明,该方法不仅可以从多个决策者的专业知识中受益,还能更好地对冲震后需求的不确定性,确保在时间、空间有限的情况下,避难救援行动有序和高效开展。
文摘当城市发生重大事故灾害与突发事件时,有效地对人群进行疏散,使之撤离到相对安全的避难场所,是应急救援行动的核心技术问题,是解决城市公共安全问题必须首先面对的重大课题。充分考虑选址问题中的"公平"和"效率"原则,提出了城市避难场所选址的多目标规划模型,并利用建模优化软件LINGO(Linear Interactive and GeneralOptimizer)进行了求解,从而得出避难场所的最佳选址位置。最后,以天津市地震避难场所的选址为例,说明了多目标规划在城市避难场所选址中的应用过程。结果表明,这种方法可以满足选址规划需求,具有一定的现实意义。
文摘Focusing on the failure under the condition of target blocking, the similarity between target color and background color for the Camshift algorithm, an improved algorithm based on Camshift algorithm is proposed. Gaussian mixture model is used to determine the tracking area fast and accurately because it is not sensitive to the external conditions such as light and shadow. Kalman predictor is used to predict the blocked target effectively. The video is processed in the MATLAB environment. The moving target can be tracked and its position can be predicted accurately with the proposed improved algorithm. The results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm.