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A review of obstacles and facilitating factors of implementing Clinical Ladder Programs in nursing
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作者 Si-Qi Xiong J ie Li +2 位作者 Si Li Li-Ping Chen Yuan-Ting Yan 《Nursing Communications》 2022年第1期7-10,共4页
Clinical Ladder Programs is to develop different training programs according to different levels of nurses’management.The purpose is to improve nurses’sense of professional identity,professional and technical capabi... Clinical Ladder Programs is to develop different training programs according to different levels of nurses’management.The purpose is to improve nurses’sense of professional identity,professional and technical capabilities,and determine salary levels,so as to fully mobilize nurses’enthusiasm.This article reviews the current status of the application of Clinical Ladder Programs in clinical nursing around the world,and understands the obstacles and facilitating factors that affect the implementation of Clinical Ladder Programs,in order to provide a reference for establishing a perfect hierarchical nurse training model in China. 展开更多
关键词 Clinical Ladder Programs Nursing management Obstructive factors Facilitating factors
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Risk factors for pulmonary embolism in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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作者 李有霞 《China Medical Abstracts(Internal Medicine)》 2016年第3期154-155,共2页
Objective To study the risk factors for acute pulmonary embolism(PE)in patients with acute exacerbationof chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD).Methods From November 2009 to May 2014,522 patients[aged 42-93 ye... Objective To study the risk factors for acute pulmonary embolism(PE)in patients with acute exacerbationof chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD).Methods From November 2009 to May 2014,522 patients[aged 42-93 years,mean(72±9)]with AECOPD received CT pulmonary angiography(CTPA)in 展开更多
关键词 AECOPD PE CTPA Risk factors for pulmonary embolism in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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Factors influencing glucose metabolism in young obese subjects with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome
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作者 顾晨鹃 《China Medical Abstracts(Internal Medicine)》 2016年第3期151-152,共2页
Objective To explore the factors influencing glucose metabolism in young obese subjects with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Methods A total of 106 young obese subjects[18-44 years old,body mass index... Objective To explore the factors influencing glucose metabolism in young obese subjects with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Methods A total of 106 young obese subjects[18-44 years old,body mass index(BMI)≥30 kg/m^2]were enrolled and divided into two groups based on full-night polysomnography(PSG),OSAHS group[apnea hypopnea index(AHI) 展开更多
关键词 OSAHS factors influencing glucose metabolism in young obese subjects with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome AHI
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Synergistic Anti-inflammatory Effect of Radix Platycodon in Combination with Herbs for Cleaning-heat and Detoxification and Its Mechanism 被引量:4
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作者 李宇航 郑丰杰 +2 位作者 黄颖 钟相根 郭明章 《Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine》 SCIE CAS 2013年第1期29-35,共7页
Objective: To investigate the synergistic anti-inflammatory effect of Radix Platycodon in combination with herbs for cleaning-heat and detoxification and its mechanism for Fei (肺)-targeting. Methods: Forty Wistar... Objective: To investigate the synergistic anti-inflammatory effect of Radix Platycodon in combination with herbs for cleaning-heat and detoxification and its mechanism for Fei (肺)-targeting. Methods: Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (8 per group): the sham-operated group, model group, Radix P/atycodon group, Flos Lonicera and Fructus Forsythia (LF) group, and Radix Platycodon, Flos Lonicera and Fructus Forsythia combination (PLF) group, using a random number table. A rat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) model was established by passive smoking and intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The treatments started from the 15th day of passive smoking for a total duration of 14 days. At the end of the treatment, changes in the following measurements were determined: lung histopathology, inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor α (TNF- α), transforming growth factor 13 (TGF- 13 ) and interleukin IL-1 13 (IL-1 13 ) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and mRNA expression of endogenous active substance intestinal trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) in the lung tissue. Results: Light microscopy showed that compared with the sham-operated group, rats in the COPD model group had disrupted alveolar structure, collapsed local alveoli, significantly widened or even fused alveolar septa, and massive infiltration of inflammatory cells in the alveolar wall and interstitium. In addition, significant bronchial epithelium hyperplasia, partially shed epithelia, and marked inflammatory cell infiltration in the bronchial wall and its surrounding tissues were noticed. Electron microscopy showed that rats in the model group had degeneration of alveolar type Ⅱ epithelial cell; reduction, breakage or even loss of cell surface microvilli; swollen mitochondria with disappearing cristae and vacuole-like structure; and, increased secondary lysosomes in alveolar macrophages. The TNF- α, TGF- β and IL-β levels and white blood cell (WBC) count in BALF were significantly increased (P〈0.01 or P〈0.05) and TFF3 mRNA expression in the lung tissue was significantly reduced (P〈0.01). After treatment, the pathological morphology of lung injury was less severe in all three treatment groups. In addition, TGF- 13 and IL-1 13 and WBC count in BALF were decreased (P〈0.01 or P〈0.05), and TFF3 mRNA expression in the lung tissue was significantly increased in the PLF group (P〈0.01). Compared with the LF group, the IL-1 13 in BALF was significantly decreased (P〈0.05), and TFF3 mRNA expression was significantly increased (P〈0.05) in the PLF group. Conclusions: Radix Platycodon synergizes with herbs for cleaning-heat and detoxification in reducing inflammatory injury in a rat model of COPD. The synergistic anti-inflammatory effect is reflected in the improvement in pathological changes and in the reduction of IL-1 β levels in BALF. The mechanism of such synergistic action may be related to its effect on maintaining the TFF3 mRNA expression and Fei-targeting function. 展开更多
关键词 Radix Platycodon cleaning-heat and detoxification chronic obstructive pulmonary disease intestinal trefoil factor 3 Fei-targeting
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