In today’s society, with the continuous growth of energy demand, Bohai Oilfield, as an important offshore oil resource base in China, is facing increasingly severe challenges while contributing to national energy sec...In today’s society, with the continuous growth of energy demand, Bohai Oilfield, as an important offshore oil resource base in China, is facing increasingly severe challenges while contributing to national energy security. In order to improve the quality of water injection in the oilfield and gradually achieve efficient and stable production, Bohai Oilfield has launched a water injection well pressure optimization project, focusing on improving the efficiency and quality of water injection in the water injection wells, in order to achieve the optimal water injection plan. In practical work, P Oilfield continues to promote the development of water injection well pressure optimization projects, emphasizing practical exploration and continuous optimization of work plans. However, during the project implementation process, there were some problems, one of which was that the statistics of cumulative injection volume were not scientific enough, resulting in a more comprehensive and accurate presentation of the actual results of pressure optimization work. In the context of continuous improvement work, after careful analysis and research, P Oilfield has decided to optimize the cumulative injection rate algorithm to guide the oilfield’s water injection work in a more refined way, ensuring sufficient and good water injection, and enhancing the oilfield’s production efficiency and comprehensive competitiveness.展开更多
The biological aerated filter(BAF)was used to treat the oil-field produced water.The removal effi- ciency for oil,COD,BOD and suspended solids(SS)was 76.3%—80.3%,31.6%—57.9%,86.3%—96.3%and 76.4%—82.7%,respectively...The biological aerated filter(BAF)was used to treat the oil-field produced water.The removal effi- ciency for oil,COD,BOD and suspended solids(SS)was 76.3%—80.3%,31.6%—57.9%,86.3%—96.3%and 76.4%—82.7%,respectively when the hydraulic loading rates varied from 0.6m.h- 1to 1.4m.h -1.The greatest part of removal,for example more than 80%of COD removal,occurred on the top 100cm of the media in BAF.The ki- netic performance of BAF indicated that the relationship of BOD removal efficiency with the hydraulic loading rates in biological aerated filters could be described by cr/ci=1-exp(-2.44/L 0.59).This equation could be used to predict the BOD removal efficiency at different hydraulic loading rates.展开更多
Seventy-nine strains of bioflocculant-producing bacteria were isolated from 3 activated sludge samples. Among them, strain MYC was found to have the highest and stable flocculating rate for both kaolin clay suspension...Seventy-nine strains of bioflocculant-producing bacteria were isolated from 3 activated sludge samples. Among them, strain MYC was found to have the highest and stable flocculating rate for both kaolin clay suspension and oil-field produced water. The bacterial strain was identified as Klebsiella sp. MYC according to its morphological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence. The optimal medium for bioflocculant production by this bacterial strain was composed of cane sugar 20 g L -1, KH2PO4 2 g L -1, K2HPO4 5 g L -1, (NH4)2SO4 0.2 g [KG-*9]L -1, urea 0.5 g L -1 and yeast extract 0.5 g L -1, the initial pH being 5.5. When the suspension of kaolin clay was treated with 0.5% of Klebsiella sp. MYC culture broth, the flocculating rate reached more than 90.0% in the presence of 500 mg L -1 CaCl2, while the flocculating rate for oil-field produced water was near 80[KG-*3].0% in a pH range of 7.0-9.0 with the separation of oil and suspended particles from the oil-field produced water under similar conditions. The environment-friendly nature of the bioflocculant and high flocculating rate of the strain make the bioflocculant produced by Klebsiella sp. MYC an attractive bioflocculant in oil-field produced water treatment.展开更多
SINCE water emitting in oil wells is a general problem in developing oil fields, the workers inthe world put quite an emphasis on water shutoff. In recent years, the study on develop-ing a novel and highly effective w...SINCE water emitting in oil wells is a general problem in developing oil fields, the workers inthe world put quite an emphasis on water shutoff. In recent years, the study on develop-ing a novel and highly effective water plugging agent has become an important technical mea-sure for controlling water emitting in the middle and later periods of an oil field. A highly ef-fective water plugging agent can form gel, gradually swell in water and shut off water, but oilcan get through. It also has suitable resistance to pressure and high temperature and a longservice life. Only when the water shutoff agent can form a composite polymer network (CPN)展开更多
DURING the course of hydrocarbon evolution and migration, large quantities of H<sub> </sub>2S are often produced.This process is most familiar to petroleum geologists, and may lead to forming of natural ga...DURING the course of hydrocarbon evolution and migration, large quantities of H<sub> </sub>2S are often produced.This process is most familiar to petroleum geologists, and may lead to forming of natural gas deposits. Themost important H<sub>2</sub>S-forming reactions are bacterial sulfate reduction （BSR）, and thermochemical sulfatereduction （TSR）. Whereas BSR is restricted to relatively low temperature （【100℃） and shallowdepths, TSR becomes important at elevated temperature （】150℃） and greater depth of burial. BecauseH<sub>2</sub>S is highly soluble in water, any groundwater in the vicinity of a TSR-active zone will also become enriched in H<sub>2</sub>S. The central hypothesis of this paper is that hot groundwaters associated with TSR in carbonate terrains acquire the ability to transport gold and other elements （e.g. Ag, Hg, As, Sb, Tl）展开更多
This article introduces experiments and researches of polysulphone ultrafiltration membrane's effect on oil field polluted water and approaches renewing oil field polluted water and approaches renewing of membrane...This article introduces experiments and researches of polysulphone ultrafiltration membrane's effect on oil field polluted water and approaches renewing oil field polluted water and approaches renewing of membrane's flux by different detergents and cleaning method. Good result has been achieved by doing experiments and the renewal rate of membrane is over 90%.展开更多
[Objective] The study aimed at analyzing the dynamic variation of land-use types of the constructed wetland before and after oil-field water irrigation based on 3S technology. [Method] At semi-arid and arid areas in t...[Objective] The study aimed at analyzing the dynamic variation of land-use types of the constructed wetland before and after oil-field water irrigation based on 3S technology. [Method] At semi-arid and arid areas in the west of Jilin Province, water resource balance between the amount of oil-field water supply and ecological water requirement in the constructed wetland irrigated by oil-field water during 2001-2010 was investigated firstly. Afterwards, based on 3S technology, the partition and dynamic variation of land-use types of the constructed wetland before and after oil-field water irrigation in 2001, 2006, 2008 and 2010 were analyzed. [Result] The annual ecological water requirement of the constructed wetland from 2003 to 2010 varied from 1.62×106 to 2.24×106 m3, and the annual amount of oil-field water supply in the region changed from 2.12×106 to 2.84×106 m3, which showed that the supply amount of oil-field water could meet the basic ecological water requirement of the constructed wetland. Meanwhile, compared with 2001, the areas of water region and paddy field in 2010 increased by 2.3 and 10.0 times, and the areas of forest and marsh rose by 40.15% and 29.5.0% respectively. [Conclusion] Water shortage and ecological environment problem of arid and semi-arid areas had been improved by oil-field water irrigation.展开更多
The oi!bearing area of Gudao Oilfield covers 80.9 square kilometers.with 373 million tons of oil in place.It is a large drape anticlinal.Neogene Gu-dao Formation is main oil-beraing reservoir devel-oped with dip gentl...The oi!bearing area of Gudao Oilfield covers 80.9 square kilometers.with 373 million tons of oil in place.It is a large drape anticlinal.Neogene Gu-dao Formation is main oil-beraing reservoir devel-oped with dip gentle from 30'to 1°30'in general.The main oil-bearing sequences can be divided into 6 sand groups and 34 layers in detail.in which the Ng°-Ng°sand groups are the main payzones in which oil in place accounts for 97.2%of the total.展开更多
Through the analysis of the reservoir connection relationship and the water-cut rising rules after water breakthrough in the highly volatile oil AKPO oilfield, a new model of water-cut rising was established, and the ...Through the analysis of the reservoir connection relationship and the water-cut rising rules after water breakthrough in the highly volatile oil AKPO oilfield, a new model of water-cut rising was established, and the timing and strategy of water injection were put forward. The water-cut rising shapes of producers after water breakthrough can be divided into three types, and their water-cut rising mechanism is mainly controlled by reservoir connectivity. For the producers which directly connect with injectors in the single-phase sand body of the single-phase channel or lobe with good reservoir connectivity, the water-cut rising curve is "sub-convex". For the producers which connect with injectors through sand bodies developed in multi-phases with good inner sand connectivity but poorer physical property and connectivity at the overlapping parts of sands, the response to water injection is slow and the water-cut rising curve is "sub-concave". For the producers which connect with injectors through multi-phase sand bodies with reservoir physical properties, connectivity in between the former two and characteristics of both direct connection and overlapping connection, the response to water injection is slightly slower and the water-cut rising curve is "sub-S". Based on ratio relationship of oil and water relative permeability, a new model of water cut rising was established. Through the fitting analysis of actual production data, the optimal timing and corresponding technology for water injection after water breakthrough were put forward. Composite channel and lobe reservoirs can adopt water injection strategies concentrating on improving the vertical sweep efficiency and areal sweep efficiency respectively. This technology has worked well in the AKPO oilfield and can guide the development of similar oilfields.展开更多
Simulation study was applied in the development planning of East Unity oilfield, Sudan. A grid consisting of 2 000 cells was constructed. A major challenge of the study wasto evolve a full field development and future...Simulation study was applied in the development planning of East Unity oilfield, Sudan. A grid consisting of 2 000 cells was constructed. A major challenge of the study wasto evolve a full field development and future reservoir management strategy that would ensuremaximum recovery of oil based on well Un51. Simulation shows that Un51 as injection well inAradiebaC would yield better oil recovery than to be production well.展开更多
This study reviews the development history of PetroChina’s overseas oil and gas field development technologies, summarizes the characteristic technologies developed, and puts forward the development goals and technol...This study reviews the development history of PetroChina’s overseas oil and gas field development technologies, summarizes the characteristic technologies developed, and puts forward the development goals and technological development directions of overseas business to overcome the challenges met in overseas oil and gas production. In the course of PetroChina’s overseas oil and gas field production practice of more than 20 years, a series of characteristic technologies suitable for overseas oil and gas fields have been created by combining the domestic mature oil and gas field production technologies with the features of overseas oil and gas reservoirs, represented by the technology for high-speed development and stabilizing oil production and controlling water rise for overseas sandstone oilfields, high efficiency development technology for large carbonate oil and gas reservoirs and foamy oil depletion development technology in use of horizontal wells for extra-heavy oil reservoirs. Based on in-depth analysis of the challenges faced by overseas oil and gas development and technological requirements, combined with the development trends of oil and gas development technologies in China and abroad, overseas oil and gas development technologies in the future are put forward, including artificial intelligence reservoir prediction and 3 D geological modeling, secondary development and enhanced oil recovery(EOR) of overseas sandstone oilfields after high speed development, water and gas injection to improve oil recovery in overseas carbonate oil and gas reservoirs, economic and effective development of overseas unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, efficient development of marine deep-water oil and gas reservoirs. The following goals are expected to be achieved: keep the enhanced oil recovery(EOR) technology for high water-cut sandstone oilfield at international advanced level, and make the development technology for carbonate oil and gas reservoirs reach the international advanced level, and the development technologies for unconventional and marine deep-water oil and gas reservoirs catch up the level of international leading oil companies quickly.展开更多
文摘In today’s society, with the continuous growth of energy demand, Bohai Oilfield, as an important offshore oil resource base in China, is facing increasingly severe challenges while contributing to national energy security. In order to improve the quality of water injection in the oilfield and gradually achieve efficient and stable production, Bohai Oilfield has launched a water injection well pressure optimization project, focusing on improving the efficiency and quality of water injection in the water injection wells, in order to achieve the optimal water injection plan. In practical work, P Oilfield continues to promote the development of water injection well pressure optimization projects, emphasizing practical exploration and continuous optimization of work plans. However, during the project implementation process, there were some problems, one of which was that the statistics of cumulative injection volume were not scientific enough, resulting in a more comprehensive and accurate presentation of the actual results of pressure optimization work. In the context of continuous improvement work, after careful analysis and research, P Oilfield has decided to optimize the cumulative injection rate algorithm to guide the oilfield’s water injection work in a more refined way, ensuring sufficient and good water injection, and enhancing the oilfield’s production efficiency and comprehensive competitiveness.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.59978020）.
文摘The biological aerated filter(BAF)was used to treat the oil-field produced water.The removal effi- ciency for oil,COD,BOD and suspended solids(SS)was 76.3%—80.3%,31.6%—57.9%,86.3%—96.3%and 76.4%—82.7%,respectively when the hydraulic loading rates varied from 0.6m.h- 1to 1.4m.h -1.The greatest part of removal,for example more than 80%of COD removal,occurred on the top 100cm of the media in BAF.The ki- netic performance of BAF indicated that the relationship of BOD removal efficiency with the hydraulic loading rates in biological aerated filters could be described by cr/ci=1-exp(-2.44/L 0.59).This equation could be used to predict the BOD removal efficiency at different hydraulic loading rates.
文摘Seventy-nine strains of bioflocculant-producing bacteria were isolated from 3 activated sludge samples. Among them, strain MYC was found to have the highest and stable flocculating rate for both kaolin clay suspension and oil-field produced water. The bacterial strain was identified as Klebsiella sp. MYC according to its morphological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence. The optimal medium for bioflocculant production by this bacterial strain was composed of cane sugar 20 g L -1, KH2PO4 2 g L -1, K2HPO4 5 g L -1, (NH4)2SO4 0.2 g [KG-*9]L -1, urea 0.5 g L -1 and yeast extract 0.5 g L -1, the initial pH being 5.5. When the suspension of kaolin clay was treated with 0.5% of Klebsiella sp. MYC culture broth, the flocculating rate reached more than 90.0% in the presence of 500 mg L -1 CaCl2, while the flocculating rate for oil-field produced water was near 80[KG-*3].0% in a pH range of 7.0-9.0 with the separation of oil and suspended particles from the oil-field produced water under similar conditions. The environment-friendly nature of the bioflocculant and high flocculating rate of the strain make the bioflocculant produced by Klebsiella sp. MYC an attractive bioflocculant in oil-field produced water treatment.
文摘SINCE water emitting in oil wells is a general problem in developing oil fields, the workers inthe world put quite an emphasis on water shutoff. In recent years, the study on develop-ing a novel and highly effective water plugging agent has become an important technical mea-sure for controlling water emitting in the middle and later periods of an oil field. A highly ef-fective water plugging agent can form gel, gradually swell in water and shut off water, but oilcan get through. It also has suitable resistance to pressure and high temperature and a longservice life. Only when the water shutoff agent can form a composite polymer network (CPN)
文摘DURING the course of hydrocarbon evolution and migration, large quantities of H<sub> </sub>2S are often produced.This process is most familiar to petroleum geologists, and may lead to forming of natural gas deposits. Themost important H<sub>2</sub>S-forming reactions are bacterial sulfate reduction （BSR）, and thermochemical sulfatereduction （TSR）. Whereas BSR is restricted to relatively low temperature （【100℃） and shallowdepths, TSR becomes important at elevated temperature （】150℃） and greater depth of burial. BecauseH<sub>2</sub>S is highly soluble in water, any groundwater in the vicinity of a TSR-active zone will also become enriched in H<sub>2</sub>S. The central hypothesis of this paper is that hot groundwaters associated with TSR in carbonate terrains acquire the ability to transport gold and other elements （e.g. Ag, Hg, As, Sb, Tl）
文摘This article introduces experiments and researches of polysulphone ultrafiltration membrane's effect on oil field polluted water and approaches renewing oil field polluted water and approaches renewing of membrane's flux by different detergents and cleaning method. Good result has been achieved by doing experiments and the renewal rate of membrane is over 90%.
基金Supported by 2007 Environmental Protection Project of Jilin Provincial Department of Environmental Protection(2007-09)
文摘[Objective] The study aimed at analyzing the dynamic variation of land-use types of the constructed wetland before and after oil-field water irrigation based on 3S technology. [Method] At semi-arid and arid areas in the west of Jilin Province, water resource balance between the amount of oil-field water supply and ecological water requirement in the constructed wetland irrigated by oil-field water during 2001-2010 was investigated firstly. Afterwards, based on 3S technology, the partition and dynamic variation of land-use types of the constructed wetland before and after oil-field water irrigation in 2001, 2006, 2008 and 2010 were analyzed. [Result] The annual ecological water requirement of the constructed wetland from 2003 to 2010 varied from 1.62×106 to 2.24×106 m3, and the annual amount of oil-field water supply in the region changed from 2.12×106 to 2.84×106 m3, which showed that the supply amount of oil-field water could meet the basic ecological water requirement of the constructed wetland. Meanwhile, compared with 2001, the areas of water region and paddy field in 2010 increased by 2.3 and 10.0 times, and the areas of forest and marsh rose by 40.15% and 29.5.0% respectively. [Conclusion] Water shortage and ecological environment problem of arid and semi-arid areas had been improved by oil-field water irrigation.
文摘The oi!bearing area of Gudao Oilfield covers 80.9 square kilometers.with 373 million tons of oil in place.It is a large drape anticlinal.Neogene Gu-dao Formation is main oil-beraing reservoir devel-oped with dip gentle from 30'to 1°30'in general.The main oil-bearing sequences can be divided into 6 sand groups and 34 layers in detail.in which the Ng°-Ng°sand groups are the main payzones in which oil in place accounts for 97.2%of the total.
基金Supported by the China National Science and Technology Major Project(2011ZX05030-005)
文摘Through the analysis of the reservoir connection relationship and the water-cut rising rules after water breakthrough in the highly volatile oil AKPO oilfield, a new model of water-cut rising was established, and the timing and strategy of water injection were put forward. The water-cut rising shapes of producers after water breakthrough can be divided into three types, and their water-cut rising mechanism is mainly controlled by reservoir connectivity. For the producers which directly connect with injectors in the single-phase sand body of the single-phase channel or lobe with good reservoir connectivity, the water-cut rising curve is "sub-convex". For the producers which connect with injectors through sand bodies developed in multi-phases with good inner sand connectivity but poorer physical property and connectivity at the overlapping parts of sands, the response to water injection is slow and the water-cut rising curve is "sub-concave". For the producers which connect with injectors through multi-phase sand bodies with reservoir physical properties, connectivity in between the former two and characteristics of both direct connection and overlapping connection, the response to water injection is slightly slower and the water-cut rising curve is "sub-S". Based on ratio relationship of oil and water relative permeability, a new model of water cut rising was established. Through the fitting analysis of actual production data, the optimal timing and corresponding technology for water injection after water breakthrough were put forward. Composite channel and lobe reservoirs can adopt water injection strategies concentrating on improving the vertical sweep efficiency and areal sweep efficiency respectively. This technology has worked well in the AKPO oilfield and can guide the development of similar oilfields.
文摘Simulation study was applied in the development planning of East Unity oilfield, Sudan. A grid consisting of 2 000 cells was constructed. A major challenge of the study wasto evolve a full field development and future reservoir management strategy that would ensuremaximum recovery of oil based on well Un51. Simulation shows that Un51 as injection well inAradiebaC would yield better oil recovery than to be production well.
文摘This study reviews the development history of PetroChina’s overseas oil and gas field development technologies, summarizes the characteristic technologies developed, and puts forward the development goals and technological development directions of overseas business to overcome the challenges met in overseas oil and gas production. In the course of PetroChina’s overseas oil and gas field production practice of more than 20 years, a series of characteristic technologies suitable for overseas oil and gas fields have been created by combining the domestic mature oil and gas field production technologies with the features of overseas oil and gas reservoirs, represented by the technology for high-speed development and stabilizing oil production and controlling water rise for overseas sandstone oilfields, high efficiency development technology for large carbonate oil and gas reservoirs and foamy oil depletion development technology in use of horizontal wells for extra-heavy oil reservoirs. Based on in-depth analysis of the challenges faced by overseas oil and gas development and technological requirements, combined with the development trends of oil and gas development technologies in China and abroad, overseas oil and gas development technologies in the future are put forward, including artificial intelligence reservoir prediction and 3 D geological modeling, secondary development and enhanced oil recovery(EOR) of overseas sandstone oilfields after high speed development, water and gas injection to improve oil recovery in overseas carbonate oil and gas reservoirs, economic and effective development of overseas unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, efficient development of marine deep-water oil and gas reservoirs. The following goals are expected to be achieved: keep the enhanced oil recovery(EOR) technology for high water-cut sandstone oilfield at international advanced level, and make the development technology for carbonate oil and gas reservoirs reach the international advanced level, and the development technologies for unconventional and marine deep-water oil and gas reservoirs catch up the level of international leading oil companies quickly.
