The study was conducted at the nursery of Malta station/Duhok. Kurdistan region-lraq, during the season 2011 to study the effect of GA3 and Fe on vegetative growth of two year old of two olive （Olea europaea L.） cul...The study was conducted at the nursery of Malta station/Duhok. Kurdistan region-lraq, during the season 2011 to study the effect of GA3 and Fe on vegetative growth of two year old of two olive （Olea europaea L.） cultivars （Kithary and Sorany）, the transplant were sprayed with four levels （0, 250, 500 and 750 mg L^-1 GA3） and four levels of chelated iron （0, 25, 50 and 75 mg Fe L^-1）. Foliar application of GA3 at 500 mg Ll increased significantly stem diameter （mm）, leaf number, increasing GA3 level up 750 mg L^-1 significantly increase shoot length （cm） plantl, leaf area. However, 50 mg Fe L^-1 increased significantly leaf number, leaf area, chlorophyll content, and when treated with 75 mg Fe L^-1 significantly increase stem diameter, shoot length cm plant^-1, leaf fresh weight （g）, leaf dry weight （g）. While, Kithary cultivar significant dominated Sorany cultivar of the most studied characteristics. The interactions between GA3, Fe and cultivars significantly affected on the most of the characteristics studied, foliar sprays of Kithary cultivar with 750 mg Ll GA^-1 and 0 mg Fe Ll significantly increase chlorophyll content and leaf area, and Kithary cultivar when treated only by 75 mg Fe Ll increase significantly plant high （cm）, stem diameter （mm）, leaf dry weight （g） and leaf fresh weight when compared with the control.展开更多
Olea europaea(Family:Oleaceae)is the characteristic fruit tree of the Mediterranean basin.The oil extracted from the fruit was the essential product,olive oil was used for cooking and as salad oil.It was preferred for...Olea europaea(Family:Oleaceae)is the characteristic fruit tree of the Mediterranean basin.The oil extracted from the fruit was the essential product,olive oil was used for cooking and as salad oil.It was preferred for its flavor and beneficial health effects.While,low grade oil was used in cosmetics,as lubricants and for soap production.Plant parts were traditionally used in the treatment of diabetes,malaria,hypertension,coughs,asthma,lumbago,rheumatism,kidney problems,urinary tract infections,nose bleeding,for eye infections and to relieve sore throats.About 676 distinct chemical compounds were identified in the Olea europaea,they were included(fatty acids,phenolic compounds,alcohols,volatiles,phospholipids,triterpenic acids,sterols,hydrocarbons,sugars,amino acids,tocopherols,pigments,and many other compounds).Olea europaea extracts and oil possessed many pharmacological activities included cardiovascular,anti-obesity,antidiabetic,inflammatory,analgesic,antioxidant,antimicrobial,antiparasitic,anti-anticancer,immunomodulatory,respiratory,endocrine,reproductive and protective effects.This review discussed the contents,pharmacological,nutritional and therapeutic activities of Olea europaea.展开更多
The olive species(Olea europaea L.)is an ancient traditional crop grown under rainfed conditions in the Mediterranean Basin.In response to the growing national and international demand for olive oil,the olive cultivar...The olive species(Olea europaea L.)is an ancient traditional crop grown under rainfed conditions in the Mediterranean Basin.In response to the growing national and international demand for olive oil,the olive cultivars are introduced into highly arid new bioclimatic areas.Subsequently,the morpho-physiology and phytochemistry of olive trees are potentially changing among cultivar types and geographical conditions.In the present work,we have undertaken an assessment on the impacts of geographical location and cultivar types on the leaf morpho-physiology and phytochemistry of olive trees.Thus,leaves of the two most cultivated olive tree varieties,Chemlal and Sigoise,were collected from three geographical regions(Setif,Batna,and Eloued)with increasing aridity in Algeria.Leaf samples from the geographical regions were analyzed using the standard physiological experiment,colorimetric method,and a chromatography assay.Leaves of both cultivars exhibited a significant variance in terms of the leaf shape index but not for the leaf tissue density,specific leaf weight,and specific leaf area.Photosynthetic pigment contents were affected by both cultivar type and geographical location,with the lowest pigment content recorded in the Sigoise cultivar from the Setif region.Compared with the Setif and Batna regions,dried leaves of both cultivars from the Eloued region showed the higher levels of the total polyphenol,total flavonoid,and total tannin,as well as a better antioxidant capacity.Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of all leaf extracts identified the following phenolic acids as major compounds:oleuropein,naringin,apigenin-7-O-glucoside,kaempferol,quercetin,quercitrin,luteolin-7-O-naringenin,and quinic acid.Lower contents were found for p-Coumaric acid,trans-Ferulic acid,hyperoside,rutin,apigenin,caffeic acid,protocatechuic acid,o-Coumaric acid,and gallic acid.Also,epicatechin and catechin+were not found in the leaf extracts of the Sigoise cultivar.The leaf organic extracts in both cultivars displayed promising anti-cancer activity that was affected by geographical location and organic solvent polarity.Briefly,although increasing aridity and soil organic and mineral deficiency affected the leaf morpho-physiological parameters,both cultivars sustained a chemical richness,a good antioxidant,and an anti-tumoral capacity in leaves.Furthermore,the findings revealed that regardless the olive tree genotype,there was a significant impact of geographical location on the leaf morpho-physiology,bioactivity,and chemical composition,which may consequently modulate the growth and oil production of olive trees.展开更多
文摘The study was conducted at the nursery of Malta station/Duhok. Kurdistan region-lraq, during the season 2011 to study the effect of GA3 and Fe on vegetative growth of two year old of two olive （Olea europaea L.） cultivars （Kithary and Sorany）, the transplant were sprayed with four levels （0, 250, 500 and 750 mg L^-1 GA3） and four levels of chelated iron （0, 25, 50 and 75 mg Fe L^-1）. Foliar application of GA3 at 500 mg Ll increased significantly stem diameter （mm）, leaf number, increasing GA3 level up 750 mg L^-1 significantly increase shoot length （cm） plantl, leaf area. However, 50 mg Fe L^-1 increased significantly leaf number, leaf area, chlorophyll content, and when treated with 75 mg Fe L^-1 significantly increase stem diameter, shoot length cm plant^-1, leaf fresh weight （g）, leaf dry weight （g）. While, Kithary cultivar significant dominated Sorany cultivar of the most studied characteristics. The interactions between GA3, Fe and cultivars significantly affected on the most of the characteristics studied, foliar sprays of Kithary cultivar with 750 mg Ll GA^-1 and 0 mg Fe Ll significantly increase chlorophyll content and leaf area, and Kithary cultivar when treated only by 75 mg Fe Ll increase significantly plant high （cm）, stem diameter （mm）, leaf dry weight （g） and leaf fresh weight when compared with the control.
文摘Olea europaea(Family:Oleaceae)is the characteristic fruit tree of the Mediterranean basin.The oil extracted from the fruit was the essential product,olive oil was used for cooking and as salad oil.It was preferred for its flavor and beneficial health effects.While,low grade oil was used in cosmetics,as lubricants and for soap production.Plant parts were traditionally used in the treatment of diabetes,malaria,hypertension,coughs,asthma,lumbago,rheumatism,kidney problems,urinary tract infections,nose bleeding,for eye infections and to relieve sore throats.About 676 distinct chemical compounds were identified in the Olea europaea,they were included(fatty acids,phenolic compounds,alcohols,volatiles,phospholipids,triterpenic acids,sterols,hydrocarbons,sugars,amino acids,tocopherols,pigments,and many other compounds).Olea europaea extracts and oil possessed many pharmacological activities included cardiovascular,anti-obesity,antidiabetic,inflammatory,analgesic,antioxidant,antimicrobial,antiparasitic,anti-anticancer,immunomodulatory,respiratory,endocrine,reproductive and protective effects.This review discussed the contents,pharmacological,nutritional and therapeutic activities of Olea europaea.
文摘The olive species(Olea europaea L.)is an ancient traditional crop grown under rainfed conditions in the Mediterranean Basin.In response to the growing national and international demand for olive oil,the olive cultivars are introduced into highly arid new bioclimatic areas.Subsequently,the morpho-physiology and phytochemistry of olive trees are potentially changing among cultivar types and geographical conditions.In the present work,we have undertaken an assessment on the impacts of geographical location and cultivar types on the leaf morpho-physiology and phytochemistry of olive trees.Thus,leaves of the two most cultivated olive tree varieties,Chemlal and Sigoise,were collected from three geographical regions(Setif,Batna,and Eloued)with increasing aridity in Algeria.Leaf samples from the geographical regions were analyzed using the standard physiological experiment,colorimetric method,and a chromatography assay.Leaves of both cultivars exhibited a significant variance in terms of the leaf shape index but not for the leaf tissue density,specific leaf weight,and specific leaf area.Photosynthetic pigment contents were affected by both cultivar type and geographical location,with the lowest pigment content recorded in the Sigoise cultivar from the Setif region.Compared with the Setif and Batna regions,dried leaves of both cultivars from the Eloued region showed the higher levels of the total polyphenol,total flavonoid,and total tannin,as well as a better antioxidant capacity.Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of all leaf extracts identified the following phenolic acids as major compounds:oleuropein,naringin,apigenin-7-O-glucoside,kaempferol,quercetin,quercitrin,luteolin-7-O-naringenin,and quinic acid.Lower contents were found for p-Coumaric acid,trans-Ferulic acid,hyperoside,rutin,apigenin,caffeic acid,protocatechuic acid,o-Coumaric acid,and gallic acid.Also,epicatechin and catechin+were not found in the leaf extracts of the Sigoise cultivar.The leaf organic extracts in both cultivars displayed promising anti-cancer activity that was affected by geographical location and organic solvent polarity.Briefly,although increasing aridity and soil organic and mineral deficiency affected the leaf morpho-physiological parameters,both cultivars sustained a chemical richness,a good antioxidant,and an anti-tumoral capacity in leaves.Furthermore,the findings revealed that regardless the olive tree genotype,there was a significant impact of geographical location on the leaf morpho-physiology,bioactivity,and chemical composition,which may consequently modulate the growth and oil production of olive trees.
