Heavy metal contaminated water sources pose serious health risks for humans,animals,and plants.Exposure to and ingestion of heavy metals have been associated to liver,kidney,and brain function.Objective:The aim of thi...Heavy metal contaminated water sources pose serious health risks for humans,animals,and plants.Exposure to and ingestion of heavy metals have been associated to liver,kidney,and brain function.Objective:The aim of this research is to comparatively examine the metal removal efficacy of three solid bidentate chemicals and four plant materials.Study Design&Methods:Standard solutions of zinc(II)and lead(II)ions with concentrations of 1,000 ppm were respectively treated with OA(Oxalic Acid),dibasic bidentate ligands(sodium hydrogen phosphate and sodium carbonate).Then,the solutions were placed on a shaker for 15 h,centrifuged,and the supernatant was analyzed using ICP-AES(Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry).Results:All the solid bidentate adsorbents were very effective in removing zinc and lead(>90%).However,more lead than zinc was removed across all adsorbents except for lemon where equal percent of zinc and lead(49%)were removed.OA and Na2HPO4 removed about equal amount of lead(>99%).The plant materials(SP(Spinach),bell pepper and GBP(Green Bell Pepper)),respectively and preferentially removed more lead(98.9%,98.3%,81.5%)than zinc(91.7%,46%,46%).Conclusion:Although plant materials have gained attraction for the remediation of heavy metal,however,some bidentate chemical ligands such as OA,sodium carbonate and sodium hydrogen phosphates are even more effective in removing these metals from contaminated water.Furthermore,heavier metals are preferentially removed than lighter metals.展开更多
Oleanolic acid(OA) and ursolic acid(UA) are isomeric triterpenic acids and only one methyl’s position is different between them.OA and UA always exist in the same plant,so it is difficult to separate them when determ...Oleanolic acid(OA) and ursolic acid(UA) are isomeric triterpenic acids and only one methyl’s position is different between them.OA and UA always exist in the same plant,so it is difficult to separate them when determining contents by RP-HPLC.In this study,a very simple mobile phase for HPLC was developed to simultaneously determine UA and OA,and the factors affecting separation were also discussed.The mobile phase is methanol:water(95:5) with flow rate 0.4 mL/min.The retention time for OA and UA was 20.58 and 21.57 min,respectively,the resolution was 1.61.The average contents of OA and UA of three Loquat leaves sets were 1.4 mg/g and 5.6 mg/g,respectively.Regarding the HPLC,we found that changing mobile phase,adjusting the pH value or adding ion-pairing agent could not affect the separation between UA and OA greatly.While adjustment of the flow rate and column temperature could improve the resolution greatly.展开更多
[Objectives] To explore the inhibitory effects of flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi stems and leaves against abnormal formation of PHF and regulation mechanism of protein phosphatase(PP) in okadaic acid(O...[Objectives] To explore the inhibitory effects of flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi stems and leaves against abnormal formation of PHF and regulation mechanism of protein phosphatase(PP) in okadaic acid(OA) induced brain injury in rats.[Methods]Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with OA(200 ng/kg) in the lateral ventricle to establish a memory impairment model,and Morris water maze was used to screen the memory impairment model.Rats were intragastrically administered with 25,50 and 100 mg/kg SSF daily for 36 d.The protein expressions of PHF,PP1,PP2A-Cα,PP2A-Cβ,PP2 CA and PP2 CB in rat cortex and hippocampus were determined by Western blot.Ginkgo biloba leaf flavonoids were used as positive control drugs.[Results]Compared with the sham-operated rats,the expression of PHF protein in the cortex and hippocampus of the model group was significantly increased(P < 0.01);protein expression of PP2A-Cα and PP2A-Cβin the cortex and hippocampus,and PP2 CB in the hippocampus were significantly decreased(P < 0.05);protein expression of PP2 CA and PP2 CB in the cortex was significantly increased(P < 0.01);protein expression of PP1 in the cortex was significantly decreased(P < 0.01).Compared with the model rats,25,50 and 100 mg/kg SSF 36 d reversed the protein expression of PHF,PP2A-Cα and PP2ACβ in rat cortex and hippocampus and expression of PP1 in rat cortex induced by OA,but had no significant effect on the protein expression of PP2 CA and PP2 CB,G.biloba flavonoids also showed similar results to SSF.[Conclusions] SSF can significantly inhibit the abnormal formation of PHF in rat brain induced by OA.The inhibitory effect may be related to the regulation of PP1,PP2A-Cα and PP2A-Cβ protein expression in cerebral cortex and hippocampus by SSF,but less related to the regulation of PP2 CA and PP2 CB.展开更多
目的观察头顶一颗珠(TTM)对阿尔茨海默病(AD)模型大鼠海马、皮质抗氧化酶和过氧化脂质表达的影响。方法用岗田酸(OA)大鼠侧脑室注射制备大鼠阿尔茨海默病大鼠模型,TTM注射液(750、500、250 mg/kg)腹腔注射,并用维生素C(V it C)腹腔注射...目的观察头顶一颗珠(TTM)对阿尔茨海默病(AD)模型大鼠海马、皮质抗氧化酶和过氧化脂质表达的影响。方法用岗田酸(OA)大鼠侧脑室注射制备大鼠阿尔茨海默病大鼠模型,TTM注射液(750、500、250 mg/kg)腹腔注射,并用维生素C(V it C)腹腔注射作阳性对照。测定正常组、模型组、阳性对照组、药物实验组海马、皮质超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和丙二醛(MDA)的含量。结果模型组与正常组比较,SOD、GSH-Px降低(P<0.05,P<0.001),MDA增高(P<0.001)。药物实验组与阳性对照组比较,SOD、GSH-Px和MDA在TTM高、中剂量组差异明显(P<0.05),低剂量组差异不明显(P>0.05)。结论TTM抗衰老作用与增强脑组织SOD、GSH-Px活性、减少MDA蓄积有关。展开更多
文摘Heavy metal contaminated water sources pose serious health risks for humans,animals,and plants.Exposure to and ingestion of heavy metals have been associated to liver,kidney,and brain function.Objective:The aim of this research is to comparatively examine the metal removal efficacy of three solid bidentate chemicals and four plant materials.Study Design&Methods:Standard solutions of zinc(II)and lead(II)ions with concentrations of 1,000 ppm were respectively treated with OA(Oxalic Acid),dibasic bidentate ligands(sodium hydrogen phosphate and sodium carbonate).Then,the solutions were placed on a shaker for 15 h,centrifuged,and the supernatant was analyzed using ICP-AES(Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry).Results:All the solid bidentate adsorbents were very effective in removing zinc and lead(>90%).However,more lead than zinc was removed across all adsorbents except for lemon where equal percent of zinc and lead(49%)were removed.OA and Na2HPO4 removed about equal amount of lead(>99%).The plant materials(SP(Spinach),bell pepper and GBP(Green Bell Pepper)),respectively and preferentially removed more lead(98.9%,98.3%,81.5%)than zinc(91.7%,46%,46%).Conclusion:Although plant materials have gained attraction for the remediation of heavy metal,however,some bidentate chemical ligands such as OA,sodium carbonate and sodium hydrogen phosphates are even more effective in removing these metals from contaminated water.Furthermore,heavier metals are preferentially removed than lighter metals.
文摘Oleanolic acid(OA) and ursolic acid(UA) are isomeric triterpenic acids and only one methyl’s position is different between them.OA and UA always exist in the same plant,so it is difficult to separate them when determining contents by RP-HPLC.In this study,a very simple mobile phase for HPLC was developed to simultaneously determine UA and OA,and the factors affecting separation were also discussed.The mobile phase is methanol:water(95:5) with flow rate 0.4 mL/min.The retention time for OA and UA was 20.58 and 21.57 min,respectively,the resolution was 1.61.The average contents of OA and UA of three Loquat leaves sets were 1.4 mg/g and 5.6 mg/g,respectively.Regarding the HPLC,we found that changing mobile phase,adjusting the pH value or adding ion-pairing agent could not affect the separation between UA and OA greatly.While adjustment of the flow rate and column temperature could improve the resolution greatly.
基金Supported by Hebei Province Colleges Hundred Outstanding Innovative Talent Support Program(First Session)Key Science and Technology Project of Hebei Provincial Education Department(ZD20131022)+1 种基金Project for Key Disciplines of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Colleges and Universities of Hebei Province(Ji Jiao Gao[2013]No.4)Program of Key Development Discipline of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Chengde Medical College(Cheng Yi Fa[2016]No.140)
文摘[Objectives] To explore the inhibitory effects of flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi stems and leaves against abnormal formation of PHF and regulation mechanism of protein phosphatase(PP) in okadaic acid(OA) induced brain injury in rats.[Methods]Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with OA(200 ng/kg) in the lateral ventricle to establish a memory impairment model,and Morris water maze was used to screen the memory impairment model.Rats were intragastrically administered with 25,50 and 100 mg/kg SSF daily for 36 d.The protein expressions of PHF,PP1,PP2A-Cα,PP2A-Cβ,PP2 CA and PP2 CB in rat cortex and hippocampus were determined by Western blot.Ginkgo biloba leaf flavonoids were used as positive control drugs.[Results]Compared with the sham-operated rats,the expression of PHF protein in the cortex and hippocampus of the model group was significantly increased(P < 0.01);protein expression of PP2A-Cα and PP2A-Cβin the cortex and hippocampus,and PP2 CB in the hippocampus were significantly decreased(P < 0.05);protein expression of PP2 CA and PP2 CB in the cortex was significantly increased(P < 0.01);protein expression of PP1 in the cortex was significantly decreased(P < 0.01).Compared with the model rats,25,50 and 100 mg/kg SSF 36 d reversed the protein expression of PHF,PP2A-Cα and PP2ACβ in rat cortex and hippocampus and expression of PP1 in rat cortex induced by OA,but had no significant effect on the protein expression of PP2 CA and PP2 CB,G.biloba flavonoids also showed similar results to SSF.[Conclusions] SSF can significantly inhibit the abnormal formation of PHF in rat brain induced by OA.The inhibitory effect may be related to the regulation of PP1,PP2A-Cα and PP2A-Cβ protein expression in cerebral cortex and hippocampus by SSF,but less related to the regulation of PP2 CA and PP2 CB.
文摘目的观察头顶一颗珠(TTM)对阿尔茨海默病(AD)模型大鼠海马、皮质抗氧化酶和过氧化脂质表达的影响。方法用岗田酸(OA)大鼠侧脑室注射制备大鼠阿尔茨海默病大鼠模型,TTM注射液(750、500、250 mg/kg)腹腔注射,并用维生素C(V it C)腹腔注射作阳性对照。测定正常组、模型组、阳性对照组、药物实验组海马、皮质超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和丙二醛(MDA)的含量。结果模型组与正常组比较,SOD、GSH-Px降低(P<0.05,P<0.001),MDA增高(P<0.001)。药物实验组与阳性对照组比较,SOD、GSH-Px和MDA在TTM高、中剂量组差异明显(P<0.05),低剂量组差异不明显(P>0.05)。结论TTM抗衰老作用与增强脑组织SOD、GSH-Px活性、减少MDA蓄积有关。
