Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Diversity Associated with Olea europaea L. Growing in Yunnan Province, Southwestern China

Olive(Olea europaea L.)is one of the most important and widely cultivated fruit trees,with high economic,ecological,cultural and scientific value.China began introducing and cultivating olive in the 1960s,and Yunnan Province is one of the main growing areas.Improving the cultivation and productivity of this tree crop species is an important challenge.Olive is a typical mycotrophic species and the potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)for this plant is well recognized;nevertheless,studies of olive AMF in China are still very limited.Roots and rhizosphere soils of olive were sampled from five representative growing sites in the Yunnan Province of China to investigate the AMF colonization status in the root systems,the AMF community in the olive orchards and the edaphic factors influencing the arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)parameters.Root samples of olive trees from different growing sites generally showed AMF colonization,suggesting that autochthonous AMF manifest a high efficiency in colonizing the roots of olive plants.The spore density on the five sites ranged from 81.6 to 350 spores per 20 g soil.Twenty-three AMF species from 9 genera were identified in total,and Glomeraceae was the dominant family.The findings of our study suggested a high AMF diversity harbored by olive growing in different areas of the Yunnan Province,Southwestern China.Furthermore,the hyphal colonization in roots positively correlated with soil pH and EC.The arbuscule colonization in olive roots negatively correlated with soil pH,EC,OM,TN,TP and AN.The spore density positively correlated with OM,TN,AN,AP and sand content.Finally,the Shannon index of AMF in the rhizosphere soil positively correlated with the clay content,but negatively correlated with soil pH,TN and silt content.The high diversity of autochthonous AMF in Yunnan is promising for screening AMF isolates for utilization in the efficient cultivation of this crop.

Transplantation and Post-planting Tending and Management Techniques of Olive Trees(Olea europaea L.)

This paper introduced the preparation work before transplanting big olive trees(Olea europaea L.),including key technical measures such as plant excavation,transportation,planting,and post-planting tending.The aim was to provide scientific basis and feasible solutions for adjusting the density of olive trees in Shiyan City,and to assist in the high-quality development of the olive industry.

Effect of Foliar Spray of Fe, GA3, Cultivars and Their Interactions on Growth of Olive （Olea europaea L.） Transplants cvs. Khithairy and Sorany

The study was conducted at the nursery of Malta station/Duhok. Kurdistan region-lraq, during the season 2011 to study the effect of GA3 and Fe on vegetative growth of two year old of two olive （Olea europaea L.） cultivars （Kithary and Sorany）, the transplant were sprayed with four levels （0, 250, 500 and 750 mg L^-1 GA3） and four levels of chelated iron （0, 25, 50 and 75 mg Fe L^-1）. Foliar application of GA3 at 500 mg Ll increased significantly stem diameter （mm）, leaf number, increasing GA3 level up 750 mg L^-1 significantly increase shoot length （cm） plantl, leaf area. However, 50 mg Fe L^-1 increased significantly leaf number, leaf area, chlorophyll content, and when treated with 75 mg Fe L^-1 significantly increase stem diameter, shoot length cm plant^-1, leaf fresh weight （g）, leaf dry weight （g）. While, Kithary cultivar significant dominated Sorany cultivar of the most studied characteristics. The interactions between GA3, Fe and cultivars significantly affected on the most of the characteristics studied, foliar sprays of Kithary cultivar with 750 mg Ll GA^-1 and 0 mg Fe Ll significantly increase chlorophyll content and leaf area, and Kithary cultivar when treated only by 75 mg Fe Ll increase significantly plant high （cm）, stem diameter （mm）, leaf dry weight （g） and leaf fresh weight when compared with the control.

Predicting ADME/Tox properties of hydroxytyrosol in the leaves of Olea europaea L.

In order to study the possibility of hydroxytyrosol(HT)as a drug,we used SwissADME system to predict ADME of HT and pkCSM system to predict Tox of HT.The results show that hydroxytyrosol meets the Lipinski’s five principles of drug-like properties.With strong efficacy and pharmacological activity,HT has high drug-likeness degree.With good bioavailability,it can be easily absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract,though not absorbed by skin.Hydroxytyrosol has not only a strong potency and pharmacological activity,but also no liver toxicity and skin allergy.Tox data predicts that it has mutagenic potential,which may be the result of overreduction.

Recovery and valorization of food industry by-products through the application of Olea europaea L.leaves in kombucha tea manufacturing

The present study investigated the application of a sustainable production model to the manufacturing technology of kombucha.In order to comply with the principles of circular economy,a newly-formulated beverage,obtained through the use of olive mill by-products as a fermentation substrate,was examined.The total polyphenol content,antioxidant activity and sensory profile of the final product was analyzed with the intention of evaluating the bioactive and sensory contribution made by olive leaves,when used in substitution of tea for kombucha fermentation.The initial level of oleuropein(394.7 mg/L)obtained in the olive leaves extract did not inhibit the natural fermentation process of Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeast(SCOBY).The addition of increasing percentages of the by-product during the fermentation produced several kombucha samples rich in secoiridoid bioactive compounds with a concentration of oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol ranged from 306.4 mg/L to 91.2 mg/L and from 29.0 mg/L to 9.3 mg/L,respectively.Since tea stands out as one of the main cost items in kombucha tea manufacturing,this study demonstrated that the use of olive leaves,as a polyphenol-rich substrate,may represent a viable strategy to valorize the agro-industrial waste,reduce production costs,preserve the antioxidant properties of kombucha and enrich its sensory profile.

油橄榄(O.europaea L.)在四川的现状与开发研究

介绍了油橄榄树种的植物生物学特性、生长习性和对生长环境的生态因素的要求 ,对在四川各地零星散落的各个品种进行了相关因子的比较 ,并对各品种现状表现呈现差异性的原因进行了分析 ,为油橄榄作为退耕还林、生态重建和农村小康建设的造林绿化经济植物的开发推广提出了一系列设想和措施 .

Leaf morpho-physiology and phytochemistry of olive trees as affected by cultivar type and increasing aridity

The olive species(Olea europaea L.)is an ancient traditional crop grown under rainfed conditions in the Mediterranean Basin.In response to the growing national and international demand for olive oil,the olive cultivars are introduced into highly arid new bioclimatic areas.Subsequently,the morpho-physiology and phytochemistry of olive trees are potentially changing among cultivar types and geographical conditions.In the present work,we have undertaken an assessment on the impacts of geographical location and cultivar types on the leaf morpho-physiology and phytochemistry of olive trees.Thus,leaves of the two most cultivated olive tree varieties,Chemlal and Sigoise,were collected from three geographical regions(Setif,Batna,and Eloued)with increasing aridity in Algeria.Leaf samples from the geographical regions were analyzed using the standard physiological experiment,colorimetric method,and a chromatography assay.Leaves of both cultivars exhibited a significant variance in terms of the leaf shape index but not for the leaf tissue density,specific leaf weight,and specific leaf area.Photosynthetic pigment contents were affected by both cultivar type and geographical location,with the lowest pigment content recorded in the Sigoise cultivar from the Setif region.Compared with the Setif and Batna regions,dried leaves of both cultivars from the Eloued region showed the higher levels of the total polyphenol,total flavonoid,and total tannin,as well as a better antioxidant capacity.Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of all leaf extracts identified the following phenolic acids as major compounds:oleuropein,naringin,apigenin-7-O-glucoside,kaempferol,quercetin,quercitrin,luteolin-7-O-naringenin,and quinic acid.Lower contents were found for p-Coumaric acid,trans-Ferulic acid,hyperoside,rutin,apigenin,caffeic acid,protocatechuic acid,o-Coumaric acid,and gallic acid.Also,epicatechin and catechin+were not found in the leaf extracts of the Sigoise cultivar.The leaf organic extracts in both cultivars displayed promising anti-cancer activity that was affected by geographical location and organic solvent polarity.Briefly,although increasing aridity and soil organic and mineral deficiency affected the leaf morpho-physiological parameters,both cultivars sustained a chemical richness,a good antioxidant,and an anti-tumoral capacity in leaves.Furthermore,the findings revealed that regardless the olive tree genotype,there was a significant impact of geographical location on the leaf morpho-physiology,bioactivity,and chemical composition,which may consequently modulate the growth and oil production of olive trees.

Modelling the impacts of cover crop management strategies on the water use,carbon exchange and yield of olive orchards

Cover crops have long been proposed as an alternative soil management for minimizing erosion rates in olive stands while providing additional ecosystem services.However,the trade-off between these benefits and the competition for water with the trees makes the definition of optimal management practices a challenging task in semiarid climates.This work presents an improved version of OliveCan,a process-based simulation model of olive orchards that now can simulate the main impacts of cover crops on the water and carbon balances of olive orchards.Albeit simple in its formulation,the new model components were developed to deal with different cover crop management strategies.Examples are presented for simulation runs of a traditional olive orchard in the conditions of southern Spain,evaluating the effects of different widths for the strip occupied by the cover crop(Fcc)and two contrasting mowing dates.Results revealed that high Fccresulted in lower olive yields,but only when mowing was applied at the end of spring.In this regard,late mowing and high Fccwas associated with lower soil water content from spring to summer,coinciding with olive flowering and the earlier stages of fruit growth.Fccwas also negatively correlated with surface runoff irrespective of the mowing date.On the other hand,net ecosystem productivity(NEP)was substantially affected by both Fccand mowing date.Further simulations under future climate scenarios comparing the same management alternatives are also presented,showing substantial yield reductions by the end of the century and minor or negligible changes in NEP and seasonal runoff.

应用电导率法及Logistic方程测定油橄榄品种的抗寒性

对6个油橄榄品种进行低温胁迫(5、0、-5、-10℃)处理,应用电导率法及Logistic方程测定不同油橄榄品种的抗寒性。结果表明,油橄榄叶片相对电导率随着处理温度的不断降低而呈"S"型曲线变化,叶片伤害率变化趋势与叶片相对电导率基本一致;在相同处理温度下叶片伤害率和相对电导率有较大差异,间接反映了不同品种的抗寒性强弱,结合Logistic方程可计算油橄榄的半致死温度(LT50);油橄榄叶片SOD、POD、CAT酶活性随胁迫温度的降低总体上均呈先升高后下降的趋势,其中皮削利的3种酶活性均显著高于其他品种;6个品种的油橄榄抗寒性差异显著,由强到弱依次为皮削利>配多灵>莱星>阿斯>鄂植8号>佛奥。

Effect of Regulated Deficit Irrigation on Productivity,Quality and Water Use in Olive cv“Manzanilla”

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of different regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) strategies on productivity, oil quality and water-use efficiency on olive grown in the Sonoran Desert. The experiments were carried out in 2009 and 2010, and in a ten years old traditional (10 × 5 m) “Manzanilla” olive orchard. The control treatment was irrigated at 100% ETc during the whole season while RDI treatments were applied at 75% ETc or 50% ETc. The two RDI were applied during two phenological stages: at postharvest to evaluate the effect on table olive or from pit hardening to harvest to evaluate the effect on oil olive. Our results indicated that RDI applying 50% ETc during postharvest period reduced significantly fruit set and table olive yield, while applied during pit hardening to harvest period, it decreased oil yield but increased oil content. The RDI applying an ETc of 75% during the postharvest period gave similar table olive yield to the control, and applied form of pit hardening to harvest also gave similar oil yield to the control. The RDI using an ETc of 75% resulted in the highest water-use efficiency for oil or table olive production.

Protein Bodies in Cotyledon Cells Exhibit Differential Patterns of Legumin-Like Proteins Mobilization during Seedling Germinating States

Olive (Olea europaea L.) tree is one of the most extensive and important agricultural crop in Mediterranean countries due to its beneficial health and nutritional properties and its high economic value. Currently, olive tree constitutes the sixth most important cultivated plant in the world, spreading from the Mediterranean region of origin to new production areas such as Australia, South and North America and South Africa. However, the mobilization processes of storage materials i.e. reserve proteins during seed germination, which are largely involved in essential physiological process including plant growth and development, remain poorly understood. Morphometric and immunohistochemistry analyses of protein bodies contained in olive seed storage tissues, cotyledon and endosperm, were performed by using different microscopy techniques, including light (bright-field and fluorescence) microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, we used legumin-like proteins (11S-type globulins) as a molecular marker to study the mobilization of reserve proteins from PBs of cotyledons at germinating seedling stages by using immunofluorescence assays. Results demonstrated that cotyledon and endosperm are characterized by distinct PBs populations containing legumin-like proteins, distinctly discriminated by the number of PBs per cell and tissue, size, immunofluorescence and histochemical staining. These features reflect differential PBs biogenesis during development and maturation processes in olive seed tissues endosperm and cotyledon, in relation to proteins (polypeptides) final composition, SSPs processing and/or packaging during seed maturation. Three different mobilization patterns of legumin-like proteins were identified for the first time in cotyledon PBs during seedling germinating process. Mature proteins composition and/or processing, cell types and enzyme composition and/or differential activation have been discussed as key features determining how proteins mobilize from PBs for further degradation in the cotyledon.

4个油橄榄品种在陇南的物候期及植物学性状表现的比较

本试验以‘奇迹’‘豆果’‘贺吉布兰克’和‘莱星’4个油橄榄(Olea europaea L.)品种为试材,在相同的立地条件和肥水管理下,比较了品种间的物候期、生长量、结果特性、果实品质及抗性。结果表明:1)品种的物候期存在显著差异:‘豆果’和‘奇迹’的萌芽期、展叶期、新梢抽生期较早,‘贺吉布兰克’的次之,‘莱星’的最迟;‘豆果’‘贺吉布兰克’的花期较‘奇迹’‘莱星’的略早;‘莱星’‘豆果’成熟较早,‘贺吉布兰克’次之,‘奇迹’最迟,4个品种达到成熟期后就都进入了休眠期。2)引进品种生长正常,与‘莱星’做比较,‘贺吉布兰克’‘豆果’的树高差异显著,‘奇迹’‘豆果’的冠幅与‘莱星’有差异。4个品种的枝型和叶片形状、大小及色泽不同。‘豆果’的座果率差异显著,是‘莱星’的5.5倍。

20个油橄榄品种间叶片特性分析

[目的]比较研究四川盆地20个主栽油橄榄(Olea europaea L.)品种在相同生长环境下光照利用率强弱的关系,筛选盆地丘陵区现有资源中对光照利用率较强的品种。[方法]以四川盆地20个主栽油橄榄为研究对象,对其叶片外形指标、光合色素和叶片细胞结构等特性进行分析比较。[结果]相同生境下科拉蒂(Coratina)叶面积最大,阿布桑娜(Arbosana)叶面积最小。阿布桑娜(Arbosana)、尼2(NikitskiiⅡ)、小苹果(Manzanilla)、皮瓜尔(Picual)、尼1(NikitskiiⅠ)、中山24(Zhongshan 24)和配多灵(Pendolino)叶片表皮细胞较薄,其中皮瓜尔(Picual)叶片表皮细胞最薄,阿布桑娜(Arbosana)次之。叶片栅栏组织和海绵组织厚度共0.077~0.129和0.161~0.179 nm,叶片细胞结构紧密度最高的品种是科拉蒂(Coratina),为0.502,鄂植(Ezhi 8)次之,为0.489,最低的是皮瓜尔(Picual),为0.352。叶片叶绿素a含量在0.85~1.50 mg/g,叶绿素b含量在0.41~0.97 mg/g,叶片类胡萝卜素含量在0.22~0.50 mg/g,20个品种中科拉蒂(Coratina)叶片光合色素含量最高,皮瓜尔(Picual)最低。叶片净光合速率(P_(n))最高的品种为科拉蒂(Coratina),达到9.91μmol/(m^(2)·s),其次是鄂植(Ezhi 8),达到9.51μmol/(m^(2)·s),最低的品种是阿布桑娜(Ezhi 8),为2.99μmol/(m^(2)·s)。[结论]该研究结果一方面表明植物不同器官在形态发生方面对光的敏感性不同,另一方面也表明植物具有主动适应其生长环境光照条件的能力,其中科拉蒂(Coratina)、克罗莱卡(Koroneiki)、鄂植(Ezhi 8)、莱星(Leccino)、城固(Chenggu)、阿斯(Ascolana Tenera)和佛奥(Frantoio)适生性较强,而软阿斯(Ascolana Tenera)、小苹果(Manzanilla)、中山24(Zhongshan 24)、皮瓜尔(Picual)和阿布桑娜(Arbosana)的适生性较弱。

十堰市7个油橄榄主栽品种果实品质综合评价

【目的】了解十堰市油橄榄主栽品种果实表型性状、含油率、脂肪酸组成成分等品质,筛选出最适宜十堰市发展的油橄榄主栽品种。【方法】以十堰市郧阳区7个油橄榄主栽品种为试验材料,分析测定单果质量、果纵径、果横径、果肉率、鲜果含油率、油酸含量、亚油酸含量等19个果实性状和营养成分指标,采用主成分分析法对果实品质进行分析和综合评价。【结果】不同品种油橄榄果实性状差异较大。单果质量0.86~4.41 g,单核质量0.17~0.84 g,果肉率79.50%~90.10%,果实纵径15.32~24.11 mm、果实横径9.98~17.99 mm,果形指数1.28~1.54,干物质含量33.60%~39.50%,蛋白质含量2.84%~8.13%,鲜果含油率12.28%~16.99%,不饱和脂肪酸含量82.07%~85.05%,油酸含量71.30%~77.80%,亚油酸含量3.12%~8.96%,亚麻酸含量1.08%~1.39%,棕榈烯酸含量1.11%~2.86%,顺-11-二十碳烯酸0.21%~0.37%,饱和脂肪酸含量15.00%~18.00%,棕榈酸含量12.50%~15.50%,硬脂酸含量1.34%~2.66%,花生酸含量0.26%~0.44%。油橄榄果实性状间共有19组性状存在显著或极显著相关性,其中表型性状指标间相关性较高,而脂肪酸组成成分间性状相关性较低。主成分分析抽提出特征值大于1的4个主成分,4个主成分特征值累积贡献率为93.225%,由此可将油橄榄鲜果19个果实性状指标简化归纳为表型因子、油品成分因子、饱和脂肪酸因子和产油因子。最后根据隶属函数算法求出十堰市7个油橄榄主栽品种综合评价值,得分在0.3066~0.7504;综合评价由高到低的品种分别是‘鄂植8号’‘莱星’‘皮削利’‘皮瓜尔’‘柯基’‘城固32’‘云台’。【结论】‘鄂植8号’‘莱星’‘皮削利’‘皮瓜尔’果实综合性状表现相对较好,可作为重点品种在当地推广培育。

武都地区初榨橄榄油酚类和脂肪酸组成对油脂氧化稳定性研究

对武都地区的白橄榄(U)、恩帕特雷(E)、奇迹(K)、阿斯(As)、中山24(Z)、云台14(Y)、皮瓜尔(P)、豆果(Arbe)、小苹果(M)、鄂植8(Ez)、阿尔伯萨拉(Arbo)、科拉蒂(C)、莱星(L)、佛奥(F)这14个品种初榨橄榄油的脂肪酸、酚类成分及油脂氧化稳定性进行检测和分析,单因素方差分析表明:品种间多酚和脂肪酸含量及油脂氧化稳定性存在显著性差异(p<0.05)。所有分析样品的脂肪酸组成均符合欧盟特级初榨橄榄油标准,初榨橄榄油中油酸质量分数在(56.12±0.24)%(豆果)和(71.45±0.42)%(科拉蒂)之间,亚油酸质量分数在(5.73±0.06)%(皮瓜尔)和(15.80±0.05)%(阿斯)之间,棕榈酸质量分数在(12.67±0.12)%(科拉蒂)和(18.76±0.04)%(豆果)之间。裂环烯醚萜类是主要的酚类成分,总酚质量分数最高为奇迹,为(471.35±29.34)mg/kg,最低为豆果,仅(165.65±8.08)mg/kg。主成分分析表明:富含橄榄苦苷苷元、女贞子苷元、橄榄裂环烯醚萜、油酸、芹菜素的品种氧化稳定性越高,而富含棕榈酸、亚油酸、酪醇、羟基酪醇、刺激醛的品种氧化稳定性越低。基于芹菜素、橄榄裂环烯醚萜、木犀草素和亚油酸建立的多元线性逐步回归模型可以预测90.70%的油脂氧化稳定性变化(p<0.001)。

舟山海岛地区油橄榄引种表现及栽培技术

为丰富舟山海岛地区园林绿化、山体造林及油料树种,从甘肃引种17个油橄榄(Olea europaea L.)品种进行适应性试验,结合气候条件及土地概况等因素给出一套油橄榄在舟山海岛地区的栽培技术,综合植株成活率及株高、地径等生长指标及其差异分析,结果表明:‘金叶橄榄’(Golden leaves)成活率仅有86.6%,长势一般,是否适合舟山生长,还需要继续观察。‘科拉蒂’(Coratin)、‘莱星’(Leccino)、‘阿斯’(AscolanoTenera)、‘M2’‘M3’、‘切姆拉尔’(Chemlal de kabylie)成活率高,长势较好,较为适合舟山生长。‘配多灵’(Pendolino)次之,可持续跟进,暂定为舟山海岛适宜品种。

丽江干热河谷区6个引进油橄榄品种适应性评价

分析油橄榄(Olea europaea L.)品种在丽江干热河谷区生长和结实情况,为油橄榄品种的推广栽培提供理论依据。采用6个引进油橄榄品种‘坦彩’(Tanche)、‘柯基’(Koroneiki)、‘豆果’(Arbequina)、‘科拉蒂’(Coratina)、‘九峰6号’(Jiufeng-6)、‘城固32’(Chenggu-32)和1个对照品种‘鄂植8号’(Ezhi-8)进行对比试验,测定生长结实指标。结果表明:7个油橄榄品种生长指标(须根数、地径、新梢长度)增长顺序均为‘坦彩’>‘柯基’>‘豆果’>‘科拉蒂’>‘九峰6号’>‘城固32’>‘鄂植8号’。与CK处理相比,6个引进的油橄榄品种平均须根数、平均地径、平均新梢长度均增长6%以上;结实指标中平均单株鲜果产量、平均667 m^(2)产高低顺序均为‘坦彩’>‘柯基’>‘豆果’>‘科拉蒂’>‘鄂植8号’>‘九峰6号’>‘城固32’,与对照相比,‘坦彩’‘柯基’‘豆果’‘科拉蒂’4个引进的油橄榄品种平均单株鲜果产量和平均667 m^(2)产量均增长20%以上。说明,引进的6个油橄榄品种中,‘坦彩’‘柯基’‘豆果’‘科拉蒂’4个油橄榄品种在试验地生长性能和结实性能均较好,优于对照品种,适宜当地推广栽培。

云南油橄榄产业现状与发展对策

从云南油橄榄(Olea europaea L.)产业发展的战略出发,阐述了油橄榄产业发展的主要思路和做法,分析发展中存在的主要问题,提出了今后油橄榄产业发展对策建议。

油橄榄采穗圃2种营建模式比较

研究从采穗量、有效芽数量、采穗强度三方面对4个油橄榄(Olea europaea L.)品种的2种不同模式采穗圃进行分析比较,结果表明:‘豆果’萌发力最强,每667 m^(2)产穗量达4.4万条,多头矮密采穗圃平均每667 m^(2)产采穗量是篱状高密采穗圃的9倍,平均每667 m^(2)产有效芽是篱状高密采穗圃的2.82倍,采去全部枝条的有效芽量为留枝10%的1.6倍,说明采穗圃的营建应以多头矮密采穗圃(密植且拱形)为主,适宜在油橄榄采穗圃营建中推广。

9个中国选育油橄榄品种母系来源多样性研究

【目的】比较中国选育油橄榄品种与地中海油橄榄叶绿体基因组的多样性和亲缘关系,评估中国选育品种母系来源多样性,为中国油橄榄种质开发提供依据。【方法】基于本研究所测的9个中国选育油橄榄品种、7个伊朗种质和下载的52个地中海油橄榄种质的重测序数据,用NOVOPlasty组装叶绿体基因组,计算序列多态性;用GPA和RAxML-NG、Network 5.0等软件分别构建叶绿体基因组图谱、系统发育和单倍型网络关系。【结果】油橄榄叶绿体基因组在其四分体结构、基因数量上具有一致性;共检测到17个叶绿体单倍型,其中,中国选育油橄榄品种仅有1个单倍型,其多数为地中海栽培油橄榄共享;野生油橄榄序列多态性最高,其次为地中海栽培油橄榄和伊朗种质,而9个中国选育品种的多样性为0。系统发育和单倍型网络关系结果一致,中国选育品种与多数地中海栽培油橄榄、伊朗种质聚为一支。【结论】中国选育油橄榄品种母系来源多样性极低,后期需从更全面的油橄榄种质谱系选育适应中国生境的油橄榄品种。