A Radial Basis Function Method with Improved Accuracy for Fourth Order Boundary Value Problems

Accurately approximating higher order derivatives is an inherently difficult problem. It is shown that a random variable shape parameter strategy can improve the accuracy of approximating higher order derivatives with Radial Basis Function methods. The method is used to solve fourth order boundary value problems. The use and location of ghost points are examined in order to enforce the extra boundary conditions that are necessary to make a fourth-order problem well posed. The use of ghost points versus solving an overdetermined linear system via least squares is studied. For a general fourth-order boundary value problem, the recommended approach is to either use one of two novel sets of ghost centers introduced here or else to use a least squares approach. When using either ghost centers or least squares, the random variable shape parameter strategy results in significantly better accuracy than when a constant shape parameter is used.

Prognostic value of the echocardiographic right/left ventricular end-diastolic diameter ratio in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension

Background Previous studies have shown that an echocardiographic right/left ventricular end-diastolic diameter ratio(RV/LV ratio)≥0.9 is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in patients with acute pulmonary embolism. The prognostic value of the RV/LV ratio in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension(IPAH) is still unknown. Methods We retrospectively enrolled 95 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed IPAH and 16 of them were reevaluated by echocardiography at 3-12 months following targeted therapy.Follow-up data were obtained by telephone interviews and review of the patients’ records.Results The RV/LV ratio was in parallel with the severity of World Health Orgnization(WHO) functional class and mean right atrial pressure.The RV/LV ratio was positively correlated with total pulmonary resistance(P P P 2 saturation(P P = 0.001),weight and absence of targeted therapy were independent predictors of death.No significant changes in the RV/LV ratio before and after targeted therapy were observed. A baseline RV/LV ratio≥0.84 or a further increase in the RV/LV ratio during targeted therapy indicated a poor prognosis. Conclusions The RV/LV ratio helps to assess the severity of IPAH and serves as an independent predictor of prognosis in patients with IPAH.

The value of B7-H3 expression in expressed prostatic secretions in differential diagnosis of patients with inflammatory elevation of PSA in t-PSA gray zone

Objective To investigate the value of BT-H3 in expressed prostatic secretions ( EPS) in differential diagnosis of patients with inflammatory elevation of PSA in t - PSA gray zone ( 4 - 10 ng /ml) . Methods One hundred and sixteen patients from ages of 19 to 80 years ( mean,40 years) were studied. In the group there

Research on Nursing Effect of Individualized Nursing Intervention on Critically Ill Patients with Continuous Blood Purification

Objective:This paper aims to investigate the value of individualized care for critically ill patients receiving continuous blood purification therapy.Methods:89 cases of critically ill patients who were treated from June 2021 to June 2023 were randomly divided into groups,with individualized care in group A and routine care in group B.The differences in clinical indicators,purification effect,quality of life,and complications of blood purification were compared between the groups.Results:Heart rate,respiration,body temperature,and other indicators in group A were better than those in group B,P<0.05.C-reactive protein(CRP),β2-microglobulin(β2-MG),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),and phosphorus(P)in group A were lower than those in group B,P<0.05.Group A had higher quality of life than Group B,P<0.05.The complication rate of blood purification in Group A was lower than that in Group B,P<0.05.Conclusion:During continuous blood purification in critically ill patients,individualized nursing intervention can enhance the effect of blood purification,improve the physiological indicators of patients,and reduce the complications of blood purification,which is highly effective and feasible.

SOME PROBLEMS WITH THE METHOD OF FUNDAMENTAL SOLUTION USING RADIAL BASIS FUNCTIONS

The present work describes the application of the method of fundamental solutions （MFS） along with the analog equation method （AEM） and radial basis function （RBF） approximation for solving the 2D isotropic and anisotropic Helmholtz problems with different wave numbers. The AEM is used to convert the original governing equation into the classical Poisson＇s equation, and the MFS and RBF approximations are used to derive the homogeneous and particular solutions, respectively. Finally, the satisfaction of the solution consisting of the homogeneous and particular parts to the related governing equation and boundary conditions can produce a system of linear equations, which can be solved with the singular value decomposition （SVD） technique. In the computation, such crucial factors related to the MFS-RBF as the location of the virtual boundary, the differential and integrating strategies, and the variation of shape parameters in multi-quadric （MQ） are fully analyzed to provide useful reference.

Hospital management priorities and key factors affecting overall perception of patient safety: a cross-sectional study

Objective:Evaluating a staff’s perception of safety culture is a critical factor in hospital management,and the knowledge of value and efficiency in hospitals is still inadequate.This study aimed to investigate the perceptions of safety culture among medical staffs and determine priorities for clear and better management.Methods:A cross-sectional survey of 595 medical staff members was conducted at 2 ter tiary hospitals in Western China using a hospital survey on patient safety culture(HSOPSC)and its value and efficiency in the hospital.Results:The dimensions with a disadvantaged positive response were nonpunitive response to error(44.6%)and staffing(42.0%).Five dimensions can explain 37.7%of the variation in the overall perception of patient safety,and handoffs and transitions are the most important dimensions(standardized coefficients 0.295).Conclusions:Hospital managers should pay more attention to nonpunitive management and staffing.Handoffs and transitions are the most important areas of potential improvement in patient safety in hospitals.

Hepatitis C virus cure with direct acting antivirals: Clinical,economic, societal and patient value for China

About 10 million people in China are infected with hepatitis C virus(HCV),with the seroprevalence of anti-HCV in the general population estimated at 0.6%.Delaying effective treatment of chronic hepatitis C(CHC)is associated with liver disease progression,cirrhosis,hepatocellular carcinoma,and liver-related mortality.The extrahepatic manifestations of CHC further add to the disease burden of patients.Managing CHC-related advanced liver diseases and systemic manifestations are costly for both the healthcare system and society.Loss of work productivity due to reduced well-being and quality of life in CHC patients further compounds the economic burden of the disease.Traditionally,pegylatedinterferon plus ribavirin(PR)was the standard of care.However,a substantial number of patients are ineligible for PR treatment,and only 40%–75%achieved sustained virologic response.Furthermore,PR is associated with impairment of patient-reported outcomes(PROs),high rates of adverse events,and poor adherence.With the advent of direct acting antivirals(DAAs),the treatment of CHC patients has been revolutionized.DAAs have broader eligible patient populations,higher efficacy,better PRO profiles,fewer adverse events,and better adherence rates,thereby making it possible to cure a large proportion of all CHC patients.This article aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation on the value of effective,curative hepatitis C treatment from the clinical,economic,societal,and patient experience perspectives,with a focus on recent data from China,supplemented with other Asian and international experiences where China data are not available.

STRUCTURE OPTIMIZATION STRATEGY OF NORMALIZED RBF NETWORKS

Aimed at studying normali zed radial basis function network (NRBFN), this paper introduces the subtractiv e clustering based on a mountain function to construct the initial structure of NR BFN, adopts singular value decomposition (SVD) to analyze the relationship betwe en neural nodes of the hidden layer and singular values, cumulative contribution ratio, index vector, and optimizes the structure of NRBFN. Finally, simulation and performance comparison show that the algorithm is feasible and effective.

THE MESHLESS VIRTUAL BOUNDARY METHOD AND ITS APPLICATIONS TO 2D ELASTICITY PROBLEMS

A novel numerical method for eliminating the singular integral and boundary effect is processed. In the proposed method, the virtual boundaries corresponding to the numbers of the true boundary arguments are chosen to be as simple as possible. An indirect radial basis function network （IRBFN） constructed by functions resulting from the indeterminate integral is used to construct the approaching virtual source functions distributed along the virtual boundaries. By using the linear superposition method, the governing equations presented in the boundaries integral equations （BIE） can be established while the fundamental solutions to the problems are introduced. The singular value decomposition （SVD） method is used to solve the governing equations since an optimal solution in the least squares sense to the system equations is available. In addition, no elements are required, and the boundary conditions can be imposed easily because of the Kronecker delta function properties of the approaching functions. Three classical 2D elasticity problems have been examined to verify the performance of the method proposed. The results show that this method has faster convergence and higher accuracy than the conventional boundary type numerical methods.

Selection criteria for preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography before laparoscopic cholecystectomy and endoscopic treatment of bile duct stones:Results of a retrospective,single center study between 1996-2002

AIM: The optimal treatment for bile duct stones (in terms of cost, complications and accuracy) is unclear. The aim of our study was to determine the predictive factors for preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).METHODS: Patients undergoing preoperative ERCP (≤90 d before laparoscopic cholecystectomy) were evaluated in this retrospective study from the 1^st of January 1996 to the 31^st of December 2002. The indications for ERCP were elevated serum bilirubin, elevated liver function tests (LFT), dilated bile duct (≥8 mm) and/or stone at US examination, coexisting acute pancreatitis and/or acute pancreatitis or jaundice in patient's history. Suspected prognostic factors and the combination of factors were compared to the result of ERCRRESULTS: Two hundred and six preoperative ERCPs were performed during the observed period. The rate of successful cannulation for ERC was (97.1%). Bile duct stones were detected in 81 patients (39.3%), and successfully removed in 79 (97.5%). The number of prognostic factors correlated with the presence of bile duct stones. The positive predictive value for one prognostic factor was 1.2%, for two 43%,for three 72.5%, for four or more 91.4%.CONCLUSION: Based on our data preoperative ERCP is highly recommended in patients with three or more positive factors (high risk patients). In contrast, ERCP is not indicated in patients with zero or one factor (low risk patients).Preoperative ERCP should be offered to patients with two positive factors (moderate risk patients), however the practice should also be based on the local conditions (e.g.skill of the endoscopist, other diagnostic tools).

What can routh table offer in addition to stability?

Routh stability test is covered in almost all undergraduate control texts. It determines the stability or, a little beyond, the number of unstable roots of a polynomial in terms of the signs of certain entries of the Routh table constructed from the coefficients of the polynomial. The use of the Routh table, as far as the common textbooks show, is only limited to this function. We will show that the Routh table can actually be used to construct an orthonormal basis in the space of strictly proper rational functions with a common stable denominator. This orthonormal basis can then be used for many other purposes, including the computation of the H2 norm, the Hankel singular values and singular vectors, model reduction, H∞ optimization, etc. Keywords Routh stablity criterion - Orthonormal basis - Root-mean-squared value - Hankel operater - Nehari problem - Model reduction This work was supported by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council.

Jacobi-Sobolev Orthogonal Polynomialsand Spectral Methods for Elliptic Boundary Value Problems

Generalized Jacobi polynomials with indexes α,β∈ R are introduced and some basic properties are established. As examples of applications,the second- and fourth-order elliptic boundary value problems with Dirichlet or Robin boundary conditions are considered,and the generalized Jacobi spectral schemes are proposed. For the diagonalization of discrete systems,the Jacobi-Sobolev orthogonal basis functions are constructed,which allow the exact solutions and the approximate solutions to be represented in the forms of infinite and truncated Jacobi series. Error estimates are obtained and numerical results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness and the spectral accuracy.

Review of tourism resources valuation

Tourism resources valuation is now a hot issue of the science of tourism resources, resources economics and environmental economics. This paper reviews research progresss on tourism resources valuation, introduces its theoretic basis, and elaborates two classical valuation methods： TCM and CVM. And two existing problems are discussed Firstly, tourism resources value constitution system is still under dispute. This paper puts forward the Value constitution system based on present value categories. Secondly, tourism resources valuation methods need further studies because both TCM and CVM have deficiencies. Finally, the paper points out the development direction of tourism resources valuation.

Measuring quality of life in oculoplastic patients

AIM: To investigate if there is any published evidence of impaired quality of life in conditions which are corrected by oculoplastic surgery and whether there is proven benefit in the quality of life such procedures. ·METHODS: We searched a number of databases to determine the level of evidence available for common conditions amenable to oculoplastic surgery. Search terms concentrated on quality of life measures rather than anatomical correction of deformities. ·RESULTS: The level of evidence available for different conditions was very variable. Certain conditions had extensive research documenting reduction in quality of life,with some evidence for improvement after surgery. Some other common conditions had little or no evidence supporting of reduction in quality of life to support the need for surgery. ·CONCLUSION: The evidence is sparse for quality of life improvement after some of our most commonly performed procedures. Many of these procedures are now being identified by primary care trusts(PCTs) as of "low clinical value",and are no longer being routinely commissioned in certain parts of the UK. There is a need to address this lack of evidence to determine whether oculoplastic surgery should continue to be commissioned by PCTs.

叙事医学视角下肺癌患者治疗过程中心理体验的质性研究

目的基于叙事医学视角,探究肺癌患者治疗过程中的心理体验,为针对性护理干预提供参考。方法以叙事医学理念为指导,采用质性研究的现象学方法,对20例肺癌患者进行深度访谈,通过内容分析法对访谈资料进行分析提炼与总结。结果从叙事医学人文价值的角度出发,在20例肺癌患者的访谈内容中,提炼出患者对角色身份认同的丧失、疾病不确定感体验、对死亡的恐惧与期许以及对人生的无奈与感悟4个主题。结论肺癌患者治疗过程中存在角色身份认同丧失、疾病不确定感、恐惧死亡、希望有尊严地离去等负性心理体验,同时也存在对生命意义的思考及积极应对等积极感悟。

中国构建网络空间命运共同体的时代价值、理论依据和比较优势

网络空间命运共同体是人类命运共同体理念在网络空间的应有之义,也是习近平总书记关于网络强国重要思想的组成部分。中国倡议携手世界各国构建网络空间命运共同体有其理论和实践层面的时代价值,是对马克思关于世界历史理论和真正的共同体思想的继承和发展,也是对中华民族优秀传统“和合”文化的创造性转化和创新性发展。中国倡导构建网络空间命运共同体有其独特的比较优势,即新型举国体制的资源保障、以5G为代表的核心技术突破、全面建成小康社会奠定物质基础、新时代以来网民素质普遍提高和中国方案的科学合理性。

从衰减型课程范式转向生加型课程范式——课程多样化的一种探讨

现代中国的主流课程范式基本上是一种衰减型课程范式,进入新时代,应该致力于人类的升级,因而转向生加型课程范式。这种新的课程范式的观念基础主要包括:人性观念;自由发展观念;自化思想和自创生理论;正义观念。其主要价值包括:充分发挥各类有关人员的积极作用;充分实现人类生命的增值;大力促进人类生态的优化。向生加型课程范式转变的关键方略包括:形成前瞻性的课程理念;形成立体化的课程系统运行机制;构建生加型的课程框架;构建生加型的学习评价体系;提供相关的指导、支持和保障。

课程思政:理念、学理基础与价值凸显

课程思政概念蕴含专业教育与思政教育相结合理念,学理基础有三:“没有无教学的教育,也没有无教育的教学”,表明学生思想政治教育必须通过课程教育教学进行,教师教学中有意无意论及的对社会问题的认识实际对学生起着隐性教育作用,这是课程思政的生成逻辑;以哲学认识论为基础和以政治论为基础是高等教育也是高校课程确立其地位的两种途径,其对立统一关系表明实施课程思政是现代高校课程建设发展规律的反映;课程思政遵循高校思想政治教育工作高质量发展的全员全程全方位规律。明白价值凸现于有效巩固马克思主义在意识形态领域指导地位,有效满足大学生政治上健康成长发展需要,能增强实施课程思政的主动性、自觉性、创造性。

企业刑事合规的正当性根据及价值

在经济全球化背景下,有效预防企业犯罪是各国面临的一大难题。建立企业合规契合宽严相济的刑事政策、恢复性司法以及预防犯罪的刑罚目的,具有正当性根据。事前有效的企业合规可以阻却主观罪过,具有出罪价值,但效力只及于企业,不及于个人。合规出罪的途径主要是不起诉制度,应增设一种新的特殊裁量不起诉。事前或事后的企业合规反映涉罪企业再犯可能性较低,可以通过定罪免刑、从轻或减轻处罚以及缓刑制度从宽量刑。