ANTIBODY TO ONCOGENE PROTEIN PRODUCT AND ITS CONJUGATE WITH RICIN A-CHAIN

The proteins encoded by oncogene were thought to be tumor associated antigen. The protein P110 in MGC803, a human gastric cancer cell line, was purified as immunogen. The IgY to the gastric cancer was extracted from eggs laid by immunized hen. The IgY could react immunohistochemically with gastric cancers. Positive staining rates of PAF were 80% in gastric cancers and markedly higher than in cancers of other organs and normal gastric tissue. The IgY-Ricin A was synthesized by the IgY conjugated with Ricin A- chain. TCID50 of MGC803 treated by the IgY-Ricin A was 0. 01 mg/ml and markedly lower than other cell. These results showed the IgY-Ricin A were able to react with gastric cancers selectively.

Effect of phosphorylation of MAPK and Stat3 and expression of c-fos and c-jun proteins on hepatocarcinogenesis and their clinical significance

AIM To study the effect of phosphorylation ofMAPK and Stat3 and the expression of c-fos andc-jun proteins on hepatocellular carcinogenesisand their clinical significance.METHODS SP immunohistochemistry was usedto detect the expression of p42/44MAPK, p-Stat3,c-fos and c-jun proteins in 55 hepatocellularcarcinomas (HCC) and their surrounding livertissues.RESULTS The positive rates and expressionlevels of p42/44MAPK, p-Stat3, c-fos and c-junproteins in HCCs were significantly higher thanthose in pericarcinomatous liver tissues (PCLT).A positive correlation was observed between theexpression of p42/44MAPK and c-fos proteins, andbetween p-Stat3 and c-jun, but there was nosignificant correlation between p42/44MAPK and p-Stat3 in HCCs and their surrounding livertissues.CONCLUSION The abnormalities of Ras/Rat/MAPK and JAKs/ Stat3 cascade reaction maycontribute to malignant transformation ofhepatocytes. Hepatocytes which are positive forp42/ 44MAPK, c-fos or c-jun proteins may bepotential malignant pre-cancerous cells.Activation of MAPK and Stat3 proteins may be anearly event in hepatocellular carcinogenesis.

Expressions of oncogenes c-fos and c-myc in skin lesion of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

Objective:To explore the expressions of c-fos and c-myc in skin lesion of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma(CSCC).Methods:Using retrospective analysis.73 cases of CSCC were selected from Department of Dermatology,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University.which were removed between January 2000 and January 2012.It was considered as experimental group.Meanwhile.11 cases of normal skin specimens of non tumor patients were selected as control group.The expression level of c-fos and c-myc was compared in the two groups.Results:The expressions of c-fos[72.60%(53/73)]and c-myc[83.56%(61/73)]in experimental group were statistically significant(P≤0.05)compared with control group(0%).Expression of c-myc protein was negatively related to differentiation of CSCC.The difference was statistically significant(X^2=7.26.P=0.001<0.05).While expression of c-fos protein was positively related to differentiation of CSCC.which was statistically significant(X^2=7.47,P=0.0012<0.025).Conclusions:The expression level of c-fos and c-myc can be used as an importan indicator of CSCC differentiation,and it has closely connection with the differentiated degree,which can guide clinical prognosis.

PDRG1 at the interface between intermediary metabolism and oncogenesis

PDRG1 is a small oncogenic protein of 133 residues. In normal human tissues, the p53 and DNA damageregulated gene 1(PDRG1) gene exhibits maximal expression in the testis and minimal levels in the liver. Increased expression has been detected in several tumor cells and in response to genotoxic stress. High-throughput studies identified the PDRG1 protein in a variety of macromolecular complexes involved in processes that are altered in cancer cells. For example, this oncogene has been found as part of the RNA polymerase Ⅱ complex, the splicing machinery and nutrient sensing machinery, although its role in these complexes remains unclear. More recently, the PDRG1 protein was found as an interaction target for the catalytic subunits of methionine adenosyltransferases. These enzymes synthesize S-adenosylmethionine, the methyl donor for, among others, epigenetic methylations that occur on the DNA and histones. In fact, downregulation of S-adenosylmethionine synthesis is the first functional effect directly ascribed to PDRG1. The existence of global DNA hypomethylation, together with increased PDRG1 expression, in many tumor cells highlights the importance of this interaction as one of the putative underlying causes for cell transformation. Here, we will review the accumulated knowledge on this oncogene, emphasizing the numerous aspects that remain to be explored.

Effects of Okadaic Acid, Retinoic Acid, and Phorbol Myristate Acetate Tumor Promoter on Oncogene Expression

The effect of okadaic acid (OA) on proto-oncogene protein expression of c-neu, c-myc, v-rasH, EGFR, and phosphotyrosine-containing phosphoproteins (P-Tyr) was investigated in rapidly growing (RG) normal human keratinocytes (NHK) and in SV-40 virally-transformed keratinocytes (SVK) cultured in a growth factor supplemented serum-free medium as assessed by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy. P-Tyr positively stains cell surface antigens (cytoplasm) diffusely at monopolar sites in RG NHK cultures. OA-treatment intensifies cytoplasmic P-Tyr staining at localized monopolar intercellular focal adhesion (IFA) sites with reduced cytoplasmic staining. P-Tyr expression was predominate at IFA sites with little cytoplasmic staining in RG SVK cultures. OA-treatment increased monopolar P-Tyr staining and cytoplasmic staining. OA-treatment in RG NHK cultures intensified cytoplasmic staining of c-myc and EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) expression. OA-treatment in RG NHK and SVK cultures intensified c-neu staining at monopolar IFA sites and intensified c-neu staining at both cytoplasmic and bipolar IFA sites in RG SVK cells. OA was especially cytotoxic for SVK cells. RA treatment decreased c-neu expression in RG NHK cultures while TPA treatment has a lesser effect on both cytoplasmic and IFA sites. RA treatment also decreased P-Tyr staining in both NHK and SVK cells. Again, TPA had a lesser inhibitory effect on P-Tyr staining pattern. RA-treatment had a similar effect on P-Tyr staining of RG cultures of a mouse fibroblast cell line. These results confirm the generality of OA, RA and TPA on the regulation of oncogene expression in both normal and malignantly transformed keratinocytes.

Downregulation of the Spi-1/PU.1 oncogene induces the expression of TRIM10/HERF1, a key factor required for terminal erythroid cell differentiation and survival

Spi-1/PU.1 和 Fli-1 oncoproteins 的持续表示在老鼠 erythroleukemia 房间堵住 globin 基因激活；然而，仅仅 Spi-1/PU.1 表示禁止 exon 的包括 16 在成熟 4.1R mRNA。这个拼接的事件为红血房间膜正直为功能的 4.1R 蛋白质并且，因此是关键的。这份报告证明 Spi-1/PU.1 downregulation 导致 TRIM10/hematopoietic 戒指手指 1 的激活(HERF1 ) ，分成三部分的主题(修剪) 的一个成员为 globin 基因抄写需要的 /RBCC 蛋白质家庭。另外，我们证明 TRIM10/HERF1 为 exon 拼接调整被要求 16 在迟了的 erythroid 区别期间。用可诱导的 overexpression 和 silencing 途径，我们发现了那：(1 ) TRIM10/HERF1 击倒在导致的 dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO ) 禁止拼接的血红素生产和 exon 和扳机房间 apoptosis 房间；(2 ) TRIM10/HERF1 upregulation 被要求，但是在它的自己上是不够的激活 exon 保留；(3 ) Fli-1 没在 TRIM10/HERF1 表示上有效果，而也导致 DMSO 的 downregulation 或 Spi-1/PU.1 shRNA 击倒表示是足够的激活 TRIM10/HERF1 表示；并且(4 ) Spi-1/PU.1 击倒的扳机抄写和拼接的事件独立于化学正式就职。总的来说，这些数据显示主要 Spi-1/PU.1 downregulation 通过至少二条小径，其一条要求 TRIM10/HERF1 upregulation 和平行对迟了的 erythroid 区别起作用 Spi-1/PU.1-induced Fli-1 用以遮闭之物规章的串联。

Polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformational polymorphism analysis of rearranged during transfection proto-oncogene in Chinese familial hirschsprung's disease

AIM: To investigate the relationship between mutations of rearranged during transfection (RET) proto-oncogene and Chinese patients with Hirschsprung's disease (HD), and to elucidate the genetic mechanism of familial HD patient at the molecular level.METHODS: Genomic DNA was extracted from venous blood of probands and their relatives in two genealogies.Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products, which were amplified using specific primers (RET, exons 11, 13, 15and 17), were electrophoresed to analyze the single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) patterns. The positive amplified products were sequenced. Forty-eight sporadic HD patients and 30 normal children were screened for mutations of RET proto-oncogene simultaneously.RESULTS: Three cases with HD in one family were found to have a G heterozygous insertion at nucleotide 18 974 in exon 13 of RET cDNA (18 974insG), which resulted in a frameshift mutation. In another family, a heterozygosity for T to G transition at nucleotide 18 888 in the same exon which resulted in a synonymous mutation of Leu at codon 745 was detected in the proband and his father. Eight RET mutations were confirmed in 48 sporadic HD patients.CONCLUSION: Mutations of RET proto-oncogene may play an important role in the pathogenesis of Chinese patients with HD. Detection of mutated RET proto-oncogene carriers may be used for genetic counseling of potential risk for HD in the affected families.

Specific effects of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinaseinteracting protein 1 in neuronal axons

c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase（JNK）-interacting protein 3 plays an important role in brain-derived neurotrophic factor/tropomyosin-related kinase B（Trk B） anterograde axonal transport. It remains unclear whether JNK-interacting protein 1 mediates similar effects, or whether JNK-interacting protein 1 affects the regulation of Trk B anterograde axonal transport. In this study, we isolated rat embryonic hippocampus and cultured hippocampal neurons in vitro. Coimmunoprecipitation results demonstrated that JNK-interacting protein 1 formed Trk B complexes in vitro and in vivo. Immunocytochemistry results showed that when JNK-interacting protein 1 was highly expressed, the distribution of Trk B gradually increased in axon terminals. However, the distribution of Trk B reduced in axon terminals after knocking out JNK-interacting protein 1. In addition, there were differences in distribution of Trk B after JNK-interacting protein 1 was knocked out compared with not. However, knockout of JNK-interacting protein 1 did not affect the distribution of Trk B in dendrites. These findings confirm that JNK-interacting protein 1 can interact with Trk B in neuronal cells, and can regulate the transport of Trk B in axons, but not in dendrites.

Disorder structural predictions of the native EWS and its oncogenic fusion proteins in rapport with the function

The Intrinsic structural disorder (ISD) of native EWS and its fusion oncogenic proteins, including EWS/FliI, EWS/ATF1 and EWS/ZSG, was estimated by different Predictors. The ISD difference between the wild type and the oncogenic fusions found in the CTD is due to the fusion partner, usually a transcription factor (TF). A disordered region was found in the sequence (AA 132 - 156) of the NTD (EAD) of EWS, consisting of the longest region free of Y motifs. The IQ domain (AA 258 - 280), a Y-free region, flanked by two Y-boxes, is also disordered by all used Predictors. The EWS functional regions RGG1, RGG2 and RGG3 are predominantly disordered. A strong dependence was found between the structure of EWS protein and its oncogenic fusions, and their estimated ISD. The oncogenic function of the fusions is related to a decreased ISD in the CTD, due to the fused TF. The Predictors shown that the different isoforms have similar profiles, shifted with some amino acids, due to the translocations. On the bases of the prediction results, an analysis was made of the EWS sequence and its functional regions with increased ISD to make a relationship sequence-disorder-function that could be helpful in the design of antitumor agents against the corresponding malignances.

Eosinophil MBP Extract Modulates Oncogene Expression in Prostate Tumor Cells: A Preliminary Study with Monolayer Cultures

Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States and remains a significant health concern for men throughout the world. Despite the discovery of promising immunotherapeutic strategies, curative outcomes remain elusive. We have investigated eosinophils as potential anti-cancer effector cells, and have reported the ability of their toxic granular proteins (MBP, EPO, ECP, EDN) to inhibit prostate tumor cell growth?in vitro. This study investigates the effect of eosinophil MBP extract on the expression of oncogenes p53, bcl-xl, bax, and c-myc, which modulate tumor growth, proliferation, and apoptosis. Briefly, granular proteins were differentially extracted from GRC.014.22 and GRC.014.24, eosinophilic cell lines established in our laboratory from a patient with moderate asthma. Protein extracts were fractionated on Sephadex G-50 columns, and prostate tumor cell lines DU-145, LNCaP, PC-3, and HPC8L (established in our laboratory from a tumor resected from an African American patient) were treated with MBP extracts from the pooled third peaks. Colony formation and monolayer cell growth inhibition assays were used to evaluate the protein’s growth inhibitory activity against prostate tumor cells;and gene expression analyses, to determine p53, bcl-xl, bax, and c-myc oncogene expression. We show that the granular proteins were potent in their action on HPC8L, inhibiting colony formation in a dose-dependent manner. Treated prostate tumor cell lines trended toward apoptosis-induction, as evident in bcl-xl/bax ratios < 1, increased p53 expression, and up or downregulation of c-myc. These preliminary results demonstrate the growth inhibitory potential of eosinophil granular proteins and strongly support the hypothesis that eosinophils modulate the expression of oncogenes associated with prostate tumor proliferation and apoptosis. More importantly, this study offers insights into possible applications of eosinophilic mediators in oncogenic-targeted prostate cancer treatment strategies and demonstrates the potential therapeutic implications of enhancing eosinophilic activity in prostate cancer.

Effect of different therapies of Chinese medicine on the expressions of c-Fos and c-Jun proteins in hippocampus of rats with post-stroke depression

BACKGROUND ： c-fos and c-jun, the important immediate early genes （IEG）, are regarded as the markers for the location and function of neuronal activity, as well as the third signal messengers, they couple the stress stimulation and the gene expression in neuron, and hippocampus is involved in the process of signal transmission after stress stimulation induced depression. OBJECTIVE： To observe the therapeutic effects of Bushen Yiqi （tonifying kidney to benefit qi）, Huoxue Huayu （promoting blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis） and Ditan Kaiqiao （eliminating phlegm for resuscitation） on the expressions of c-Fos and c-Jun proteins in hippocampus and spontaneous behaviors of rats with post-stroke depression （PSD）, and compare the results with those of fluoxetine, which is known to have definite effect on depression. DESIGN： A randomized controlled tna SETTING ： Zhejiang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine MATERIALS ： The trial was completed in Zhejiang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January to July in 2003. Fifty-six healthy adult Wistar male rats of clean grade, weighing （250±50） g, were randomly divided into 7 groups with 8 rats in each group： control group, model group, forced swimming group, Bushen Yiqi group; Huoxue Huayu, Ditan Kaiqiao group and fluoxetine group. The Bushen Yiqi Tang contained Renshen, Huangqi, Heshouwu, Gouqi, Shudi, etc., crude drugs 1 800 g/L. The Huoxue Huayu Tang contained Danshen, Chuanxiong, Chishao, Yujin, etc., crude drugs 3 600 g/L. The Ditan Kaiqiao Tang contained Banxia, Danxing, Changpu, Yuanzhi, etc., crude drug 1 000 g/b METHODS： ① Except the control group and forced swimming group, rats in the other groups were made into PSD models by deligating the bilateral common carotid artedes permanently. ② Rats in the control group, model group and forced swimming group were intragastncally perfused by saline （3 mL for each time）; those in the Bushen Yiqi group, Huoxue Huayu, Ditan Kaiqiao group and fluoxetine group were intragastncally perfused with Bushen Yiqi Tang （18 g/kg）, Huoxue Huayu Tang （9 g/kg）, Ditan Kaiqiao Tang （9 g/kg） and fluoxetine （2.5 mg/kg） respectively, once a day. ③ At 55 days after model establishment, rats in the forced swimming group were managed according to the Porsolt＇s method. They were placed in water for 15 minutes, and then taken out and dned, no moving-time within 5 minutes was recorded at drying and 24 hours after drying. ④ Measurement of spontaneous behaviors： Except the forced swimming group, the spontaneous behaviors and activities （including horizontal and vertical movements） of rats were observed with the Open-Field method at 28, 42 and 56 days after administration in the other groups. ⑤ The expressions of c-Fos and coJun proteins in hippocampus were determined with the immunohistochemical method, the relative sectional area ratio and average objective gray value of c-Fos and c-Jun positive cells in hip- pocampus were measured with the computerized image analytical system. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The spontaneous behaviors of rats, the relative sectional area ratio and average objective gray value of c-Fos and c-Jun positive cells in hippocampus were observed. RESULTS： Of the 56 rats, 1 died in the forced swimming group, and finally 55 rats were involved in the analysis of results. ① Results of spontaneous activities： At 28 days, the times of crossing movements were obviously fewer in the model group and fluoxetine group [（69.00±37.01）, （98.11 ±36.68） times/3 minutes] than in the control group [（128.44±16.85） times/3 minutes, P 〈 0.01, 0.05], but those in the Bushen Yiqi group, Huoxue Quyu group and Ditan Kaiqiao group had no obvious differences as compared with those in the control group （P 〉 0.05）. At 42 and 56 days, the times of crossing movements were obviously more in the Bushen Yiqi group, Huoxue Quyu group and Ditan Kaiqiao group [（106.44±31.24）, （117.20±23.95）, （134.80±28.18）, （136.36±40.95） times/3 minutes; （117.33±35.91）, （129.60 ±23.78）, （131.90 ±26.81）, （136.09±28.34） times/3 minutes] than in the model group [（64.00±17.51）, （72.86±20.68） times/3 minutes, P 〈 0.01]. The times of rearing movements had no obvious differences among the groups for the three times （P 〉 0.05）. ② The no moving-time within 5 minutes 24 hours after drying was obviously longer than that at drying in the forced swimming group. ③ The average objective gray values of c-Fos positive cells were not obviously different in the Bushen Yiqi group and Ditan Kaiqiao group from the control group （P 〉 0.05）, but lower in the model group than in the control group （69.84±9.82, 75.78±5.89, P 〈 0.01）, and higher in the forced swimming group than in the control group （85.97±10.99, P 〈 0.01）; all higher in the fluoxetine group, Bushen Yiqi group, Huoxue Quyu group and Ditan Kaiqiao group than in the model group （81.27±10.73, 74.04±8.34, 83.29±9.89, 70.14±4.92, P 〈 0.05-0.01）. The average objective gray values of c-Jun positive cells were obviously lower in the Bushen Yiqi group than in the control group （68.11 ±6.89, 79.58±5.86, P 〈 0.01）, but all higher in the other groups than in the control group （84.68±7.15, 81.34 ±8.36, 97.51±10.55, 85.68±9.25, 86.19±10.98, P 〈 0.05-0.01）; Those were obviously higher in the fluoxetine group, Huoxue Quyu group and Ditan Kaiqiao group than in the model group （P 〈 0.05-0.01 ）, lower in the Bushen Yiqi group than in the model group （P 〈 0.05）, all obviously lower in the Bushen Yiqi group, Huoxue Quyu group and Ditan Kaiqiao group than in the fluoxetine group （P 〈 0.01）. The relative sectional area ratios of c-Fos and c-Jun positive cells had no obvious differences among the groups （P 〉 0.05）. CONCLUSION ： The methods of Bushen Yiqi, Huoxue Quyu and Ditan Kaiqiao can effectively treat PSD in rats, and the results were equivalent with those of fluoxetine, the actions of the above-mentioned drugs may correlated with their regulation to c-Fos and c-Jun expressions in hippocampus. PSD animal models can be successfully established by both permanent deligation of bilateral common carotid arteries and forced swimming, and the models induced by the former has similar basic cerebrovascular lesions as human stroke in clinic.

毛兰素通过JNK/c-Jun信号通路对2型糖尿病大鼠肝脏损伤的保护作用机制研究

目的基于c-Jun氨基末端激酶(JNK)/c-Jun信号通路对氧化应激反应的调控作用,研究毛兰素对2型糖尿病大鼠肝脏损伤的保护作用。方法于2021年10月至2022年2月腹腔注射链脲佐菌素构建糖尿病大鼠模型,将造模成功大鼠分为模型组、毛兰素低剂量组(10 mg/kg)、毛兰素高剂量组(40 mg/kg),及罗格列酮组(1.25 mg/kg)、毛兰素(40 mg/kg)+JNK激活组(5 mg/kg),每组10只,另取正常饲养大鼠10只作为对照组。连续给药6周后,通过血糖仪和胰岛素放射免疫分析试剂盒检测空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)水平,计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)及胰岛素敏感指数(ISI);天平称取大鼠体质量和肝质量,计算肝脏指数;试剂盒检测丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量;HE染色观察肝脏组织病理学变化;western blotting法检测肝脏组织中JNK/c-Jun信号通路相关蛋白表达。结果与对照组相比,模型组肝脏指数[(4.26±0.12)g/100 g比(2.24±0.09)g/100 g]、FBG[(21.49±1.78)mmol/L比(5.14±0.45)mmol/L]、FINS[(80.17±6.38)mmol/L比(22.35±2.04)mmol/L]、HOMA-IR[(76.46±6.56)比(5.11±1.12)]、ALT[(138.71±10.21)U/L比(70.29±5.54)U/L]和AST活性[(77.21±5.08)U/L比(40.38±3.27)U/L]、MDA含量[(13.45±1.34)nmol/mg prot比(3.72±0.87)nmol/mg prot]、JNK/c-Jun信号通路相关蛋白表达均明显升高(P<0.05),体质量、ISI[(−7.45±0.18)比(−4.74±0.11)]、SOD[(100.79±11.22)U/mg prot比(223.46±19.86)U/mg prot]和GSH-Px活性[(24.42±1.74)U/mg prot比(56.79±3.18)U/mg prot]明显降低(P<0.05),且肝脏组织病理损伤较为严重;与模型组相比,毛兰素低剂量组、毛兰素高剂量组和罗格列酮组肝脏指数、FBG、FINS、HOMA-IR、ALT和AST活性、MDA含量、JNK/c-Jun信号通路相关蛋白表达均明显降低(P<0.05),体质量、ISI、SOD和GSH-Px活性明显升高(P<0.05),减轻肝脏损伤程度;与毛兰素高剂量组相比,毛兰素低剂量组、毛兰素+JNK激活组肝脏指数、FBG、FINS、HOMA-IR、ALT和AST活性、MDA含量、JNK/c-Jun信号通路相关蛋白表达均明显升高(P<0.05),体质量、ISI、SOD和GSH-Px活性明显降低(P<0.05),肝脏损伤恢复缓慢。结论毛兰素可通过调控JNK/c-Jun信号通路,抑制JNK/c-Jun通路蛋白表达,从而缓解氧化应激反应,改善糖尿病大鼠肝脏损伤。

西藏地区结直肠癌免疫治疗和靶向治疗相关分子标志物的检测及意义

目的研究西藏地区结直肠癌中SWI/SNF相关、基质相关、肌动蛋白依赖性染色质调节因子A亚科成员4(SMARCA4)/Brahma相关基因1、V-raf鼠类肉瘤病毒癌基因同源物B(BRAF)、P53、程序性死亡受体1(PD-1)及程序性死亡配体1(PD-L1)免疫组织化学表达和BRAF、神经营养因子酪氨酸受体激酶(NTRK)基因改变情况,为西藏地区结直肠癌患者的靶向治疗及免疫治疗提供依据。方法收集2015年1月至2021年7月西藏自治区人民医院经手术切除病理确诊为结直肠癌病例64例,全部病例均进行SMARCA4、BRAF、P53、PD-1、PD-L1免疫组织化学染色和NTRK1、NTRK2、NTRK3融合基因荧光原位杂交检测及BRAF V600E基因突变PCR检测。结果64例结直肠癌病例男女比例1.21∶1,平均年龄(56.59±13.27)岁;46例(71.88%)位于结肠,18例(28.12%)位于直肠;60例(93.75%)为腺癌,4例(6.25%)为其他类型;11例(17.19%)为T1或T2期,53例(82.81%)为T3或T4期;24例(37.50%)出现淋巴结转移。免疫组织化学方面,64例中1例(1.56%)SMARCA4部分肿瘤细胞表达减弱或缺失,4例(6.25%)BRAF肿瘤细胞阳性表达,35例(54.69%)P53为突变型表达;45例(70.31%)PD-1肿瘤相关免疫细胞阳性比例分数<10%,19例(29.69%)≥10%;52例(81.25%)PD-L1联合阳性分数<10,12例(18.75%)≥10。64例NTRK1、NTRK2、NTRK3融合基因检测均为阴性;4例(6.25%)检测到BRAF V600E基因突变;1例SMARCA4表达缺失病例未检测到SMARCA4基因改变。PD-L1的表达与错配修复缺陷/高度微卫星不稳定和PD-1的高表达呈显著正相关(χ^(2)=10.223,P=0.001;χ^(2)=11.979,P=0.001)。结论西藏地区结直肠癌中较少出现SMARCA4表达减弱或缺失及NTRK融合基因改变,少数病例有BRAF V600E基因突变,Pan-TRK和BRAF免疫组织化学可作为NTRK融合基因及BRAF基因突变的初筛方法。错配修复缺陷/高度微卫星不稳定的病例中更容易出现PD-L1蛋白高表达,这部分患者有望获益于免疫治疗。P53突变与PD-L1表达无相关性,PD-1的高表达和PD-L1的高表达呈正相关。

虎杖苷调节Akt/MDM2/p53信号通路对胆囊癌细胞增殖、迁移和细胞周期的影响

目的探讨虎杖苷(PD)调节蛋白激酶B/原癌基因MDM2/抑癌基因p53信号通路对胆囊癌细胞增殖、迁移和细胞周期的影响。方法以人胆囊癌细胞株(GBC-SD)为研究对象,体外培养人胆囊癌细胞株(GBC-SD),使用浓度为10~160 mmol/L的虎杖苷处理细胞24、48、72 h,采用CCK-8法检测细胞的增殖能力,确定最佳实验浓度。将GBC-SD细胞分为对照组(Control组)、虎杖苷低、中、高浓度组(PD-L组、PD-M组、PD-H组)、虎杖苷+Akt激活剂组(PD+SC79组),Transwell小室法评价细胞的迁移能力,Hoechst染色观察细胞的凋亡,流式细胞术检测细胞周期与细胞凋亡,Western blot检测Akt、MDM2、p53磷酸化水平,建立荷瘤小鼠模型评价虎杖苷对胆囊癌肿瘤生长的影响。结果浓度为10~160 mmol/L的虎杖苷处理细胞24 h,可显著抑制GBC-SD细胞的增殖活性,选择10、20、40 mmol/L的虎杖苷进行后续实验;与Control组比较,PD-L组、PD-M组、PD-H组GBC-SD细胞的迁移数、细胞凋亡率、G2/M期细胞比例及S期细胞比例、P-Akt、P-MDM2蛋白表达显著降低,G0/G1期细胞比例、P-p53蛋白表达显著升高,且呈浓度依赖性(P<0.05);与PD-H组比较,PD+SC79组GBC-SD细胞的迁移数、细胞凋亡率、G2/M期细胞比例及S期细胞比例、P-Akt、P-MDM2蛋白表达显著升高,G0/G1期细胞比例、P-p53蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.05);虎杖苷干预治疗后,小鼠移植瘤的生长速度显著降低(P<0.05)。结论虎杖苷可以通过调节Akt/MDM2/p53信号通路使细胞周期阻滞,抑制胆囊癌细胞增殖、迁移。

子宫颈癌中癌基因产物c-Fos、c-Jun的表达及意义

目的 :探讨癌基因c fos、c jun表达产物与子宫颈癌的发生 ,发展及预后的关系。方法 :用免疫组化SABC法 ,以兔抗c fos、c jun抗体标记 6 0例子宫颈癌和 30例子宫颈上皮不典型增生 ,观察其分化程度和组织学类型 ,子宫颈癌的表达及阳性率比较。结果 :c fos、c jun阳性反应见于不典型增生上皮和子宫颈癌组织 ,不典型增生上皮c fos、c jun阳性率分别为 70 0 %和 5 0 0 %癌组织为 5 6 6 %和 4 8 3% ;在子宫颈癌表达的阳性率与癌组织分化程度和组织学类型有关 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :提示c fos、c

新生鼠缺氧缺血再灌注后海马c-Fos,c-Jun的表达与神经保护

目的 :探讨新生鼠缺氧缺血再灌注后c fos,c jun表达与神经元损伤后存活的关系 .方法 :7日龄SD鼠 ,经弹性管穿线阻断右颈总动脉 3h ,予低氧 1h ;制备成缺氧缺血脑损伤 (HIBD)模型 .后施以不同时期的再灌注 ,彩色多普勒监测血流 .用免疫组织化学的方法 ,观察c fos,c jun在仔鼠HIBD后不同再灌注时间点海马的表达变化 .Thionin染色观察神经元的凋亡 .结果 :HIBD组右侧海马c fos,c jun 6h达高峰 ,2 4h稍降 ,4 8h又升高 ,7d后显著降低但仍明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) .对照组c fos,c jun有极少数表达 .Thion in染色发现 :CA1区锥体细胞在HIBD再灌注 2 4h后神经元有明显凋亡 (P <0 0 1) ,但 7d后细胞凋亡无统计学意义(P >0 0 5 ) ,CA3,DG区神经元也保持形态上的完好 .对照组海马各区仅极少数神经元凋亡 .结论 :c Fos,c

灯盏花素对高糖环境肾系膜细胞c-fos、c-jun蛋白表达的影响

目的 观察高葡萄糖环境中 ,蛋白激酶C(PKC)抑制剂灯盏花素对肾小球系膜细胞 (GMC)c fos、c jun蛋白表达和Ⅳ型胶原 (C Ⅳ )合成的影响 ,探索糖尿病肾病防治的新途径。方法 原代培养大鼠GMC ,分别置于正常葡萄糖 (对照组 )、高葡萄糖 (高糖组 )和高葡萄糖加灯盏花素 (高糖加灯盏花素组 )环境中 ,观察干预 2 4h、4 8h和 1wk后GMCc fos、c jun蛋白表达、C Ⅳ合成和PKC活性的变化。结果 与对照组比较 ,高糖组干预 2 4h后c fos、c jun蛋白表达同时明显增高 ,4 8h后c fos开始下降 ,而c jun 1wk后仍保持高水平 ,高糖组C Ⅳ合成 1wk后增加 ,各观察时点PKC活性均较对照组明显增高 ;而高糖加灯盏花素组各时点c fos、c jun蛋白表达、C Ⅳ合成和PKC活性均低于高糖组。结论 高葡萄糖可促使GMC中c fos、c jun蛋白表达和C Ⅳ合成增加 ,此可能为PKC活化所介导 ,灯盏花素可通过抑制PKC活化而有效阻止高葡萄糖引起的上述变化。

肝细胞癌及其癌旁肝组织中MAPK磷酸化与c-fos和c-jun蛋白表达的关系

目的 :研究MAPK磷酸化与c fos和c jun蛋白表达在HCC发生中的作用。 方法 :利用S P免疫组织化学技术检测 5 5例HCC及其癌旁肝组织中p MAPK、c fos和c jun蛋白的表达。 结果 :p MAPK蛋白的阳性表达主要位于细胞核 ;c fos和c jun蛋白呈核型和 (或 )核浆型 ;HCC中 ,p MAPK、c fos和c jun蛋白的阳性率和阳性表达强度均高于癌旁肝组织 (P <0 0 1) ,p MAPK表达与c fos和c jun蛋白表达强度呈明显正相关 ,癌旁肝组织中 p MAPK与c fos蛋白表达亦呈正相关。 结论 :MAPK信号传导级联异常可能主要在HCC发生的早期起作用 ;癌旁呈 p MAPK、c fos或c

K_(ATP)通道开放剂对新生大鼠缺氧缺血后大脑μ-calpain活化、c-Fos和c-Jun表达的影响

目的 :探讨ATP敏感钾通道 (KATP)开放剂二氮嗪 (diazoxide)对新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤 (HIBI)后皮层和海马 μ -calpain活化、c -fos和c -jun蛋白 (c -Fos ,c -Jun)表达的影响。 方法 :采用新生 7d龄SD大鼠复制HIBI模型 ,分别在缺氧缺血 (HI)前、后侧脑室注射diazoxide 5μL(1g/L)。采用Westernblot法检测皮层和海马HI后4hc -Fos和c -Jun蛋白条带的积分光度值 (ID)及 2 4hμ -calpain两个活性片段 (76/ 80kD)的ID比值。 结果 :HI对照组皮层和海马c -Fos和c -Jun的ID值显著高于正常对照组 ;HI前给药组显著低于HI对照组 (P <0 0 1) ;HI后给药组也较HI对照组低 (P <0 0 5)。HI前、后给药均能抑制HI后 μ -calpain的裂解 ,降低两个活性片段的比值。 结论 :KATP通道开放剂diazoxide可能通过降低c -Fos和c -Jun的表达、抑制 μ -calpain的活化 。

运动对c-Jun氨基末端激酶影响研究进展

c-Jun氨基末端激酶（c-Jun N-terminal kinase,JNK）家族是1990年被发现的丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（mito-gen-activated protein kinase,MAPK）超家族成员之一,涉及多种生理过程,在细胞分化、细胞凋亡、应激反应中起着至关重要的作用。JNK也参与了许多病理过程，可能介导了病理性心脏肥大反应、高血糖引起的血管内皮细胞凋亡、胰岛素抵抗、胰岛β细胞凋亡、神经萎缩和多种人类肿瘤的发生发展。JNK信号通路已成为近年来研究的热点。