During the last years increasing evidence implies that human cytomegalovirus(CMV) can be attributed to human malignancies arising from numerous tissues. In this perspective, we will review and discuss the potential me...During the last years increasing evidence implies that human cytomegalovirus(CMV) can be attributed to human malignancies arising from numerous tissues. In this perspective, we will review and discuss the potential mechanisms through which CMV infection may contribute to brain tumors by affecting tumor cell initiation, progression and metastasis formation. Recent evidence also suggests that anti-CMV treatment results in impaired tumor growth of CMV positive xenografts in animal models and potentially increased survival in CMV positive glioblastoma patients. Based on these observations and the high tumor promoting capacity of this virus, the classical and novel antiviral therapies against CMV should be revisited as they may represent a great promise for halting tumor progression and lower cancer deaths.展开更多
Oncovirus infection is crucial in human malignancies.Certain oncoviruses can lead to structural variations in the human genome known as viral genomic integration,which can contribute to tumorigenesis.Existing viral in...Oncovirus infection is crucial in human malignancies.Certain oncoviruses can lead to structural variations in the human genome known as viral genomic integration,which can contribute to tumorigenesis.Existing viral integration detection tools differ in their underlying algorithms pinpointing different aspects or features of viral integration phenomenon.We discuss about major procedures in performing viral integration detection.More importantly,we provide a technical update on Virus-Clip to facilitate its usage on the latest human genome builds(hg19 and hg38)and the adoption of multi-thread mode for faster initial read alignment.By comparing the execution of Virus-Clip using single-thread and multi-thread modes of read alignment on targeted-panel sequencing data of HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma patients,we demonstrate the marked improvement of multi-thread mode in terms of significantly reduced execution time,while there is negligible difference in memory usage.Taken together,with the current update of Virus-Clip,it will continue supporting the in silico detection of oncoviral integration for better understanding of various human malignancies.展开更多
It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epid...It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.展开更多
超过12%的人类肿瘤与病毒密切相关,如Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)、high-risk human papillomaviruses(HPV)、hepatitis B virus(HBV)、hepatitis C virus(HCV)、Kaposi’s sarcoma herpesvirus(KSHV)等。传统观点认为病毒调控细胞恶性转...超过12%的人类肿瘤与病毒密切相关,如Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)、high-risk human papillomaviruses(HPV)、hepatitis B virus(HBV)、hepatitis C virus(HCV)、Kaposi’s sarcoma herpesvirus(KSHV)等。传统观点认为病毒调控细胞恶性转化及肿瘤发生主要与病毒编码蛋白相关,但随着组学和测序技术发展,人们开始认识到病毒非编码RNA在肿瘤发生发展中的重要性。这些非编码RNA不翻译为蛋白质,仅在RNA水平参与对宿主细胞和病毒自身生命活动的多方面调控。现将针对长非编码RNA、短非编码RNA及microRNA在肿瘤中的调控进行综述。展开更多
基金Supported by Grants from Ragnar Soderbergs FoundationThe Swedish Children’s Cancer Foundation+9 种基金BILTEMA FoundationFamily Ehring Perssons FoundationSten A Olssons FoundationStichting af Jochnicks FoundationThe Swedish Cancer Society,The Swedish Research Council,the Marta and Gunnar V Philipson FoundationThe Hans and Marit Rausing Charitable FundThe Damman FoundationSwedish Society for Medical Research(SLS),Goljes Memory FoundationMagnus Bergvalls FoundationSwedish Society for Medical Research(SSMF)and Tore Nilsons Foundation
文摘During the last years increasing evidence implies that human cytomegalovirus(CMV) can be attributed to human malignancies arising from numerous tissues. In this perspective, we will review and discuss the potential mechanisms through which CMV infection may contribute to brain tumors by affecting tumor cell initiation, progression and metastasis formation. Recent evidence also suggests that anti-CMV treatment results in impaired tumor growth of CMV positive xenografts in animal models and potentially increased survival in CMV positive glioblastoma patients. Based on these observations and the high tumor promoting capacity of this virus, the classical and novel antiviral therapies against CMV should be revisited as they may represent a great promise for halting tumor progression and lower cancer deaths.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81872222)Hong Kong Research Grants Council Theme-based Research Scheme(T12-704/16-R)。
文摘Oncovirus infection is crucial in human malignancies.Certain oncoviruses can lead to structural variations in the human genome known as viral genomic integration,which can contribute to tumorigenesis.Existing viral integration detection tools differ in their underlying algorithms pinpointing different aspects or features of viral integration phenomenon.We discuss about major procedures in performing viral integration detection.More importantly,we provide a technical update on Virus-Clip to facilitate its usage on the latest human genome builds(hg19 and hg38)and the adoption of multi-thread mode for faster initial read alignment.By comparing the execution of Virus-Clip using single-thread and multi-thread modes of read alignment on targeted-panel sequencing data of HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma patients,we demonstrate the marked improvement of multi-thread mode in terms of significantly reduced execution time,while there is negligible difference in memory usage.Taken together,with the current update of Virus-Clip,it will continue supporting the in silico detection of oncoviral integration for better understanding of various human malignancies.
基金supported by National Institutes of Health grant R01DE016680 to Fanxiu Zhu and F31CA183250 to Denis Avey
文摘It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.
文摘超过12%的人类肿瘤与病毒密切相关,如Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)、high-risk human papillomaviruses(HPV)、hepatitis B virus(HBV)、hepatitis C virus(HCV)、Kaposi’s sarcoma herpesvirus(KSHV)等。传统观点认为病毒调控细胞恶性转化及肿瘤发生主要与病毒编码蛋白相关,但随着组学和测序技术发展,人们开始认识到病毒非编码RNA在肿瘤发生发展中的重要性。这些非编码RNA不翻译为蛋白质,仅在RNA水平参与对宿主细胞和病毒自身生命活动的多方面调控。现将针对长非编码RNA、短非编码RNA及microRNA在肿瘤中的调控进行综述。
