Taiwan Solution:One Country,Two Systems

ZENG Jianhui, spokesman of the Third Session of the Ninth National People’s Congress (NPC), acknowledged on March 4 that the Taiwan Question was widely discussed at the Third Session of the Ninth NPC and the Ninth Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). Following the return of Hong Kong and Macao, the Taiwan Question has been becoming an increasingly closely watched process.

Industrial Structural Changes in Hong Kong,China under One Country,Two Systems Framework

Hong Kong has undergone substantial economic transformations and developed into a sophisticated business and financial center in the Asia-Pacific region,since the return of sovereignty to China as a Special Administrative Region under the One Country Two Systems (OCTS) in 1997.This paper discusses and analyzes the industrial structural changes of Hong Kong in recent decades as well as its future challenges and opportunities.The data and finding reveal that even though Hong Kong will face fierce competition from the Mainland's cities as the rise of China,the important role as a bridge between China and the rest of the world will brace Hong Kong itself under the OCTS for developing into a service hub for business and trade in the Asia-Pacific region.

“One Country,Two Systems”Guarantees Hong Kong's Prosperity

Deng Xiaoping met with Margaret Thatcher after signing the Sino-British Joint Declaration in Beijing,stressing that China will adopt a "one country,two systems"policy when it resumes sovereing right over Hong Kong.(19 December 1984)

Different Pictures of ‘One Country, Two Systems’

December 20,2014,marked the 15th anniversary of Macao’s return to China.People from all walks of life in Macao celebrated the anniversary through various activities.Chinese President xi Jinping attended the celebrations.

A World in One Country

South Africa is a tourist＇s delight, with five-star scenery, wildlife, shopping and cuisine against the backdrop of an inspiring story of freedom

The Pancharatnam Phase of a Three-Level Atom Coupled to Two Systems of N-Two Level Atoms

In this paper, we present the analytical solution for the model that describes the interaction between a three-level atom and two systems of N-two level atoms. The effects of the quantum numbers and the coupling parameters between spins on the Pancharatnam phase and the atomic inversion, for some special cases of the initial states, are investigated. The comparison between the two effects shows that the analytic results are well consistent.

Observer-based dynamic event-triggered control for distributed parameter systems over mobile sensor-plus-actuator networks

We develop a policy of observer-based dynamic event-triggered state feedback control for distributed parameter systems over a mobile sensor-plus-actuator network.It is assumed that the mobile sensing devices that provide spatially averaged state measurements can be used to improve state estimation in the network.For the purpose of decreasing the update frequency of controller and unnecessary sampled data transmission, an efficient dynamic event-triggered control policy is constructed.In an event-triggered system, when an error signal exceeds a specified time-varying threshold, it indicates the occurrence of a typical event.The global asymptotic stability of the event-triggered closed-loop system and the boundedness of the minimum inter-event time can be guaranteed.Based on the linear quadratic optimal regulator, the actuator selects the optimal displacement only when an event occurs.A simulation example is finally used to verify that the effectiveness of such a control strategy can enhance the system performance.

Finite-time Prescribed Performance Time-Varying Formation Control for Second-Order Multi-Agent Systems With Non-Strict Feedback Based on a Neural Network Observer

This paper studies the problem of time-varying formation control with finite-time prescribed performance for nonstrict feedback second-order multi-agent systems with unmeasured states and unknown nonlinearities.To eliminate nonlinearities,neural networks are applied to approximate the inherent dynamics of the system.In addition,due to the limitations of the actual working conditions,each follower agent can only obtain the locally measurable partial state information of the leader agent.To address this problem,a neural network state observer based on the leader state information is designed.Then,a finite-time prescribed performance adaptive output feedback control strategy is proposed by restricting the sliding mode surface to a prescribed region,which ensures that the closed-loop system has practical finite-time stability and that formation errors of the multi-agent systems converge to the prescribed performance bound in finite time.Finally,a numerical simulation is provided to demonstrate the practicality and effectiveness of the developed algorithm.

Reviewing Stability Criteria for Positive Homogeneous Systems and Adding One for Discrete-Time Cases with Degree Less Than One

The article synthesizes and presents the results regarding the stability of positive homogeneous systems that have been researched and published in recent years. Next, we provide a sufficient condition for global exponential stability in the case of discrete-time positive homogeneous systems with an order less than one with time-varying delays.

Weighted Forwarding in Graph Convolution Networks for Recommendation Information Systems

Recommendation Information Systems(RIS)are pivotal in helping users in swiftly locating desired content from the vast amount of information available on the Internet.Graph Convolution Network(GCN)algorithms have been employed to implement the RIS efficiently.However,the GCN algorithm faces limitations in terms of performance enhancement owing to the due to the embedding value-vanishing problem that occurs during the learning process.To address this issue,we propose a Weighted Forwarding method using the GCN(WF-GCN)algorithm.The proposed method involves multiplying the embedding results with different weights for each hop layer during graph learning.By applying the WF-GCN algorithm,which adjusts weights for each hop layer before forwarding to the next,nodes with many neighbors achieve higher embedding values.This approach facilitates the learning of more hop layers within the GCN framework.The efficacy of the WF-GCN was demonstrated through its application to various datasets.In the MovieLens dataset,the implementation of WF-GCN in LightGCN resulted in significant performance improvements,with recall and NDCG increasing by up to+163.64%and+132.04%,respectively.Similarly,in the Last.FM dataset,LightGCN using WF-GCN enhanced with WF-GCN showed substantial improvements,with the recall and NDCG metrics rising by up to+174.40%and+169.95%,respectively.Furthermore,the application of WF-GCN to Self-supervised Graph Learning(SGL)and Simple Graph Contrastive Learning(SimGCL)also demonstrated notable enhancements in both recall and NDCG across these datasets.

Two-Parameter Block Triangular Splitting Preconditioner for Block Two-by-Two Linear Systems

This paper proposes a two-parameter block triangular splitting(TPTS)preconditioner for the general block two-by-two linear systems.The eigenvalues of the corresponding preconditioned matrix are proved to cluster around 0 or 1 under mild conditions.The limited numerical results show that the TPTS preconditioner is more efficient than the classic block-diagonal and block-triangular preconditioners when applied to the flexible generalized minimal residual(FGMRES)method.

Exponential Estimation of the Lyapunov Function for Delay-Coupled Neural Networks with Integral Terms

This paper investigates a class of coupled neural networks with delays and ad-dresses the exponential synchronization problem using delay-compensatory impulsive control. Razumikhin-type inequalities involving some destabilizing delayed impulse gains are proposed, along with a new delay-compensatory concept demonstrating two crucial roles in system stability. Based on the constructed inequalities and the introduced delay-compensatory concept, sufficient stability and synchronization criteria for globally exponential synchronization of coupled neural networks are provided. To address the exponential synchronization problem in coupled neural networks. Utilizing delay-compensatory impulsive control and Razumikhin-type inequalities. The Lyapunov function for coupled neural networks with delays and integral terms exhibits exponential estimates.

Resilient Time-Varying Formation-Tracking of Multi-UAV Systems Against Composite Attacks: A Two-Layered Framework

This paper studies the countermeasure design problems of distributed resilient time-varying formation-tracking control for multi-UAV systems with single-way communications against composite attacks,including denial-of-services(DoS)attacks,false-data injection attacks,camouflage attacks,and actuation attacks(AAs).Inspired by the concept of digital twin,a new two-layered protocol equipped with a safe and private twin layer(TL)is proposed,which decouples the above problems into the defense scheme against DoS attacks on the TL and the defense scheme against AAs on the cyber-physical layer.First,a topologyrepairing strategy against frequency-constrained DoS attacks is implemented via a Zeno-free event-triggered estimation scheme,which saves communication resources considerably.The upper bound of the reaction time needed to launch the repaired topology after the occurrence of DoS attacks is calculated.Second,a decentralized adaptive and chattering-relief controller against potentially unbounded AAs is designed.Moreover,this novel adaptive controller can achieve uniformly ultimately bounded convergence,whose error bound can be given explicitly.The practicability and validity of this new two-layered protocol are shown via a simulation example and a UAV swarm experiment equipped with both Ultra-WideBand and WiFi communication channels.

Tracking Control of Multi-Agent Systems Using a Networked Predictive PID Tracking Scheme

With the rapid development of network technology and control technology,a networked multi-agent control system is a key direction of modern industrial control systems,such as industrial Internet systems.This paper studies the tracking control problem of networked multi-agent systems with communication constraints,where each agent has no information on the dynamics of other agents except their outputs.A networked predictive proportional integral derivative(PPID)tracking scheme is proposed to achieve the desired tracking performance,compensate actively for communication delays,and simplify implementation in a distributed manner.This scheme combines the past,present and predictive information of neighbour agents to form a tracking error signal for each agent,and applies the proportional,integral,and derivative of the agent tracking error signal to control each individual agent.The criteria of the stability and output tracking consensus of multi-agent systems with the networked PPID tracking scheme are derived through detailed analysis on the closed-loop systems.The effectiveness of the networked PPID tracking scheme is illustrated via an example.

One Country,Two Viewpoints The Japanese emperor's remorse over non-Japanese victims of World WarⅡdiffers sharply from the prime minister's persistent Yasukuni Shrine visits

Against the backdrop of all-time low relations with Asian neighbors, Japan's Emperor Akihito used the occasions of his annual birthday press conference and New Year greeting to talk to his nation about wartime history. The fact that he rarely addresses

Exponential stabilization of networked control systems and design of switching controller

This paper deals with the problem of switching between an open-loop estimator and a close-loop estimator for compensating transmission error and packet dropout of networked control systems. Switching impulse is considered in order to reduce the error between theory and application, a sufficient condition for exponential stabilization of networked control systems under a given switching rule is presented by multiple Lyapunov-like functions. These results are presented for both continuous-time and discrete-time domains. Controllers are designed by means of linear matrix inequalities. Sim- ulation results show the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed method.

Reliability analysis of monotone coherent multi-state systems based on Bayesian networks

The Bayesian networks (BNs) provide a robust probabilistic method of reasoning under uncertainty and have been successfully applied to a variety of real-world tasks. Aiming to explore the capabilities of the BN formalism in reliability analysis of monotone coherent multi-state systems, the BNs are compared with a popular tool for reliability analysis of monotone coherent multi-state systems, namely the multi-state fault trees (MFTs). It is shown that any MFT can be directly mapped into BN and the basic inference techniques on the latter may be used to obtain classical parameters computed from the former (i.e. probability distribution of top variable, minimal upper vectors and maximum lower vectors for any performance level, importance measures of components). Furthermore, some additional information can be obtained by using BN, both at the modeling and analysis level. At the modeling level, several restrictive assumptions implicit in the MFT methodology can be removed and various kinds of dependencies among components can be accommodated. At the analysis level, a general diagnostic analysis can be performed. The comparison of these methods is illustrated by an example of the water supply system. ? 2016 Beijing Institute of Aerospace Information.

Exponential networked synchronization of master-slave chaotic systems with timevarying communication topologies

The networked synchronization problem of a class of master-slave chaotic systems with time-varying communication topologies is investigated in this paper. Based on algebraic graph theory and matrix theory, a simple linear state feedback controller is designed to synchronize the master chaotic system and the slave chaotic systems with a time- varying communication topology connection. The exponential stability of the closed-loop networked synchronization error system is guaranteed by applying Lyapunov stability theory. The derived novel criteria are in the form of linear matrix inequalities （LMIs）, which are easy to examine and tremendously reduce the computation burden from the feedback matrices. This paper provides an alternative networked secure communication scheme which can be extended conveniently. An illustrative example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed networked synchronization method.

A Variational Approach for Numerically Solving the Two-Component Radial Dirac Equation for One-Particle Systems

In this paper we propose a numerical approach to solve the relativistic Dirac equation suitable for computational calculations of one-electron systems. A variational procedure is carried out similar to the well-known Hylleraas computational method. An application of the method to hydrogen isoelectronic atoms is presented, showing its consistency and high accuracy, relative to the exact analytical eigenvalues.

Consensus of networked control multi-agent systems using a double-layer encryption scheme

This paper addresses the decentralized consensus problem for a system of multiple dynamic agents with remote controllers via networking,known as a networked control multi-agent system(NCMAS).It presents a challenging scenario where partial dynamic entities or remote control units are vulnerable to disclosure attacks,making them potentially malicious.To tackle this issue,we propose a secure decentralized control design approach employing a double-layer cryptographic strategy.This approach not only ensures that the input and output information of the benign entities remains protected from the malicious entities but also practically achieves consensus performance.The paper provides an explicit design,supported by theoretical proof and numerical verification,covering stability,steady-state error,and the prevention of computation overflow or underflow.