A One-Time Pad Encryption Scheme Based on Efficient Physical-Layer Secret Key Generation for Intelligent IoT System

The one-time pad(OTP)is an applicationlayer encryption technique to achieve the informationtheoretic security,and the physical-layer secret key generation(SKG)technique is a promising candidate to provide the random keys for OTP.In this paper,we propose a joint SKG and OTP encryption scheme with the aid of a reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)to boost secret key rate.To maximize the efficiency of secure communication,we divide the process of secure transmission into two stages:SKG and then encrypted packet transmission.Meanwhile,we design an optimal algorithm for allocating time slots for SKG to maximize SKG efficiency without security risk.Furthermore,we design a key updating protocol based on our SKG scheme for OTP encryption.Simulation results verify that our scheme can generate keys securely and efficiently,and significantly improve the secure communication performance in an intelligent IoT system.

Robust quantum secure direct communication with a quantum one-time pad over a collective-noise channel

We present two robust quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) schemes with a quantum one-time pad over a collective-noise channel. Each logical qubit is made up of two physical qubits and it is invariant over a collective-noise channel. The two photons in each logical qubit can be produced with a practically entangled source, i.e., a parametric down-conversion source with a beta barium borate crystal and a pump pulse of ultraviolet light. The information is encoded on each logical qubit with two logical unitary operations, which will not destroy the antinoise feather of the quantum systems. The receiver Bob can read out the sender's message directly with two single-photon measurements on each logical qubit, instead of Bell-state measurements, which will make these protocols more convenient in a practical application. With current technology, our two robust QSDC schemes are feasible and may be optimal ones.

A novel one-time-programmable memory unit based on Schottky-type p-GaN diode

In this work,a novel one-time-programmable memory unit based on a Schottky-type p-GaN diode is proposed.During the programming process,the junction switches from a high-resistance state to a low-resistance state through Schottky junction breakdown,and the state is permanently preserved.The memory unit features a current ratio of more than 10^(3),a read voltage window of 6 V,a programming time of less than 10^(−4)s,a stability of more than 108 read cycles,and a lifetime of far more than 10 years.Besides,the fabrication of the device is fully compatible with commercial Si-based GaN process platforms,which is of great significance for the realization of low-cost read-only memory in all-GaN integration.

Deterministic secure quantum communication and authentication protocol based on three-particle W state and quantum one-time pad

Three-particle W states are used as decoy photons,and the eavesdropping detection rate reaches63%.The positions of decoy photons in information sequence are encoded with identity string ID of the legitimate users.Authentication is implemented by using previously shared identity string.State/j i is used as the carrier.One photon of/j i is sent to Bob;and Bob obtains a random key by measuring photons with bases dominated by ID.The bases information is secret to others except Alice and Bob.Both the eavesdropping detection based on three-particle W state and the secret ID ensure the security of the protocol.Unitary operations are not used.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Safety of One-Time Endodontics in the Treatment of Chronic Apical Periodontitis with Sinus Tract in Pediatric Deciduous Teeth

Objective:To observe the effectiveness and safety of one-time endodontics in the treatment of chronic apical periodontitis with sinus tract in pediatric deciduous teeth.Methods:109 cases of children with chronic apical periodontitis with sinus tract in the deciduous teeth treated in our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected and grouped by the randomized numerical table method,with 54 cases in the experimental group and 55 cases in the control group.The experimental group was treated with one-time endodontics and the control group was treated with conventional endodontics.Results:After the treatment,the total effective rate of treatment was higher in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05);the incidence of adverse events was lower in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05);the satisfaction of the children's family members was higher in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05);the pain duration was lower in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:In the experimental group,children with chronic apical periodontitis with sinus tract of the deciduous teeth were given one-time endodontic treatment,and the results of its implementation were relatively good.

Controlled quantum secure direct communication and authentication protocol based on five-particle cluster state and quantum one-time pad

A controlled quantum secure direct communication and authentication protocol is proposed with a quantum one-time pad based on five-particle cluster state.Photon 4 in each five-particle cluster state is sent to the controller as permission.Unitary operation I(U)on photon4 according to identity-string of the receiver is used to forbid the controller to deduce secret message.The classical XOR operation serving as a one-time-pad is used to forbid external eavesdroppers to eavesdrop.Eavesdropping detection and identity authentication are implemented by previously shared reusable base identity-strings.In one transmission,one qubit of each five-particle cluster state is used as controller’s permission,and two qubits are used to transmit two classical bit information.

基于OBE理念融合PAD课堂的课程教学模式应用研究——以“机械基础与设计”课程为例

在“双高”视阈下,如何将OBE理念与PAD课堂模式应用于高职院校的“机械基础与设计”课程教学中具有重要现实意义。研究发现,传统的教学模式以教师为中心,忽视了学生的学习需求,导致教学效果不理想。基于此,提出了一种新的教学模式,即通过OBE理念确定课程教学目标,融合PAD课堂模式重构课程教学体系,实现以“学”为中心的教学模式改革。同时,还提出了课程目标达成度评价和教学质量持续改进模型,以实现教学过程的优化和改进。结果表明,该模式强调以学生为主体,关注学生的学习成果,提高了学生的学习积极性和主动性,提升了教学质量,对于推动高职教育教学改革、提高人才培养质量具有重要意义。

BOPPPS+PAD课堂教学在诊断学理论教学中的应用研究

目的 探索BOPPPS+PAD课堂在诊断学理论教学中的教学效果。方法 选取广西中医药大学2018级中医学、2018级临床医学、2019级中医学、2019级临床医学专业的本科生共328人,随机将其分为A组(传统教学模式)、B组(BOPPPS教学模式)、C组(PAD课堂教学模式)和D组(BOPPPS+PAD课堂教学模式),每组各82人。比较各组学生的理论成绩、教学满意度和教学参与度。结果 四组学生的理论成绩比较差异有统计学意义(F=59.959,P<0.05),其中D组学生成绩最好。四组学生的教学满意度比较差异有统计学意义(Z=29.908,P<0.001),D组学生的教学满意度优于A组和C组(P<0.05)。D组和B组学生的参与度评分比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.302),D组学生的参与度评分显著高于C组和A组(P<0.05)。相比于传统教学方法,BOPPPS+PAD课堂教学模式在激发学习兴趣、提高自主学习能力、团队合作、创新力和内驱力等方面均获得较好的评价。结论 BOPPPS+PAD课堂教学模式可提高诊断学理论教学的教学质量和教学效果,提高教师对课堂的把控,激发学生的学习积极性,值得进一步推广应用。

“PAD+OBE”驱动下本科课堂教学探索与实践——以“大气污染控制工程”为例

“大气污染控制工程”是环境科学与工程专业的一门核心课程。为解决教学中现有问题,以充分调动学生主体性和积极性,采用对分课堂(PAD)和成果导向教育(OBE)混合教学,以期实现教学目标。通过重构教学体系,融入思政教育,优化反馈机制,构建完整的教学闭环,有效提升了教学效果。在课程实践中,强化学生知识体系,提高创新协作能力,从而培养高素质大气环境类人才,满足地方和国家层面大气污染防控战略需求。该教学模式为厘清大气污染成因及治污提供基础,也为推进本科“双万计划”提供经验及借鉴范例。

基于PAD理论的儿童颜色心理学研究

颜色是儿童视觉识别的最重要因素之一,本研究基于PAD理论,采用重测法分两次进行,对84名6~8岁的儿童进行颜色情绪测试,分析颜色与愉悦度、唤醒度的数据与儿童心理的关系。研究结果表明,颜色不同维度的刺激对儿童情绪状态有影响,且存在相互作用关系。饱和度对愉悦度的影响更大,亮度对唤醒度的影响更大;只有在高饱和度和高亮度的情况下,冷色调具有较高的愉悦度;在亮度高时,饱和度会对情绪产生较大影响,而亮度低时影响不大;饱和度低时,亮度的变化对情绪造成的影响不显著。本研究借助儿童应用程序界面对儿童颜色认知心理进行研究,解释多个因素及其交互作用对实验结果的影响,实现了感知一致性。

PAD Class教学模式对英语专业学生写作焦虑影响的实证研究

本研究以英语专业大一120名学生为实验对象,进行了为期16周的实证研究,以探讨PAD class教学模式对英语专业学生写作焦虑的影响。基于《二语写作焦虑量表》调查问卷结果表明:英语专业学生总体焦虑处于中等焦虑水平,PAD Class能有效降低学生的写作总体焦虑,其中课堂焦虑、构思焦虑、自信焦虑明显降低,但回避焦虑没有达到显著水平;PAD Class模式对高中低不同写作水平学生的写作焦虑都有影响,对中、低水平学生的写作焦虑缓解比对高水平学生的影响效果更明显。

BOPPPS教学模式结合PAD课堂在“生物化学”课程教学中的探索研究

以黄山学院生物技术专业“生物化学”课程教学为例,介绍了BOPPPS教学模式结合PAD课堂开展“生物化学”课程教学的实施过程。BOPPPS和PAD课堂实践相结合,提升了学生在课堂上的参与度、积极性和主动性;通过PAD课堂隔堂讨论的“亮考帮”环节,一定程度上提升了学生的思维创新能力;通过案例以问题的方式作为BOPPPS教学模式的导入环节,PAD课堂思考题布置作为BOPPPS的前测环节,驱动学生必须进行有效思考来剖析案例和解决问题,一定程度上提升了课程的高阶性、创新性和挑战度;把提升学生学习自主性、积极性作为课程教学目的,科学实施和评价教学过程关键环节,形成重在培养创新能力的教学模式。BOPPPS教学模式与PAD课堂进行有机结合,可以塑造以学为中心,以能力达成为目标的课程教学模式,提升“生物化学”课程的教学效果。

对分课堂(PAD)导引下的思政课教学创新整体设计

对分课堂是一种新型的教学模式,其核心理念是把一半课堂时间分配给教师讲授,另一半分配给学生进行交互式学习。对分课堂应用于思政课教学,能够解决思政课教学改革中教学分离、教师无奈、学生无力的问题,更加体现出学生“主体型”学习地位,有效提升思政课的教学效果和质量。反映到具体的思政课对分课堂教学设计,就是要重构教学生态,重点关注思政课教学主体的变化;重塑教学组织,重点关注思政课教学条件的变化;重整教材资源,重点关注思政课教学内容的变化;重组教学实施,重点关注思政课教学流程的变化;重建教学评价,重点关注思政课教学考核的变化。

“制药资源野外实习”课程教学改革与探索——基于OBE理念和PAD课堂

科学设计实验、合理安排实习项目、优化过程管理会影响到人才培养质量的提高。本文在深入分析现有教学模式不足的基础上,结合地方实际情况,提出并实施了切实可行的改进举措。具体包括:1.整合畲药植物资源,编写实习指导手册;2.将OBE教学理念和PAD课堂深度融入实习各个环节,发挥学生的主观能动性;3.充分挖掘课程思政元素,使课程思政深入人心。通过课程教学模式的改革与实践,我们期望本校的《制药资源野外实习》课程教学质量能得到进一步提升。

“BOPPPS+PAD”混合式英语教学在中外合作办学项目中的应用

本文通过问卷调查、测试、访谈、统计软件等手段,分析河南大学中外合作办学项目英语教学模式现状、混合式教学开展情况以及学生自主学习能力、核心素养发展水平等。经过推行一学年BOPPPS与PAD两种模式相融合的线上线下混合式英语教学,本文分析了该融合方式实施的有效途径、制约因素和改进方法,以期为中外合作办学项目英语教学提供一定参考。

深度学习导向的PAD与PBL融合教学模式的高校行动研究

对分课堂(PAD)和项目化学习(PBL)根源于相似的理论基础,能够促进学生深度学习能力的提升,但在一线教学实践中均存在一定的局限。课程组多位教师在应用型本科高校一线教学中进行了两轮严谨的行动研究,以学生深度学习体验为目标,对教学要素整合重构后创新提出“1体2翼3环4向的Pp-AD-P”立体教学实施体系,多源数据从不同维度验证了所构建教学模式具有一定的科学性和可操作性。

One-time fertilization at first flowering improves lint yield and dry matter partitioning in late planted short-season cotton

Cotton producers have substantially reduced their inputs(labor,nutrients,and management)mainly by adopting a shortseason cropping management that is characterized by late sowing,high density,and reduced fertilization with one-time application at the first bloom stage without lint yield reduction.However,it has been hypothesized that one-time fertilization at an earlier growth stage could be a more effective and economic management practice.A two-year field experiment was conducted by applying five fertilizer one-time fertilization at 0(FT1),5(FT2),10(FT3),15(FT4),and 20(FT5)days after the first flower appeared in the field and one three-split fertilizer application taken as the conventional control(FT6),making six treatments altogether.Cotton growth period,biomass accumulation,yield,and its formation were quantified.The results showed that the one-time fertilization did not affect the cotton growth progress as compared to FT6,however,the total crop cycles for FT3–FT5 were 3 days shorter.FT1 produced the highest cotton lint yield(1396 kg ha–1),which was similar to the FT6 but higher than the other treatments,and could be attributed to more bolls per unit area and higher lint percentage.Cotton yield was positively correlated with cotton plant biomass accumulated.FT1 had both the highest average(VT)(193.7 kg ha–1 d–1)and the highest maximum(VM)(220.9 kg ha–1 d–1)rates during the fast biomass accumulation period.These results suggest that one-time fertilizer application at the first flower stage might be an adjustment that is more effective than at first bloom,and allowed for easier decision making for application date due to non counting of plants with flowers is needed.

One-time sintering process to modify xLi2MnO3(1-x)LiMO2 hollow architecture and studying their enhanced electrochemical performances

To solve the critical problems of lithium rich cathode materials, e.g., structure instability and short cycle life, we have successfully prepared a ZrO2-coated and Zr-doping xLi2MnO3·(1–x)LiMO2 hollow architecture via one-time sintering process. The modified structural materials as lithium-ion cathodes present good structural stability and superior cycle performance in LIBs. The discharge capacity of the ZrO2-coated and Zr-doped hollow pristine is 220 mAh g-1 at the 20th cycle at 0.2 C(discharge capacity loss, 2.7%)and 150 m Ah g-1 at the 100 th cycle at 1 C(discharge capacity loss, 17.7%), respectively. However, hollow pristine electrode only delivers 203 m Ah g-1 at the 20 th cycle at 0.2 C and 124 mAh g-1 at the 100 th cycle at 1 C, respectively, and the corresponding to capacity retention is 92.2% and 72.8%, respectively.Diffusion coefficients of modified hollow pristine electrode are much higher than that of hollow pristine electrode after 100 cycles(approach to 1.4 times). In addition, we simulate the adsorption reaction of HF on the surface of ZrO2-coated layer by the first-principles theory. The calculations prove that the adsorption energy of HF on the surface of ZrO2-coated layer is about-1.699 e V, and the ZrO2-coated layer could protect the hollow spherical xLi2MnO3·(1–x)LiMO2 from erosion by HF. Our results would be applicable for systematic amelioration of high-performance lithium rich material for anode with the respect of practical application.

Cryptanalysis of the One-Time Proxy Signature Scheme Used in Mobile Agents

We ayptanalyze Kim et. al's one-time proxy signature scheme used in mobileagents, and then a successful forgery is introduced It is showed that a dishonest customer cansuccessfully forge a valid one-time proxy signature by impersonating the stiver Furthermore, he canrequest the server with responsibility for the forged bidding information.

Design of 32 kbit one-time programmable memory for microcontroller units

A 32 kbit OTP(one-time programmable)memory for MCUs(micro-controller units)used in remote controllers was designed.This OTP memory is used for program and data storage.It is required to apply 5.5V to BL(bit-line)and 11V to WL(word-line)for a OTP cell of 0.35μm ETOX(EEPROM tunnel oxide)type by MagnaChip.We use 5V transistors on column data paths to reduce the area of column data paths since they require small areas.In addition,we secure device reliability by using HV(high-voltage)transistors in the WL driver.Furthermore,we change from a static logic to a dynamic logic used for the WL driver in the core circuit.Also,we optimize the WD(write data)switch circuit.Thus,we can implement them with a small-area design.In addition,we implement the address predecoder with a small-area logic circuit.The area of the designed 32 kbit OTP with 5V and HV devices is 674.725μm×258.75μm(=0.1745mm2)and is 56.3% smaller than that using 3.3V devices.