<strong>Background:</strong> The potential for misinformation on usercontrolled Knowledge Exchange Social Websites (KESWs) is concerning since it can actively influence Internet users’ knowledge, attitude...<strong>Background:</strong> The potential for misinformation on usercontrolled Knowledge Exchange Social Websites (KESWs) is concerning since it can actively influence Internet users’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to childhood vaccinations. <strong>Objective:</strong> The present study examines the accuracy and predictors of health information posted to a Knowledge Exchange Social Website (KESW). <strong>Methods:</strong> A sample of 480 answers to childhood vaccination questions were retrieved and rated for accuracy. Multiple logistic regression modeling was used to examine whether answer characteristics (best answer, professional background, statistical information, source disclosure, online link, word count, vaccine stance, and tone) predict accuracy. <strong>Results:</strong> Overall, only 56.2% of the posted answers were rated as “accurate.” Accuracy varied by topics with between 52.8% - 64.3% being rated as accurate. When Yahoo Answers’ “best answers” were examined, only 49.2% rated as accurate compared to 57.7% of all other answers, a finding attributed to widespread nominations of vaccine misinformation as “best answers” for questions addressing the side effects of vaccines. For all other types of questions, “best answers” were more likely to be accurate. Regression modeling revealed that discussions of personal choices regarding childhood vaccinations predicted the accuracy of posted answers, with those who mentioned vaccinating their own children proving more likely to communicate accurate vaccine information, and those expressing vaccine hesitancy proving more likely to share factually inaccurate statements about vaccines. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The high prevalence of misinformation on KESWs suggests that these websites may serve as a vector for spreading vaccine misperceptions. Further research is needed to assess the impact of various KESWs and to develop effective, coordinated responses by public health agencies.展开更多
Background: Misinformation on interactive Knowledge Exchange Social Websites (KESWs) is concerning since it can influence Internet users’ health behaviors, especially during an infectious disease outbreak. Objective:...Background: Misinformation on interactive Knowledge Exchange Social Websites (KESWs) is concerning since it can influence Internet users’ health behaviors, especially during an infectious disease outbreak. Objective: The present study seeks to examine the accuracy and characteristics of health information posted to a Knowledge Exchange Social Website (KESW). Methods: A sample of 204 answers to Ebola questions were extracted and rated for accuracy. Multiple logistic regression modeling was used to examine whether answer characteristics (best answer, professional background, statistical information, source disclosed, link, and word count) predicted accuracy. Results: Overall, only 27.0% of the posted answers were rated as “accurate”. Accuracy varied across question topics with between 11.8% - 45.5% of answers being rated as accurate. When Yahoo Answers’ “best answers” were examined, the overall accuracy was substantially higher, with 80.0% of “best answers” being rated as accurate compared to 16.0% of all other answers. Conclusion: There is need for tools to help Internet users navigate health information posted on these dynamic user-generated knowledge exchange social websites.展开更多
为找寻更好的可用于信息交换和文献著录的元数据标准,就当前应用最为广泛的MARC标准与ONIX for Books标准进行详细介绍和深入比较,结果表明ONIX for Books在众多方面都具有优势,可能成为未来被广泛采用的标准,最后探讨从ONIX for Books...为找寻更好的可用于信息交换和文献著录的元数据标准,就当前应用最为广泛的MARC标准与ONIX for Books标准进行详细介绍和深入比较,结果表明ONIX for Books在众多方面都具有优势,可能成为未来被广泛采用的标准,最后探讨从ONIX for Books到MARC的映射转换。展开更多
现存的标准管理系统中可维护的只是标准的结构化信息,并不能反映标准在修订过程中的阶段信息,无法跟踪标准修订的历史。针对这些不足之处,提出一种符合CNONIX(China Online Information Exchange)标准维护需求、基于标准内容动态维护的...现存的标准管理系统中可维护的只是标准的结构化信息,并不能反映标准在修订过程中的阶段信息,无法跟踪标准修订的历史。针对这些不足之处,提出一种符合CNONIX(China Online Information Exchange)标准维护需求、基于标准内容动态维护的解决方案。该方案首先将不同版本标准的内容分别以二叉树的结构组织起来。然后对两棵二叉树中对应节点的内容进行比对,针对节点中变化的属性进行兼容性测试。最后,将标准的修订历史和兼容性测试结果清晰地呈现给用户,从而更好地满足用户的需求。展开更多
美国国家标准协会(NISO)发布的《连续出版物内容交换协议》(Protocol for Exchanging Serial Content(PESC))可以一定程度地解决连续出版物的内容在出版商、出版商代理、发现服务组织方、转换供应商、存档服务商等不同的组织间大批量转...美国国家标准协会(NISO)发布的《连续出版物内容交换协议》(Protocol for Exchanging Serial Content(PESC))可以一定程度地解决连续出版物的内容在出版商、出版商代理、发现服务组织方、转换供应商、存档服务商等不同的组织间大批量转移交换过程中格式不统一、交换困难、内容缺失、效率低下等问题。本文通过对PESC产生的背景、内容包格式结构规范、不同级别的一致性规范以及有效实施指南、对我国行业标准的启示等方面进行详细深入阐述,借以推进我国图书馆界对PESC协议的理解,提升连续出版过程中各方之间低成本高效率地进行内容交换的可能性。同时,也对我国图书馆界构建标准化、统一的连续出版内容的交换协议标准的制定和实施具有重要的借鉴意义。展开更多
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> The potential for misinformation on usercontrolled Knowledge Exchange Social Websites (KESWs) is concerning since it can actively influence Internet users’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to childhood vaccinations. <strong>Objective:</strong> The present study examines the accuracy and predictors of health information posted to a Knowledge Exchange Social Website (KESW). <strong>Methods:</strong> A sample of 480 answers to childhood vaccination questions were retrieved and rated for accuracy. Multiple logistic regression modeling was used to examine whether answer characteristics (best answer, professional background, statistical information, source disclosure, online link, word count, vaccine stance, and tone) predict accuracy. <strong>Results:</strong> Overall, only 56.2% of the posted answers were rated as “accurate.” Accuracy varied by topics with between 52.8% - 64.3% being rated as accurate. When Yahoo Answers’ “best answers” were examined, only 49.2% rated as accurate compared to 57.7% of all other answers, a finding attributed to widespread nominations of vaccine misinformation as “best answers” for questions addressing the side effects of vaccines. For all other types of questions, “best answers” were more likely to be accurate. Regression modeling revealed that discussions of personal choices regarding childhood vaccinations predicted the accuracy of posted answers, with those who mentioned vaccinating their own children proving more likely to communicate accurate vaccine information, and those expressing vaccine hesitancy proving more likely to share factually inaccurate statements about vaccines. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The high prevalence of misinformation on KESWs suggests that these websites may serve as a vector for spreading vaccine misperceptions. Further research is needed to assess the impact of various KESWs and to develop effective, coordinated responses by public health agencies.
文摘Background: Misinformation on interactive Knowledge Exchange Social Websites (KESWs) is concerning since it can influence Internet users’ health behaviors, especially during an infectious disease outbreak. Objective: The present study seeks to examine the accuracy and characteristics of health information posted to a Knowledge Exchange Social Website (KESW). Methods: A sample of 204 answers to Ebola questions were extracted and rated for accuracy. Multiple logistic regression modeling was used to examine whether answer characteristics (best answer, professional background, statistical information, source disclosed, link, and word count) predicted accuracy. Results: Overall, only 27.0% of the posted answers were rated as “accurate”. Accuracy varied across question topics with between 11.8% - 45.5% of answers being rated as accurate. When Yahoo Answers’ “best answers” were examined, the overall accuracy was substantially higher, with 80.0% of “best answers” being rated as accurate compared to 16.0% of all other answers. Conclusion: There is need for tools to help Internet users navigate health information posted on these dynamic user-generated knowledge exchange social websites.
文摘现存的标准管理系统中可维护的只是标准的结构化信息,并不能反映标准在修订过程中的阶段信息,无法跟踪标准修订的历史。针对这些不足之处,提出一种符合CNONIX(China Online Information Exchange)标准维护需求、基于标准内容动态维护的解决方案。该方案首先将不同版本标准的内容分别以二叉树的结构组织起来。然后对两棵二叉树中对应节点的内容进行比对,针对节点中变化的属性进行兼容性测试。最后,将标准的修订历史和兼容性测试结果清晰地呈现给用户,从而更好地满足用户的需求。
文摘美国国家标准协会(NISO)发布的《连续出版物内容交换协议》(Protocol for Exchanging Serial Content(PESC))可以一定程度地解决连续出版物的内容在出版商、出版商代理、发现服务组织方、转换供应商、存档服务商等不同的组织间大批量转移交换过程中格式不统一、交换困难、内容缺失、效率低下等问题。本文通过对PESC产生的背景、内容包格式结构规范、不同级别的一致性规范以及有效实施指南、对我国行业标准的启示等方面进行详细深入阐述,借以推进我国图书馆界对PESC协议的理解,提升连续出版过程中各方之间低成本高效率地进行内容交换的可能性。同时,也对我国图书馆界构建标准化、统一的连续出版内容的交换协议标准的制定和实施具有重要的借鉴意义。
