Online Vaccine Information in a Knowledge Exchange Social Website (KESW)

Background: The potential for misinformation on usercontrolled Knowledge Exchange Social Websites (KESWs) is concerning since it can actively influence Internet users’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to childhood vaccinations. Objective: The present study examines the accuracy and predictors of health information posted to a Knowledge Exchange Social Website (KESW). Methods: A sample of 480 answers to childhood vaccination questions were retrieved and rated for accuracy. Multiple logistic regression modeling was used to examine whether answer characteristics (best answer, professional background, statistical information, source disclosure, online link, word count, vaccine stance, and tone) predict accuracy. Results: Overall, only 56.2% of the posted answers were rated as “accurate.” Accuracy varied by topics with between 52.8% - 64.3% being rated as accurate. When Yahoo Answers’ “best answers” were examined, only 49.2% rated as accurate compared to 57.7% of all other answers, a finding attributed to widespread nominations of vaccine misinformation as “best answers” for questions addressing the side effects of vaccines. For all other types of questions, “best answers” were more likely to be accurate. Regression modeling revealed that discussions of personal choices regarding childhood vaccinations predicted the accuracy of posted answers, with those who mentioned vaccinating their own children proving more likely to communicate accurate vaccine information, and those expressing vaccine hesitancy proving more likely to share factually inaccurate statements about vaccines. Conclusion: The high prevalence of misinformation on KESWs suggests that these websites may serve as a vector for spreading vaccine misperceptions. Further research is needed to assess the impact of various KESWs and to develop effective, coordinated responses by public health agencies.

Current status and future development of Chinese Government Public Information Online

Since its launch last year, the Chinese Government Public Information Online(CGPIO) platform's basic construction has developed rapidly. This paper describes the technology and service status of the platform, analyzes its problems, and details the future development of the alliance platform in the future.

Fuzzy VIKOR Approach to Evaluate the Information Security Policies and Analyze the Content of Press Agencies in Gulf Countries

A news agency is an organization that gathers news reports and sells them to subscribing news organization, such as newspapers, magazines, radio and television broadcasters. A news agency may also be referred to as a wire service, newswire, or news service. The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the security policies and analyze the content of five press agencies in gulf countries which are (Kuwait News Agency (KUNA), Emirates News Agency (WAM), Saudi Press Agency (SPA), Bahrain News Agency (BNA), and Oman News Agency (OMA)) by using a fuzzy VIKOR approach where linguistic variables are applied to solve the uncertainties and subjectivities in expert decision making. Fuzzy VIKOR approach is one of the best Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) techniques working in fuzzy environment. This study benefits security and content analysis experts know which press agency has the mandate and the competence to educate the public on news agencies. Besides, this paper contributes to Gulf agencies in helping them in their resolve to ensure the quality of content information and information security policies over the internet.

Study on the Diffusion Performance of Standard E-Government Information Systems

Standard e-government information system(SEIS) including mobile-government applications are playing more and more important roles in the establishing of national e-government framework. It can be beneficial not only for avoiding redundant e-government IS development but also for improving collaboration among government agencies. Two research questions were explored: what are the factors influencing the performance of SEIS? Will mandatory SEIS create a better performance than non-mandatory SEIS? Specifically, the use of five categories of IS aspects--information system quality, online service quality, offline service quality, diffusion modes and standard network size—is proposed to understand the performance of SEIS through applying both survey study and simulation study. The results show that information system quality and online service quality of SEIS have strong effects on users' expectation and users' satisfaction, which thereafter promotes the performance of SEIS. Government agencies' offline service quality shows a significant effect on users' satisfaction while not on users' expectation. Furthermore, the diffusion speed of SEIS in non-mandatory and mandatory modes and the standard network size also have great influence on the utility of SEIS.

ONLINE PARTICLE PHYSICS INFORMATION

1. IntroductionThe collection of online information resources in particle physics and related areas presented in this chapter is of necessity incomplete. An expanded and regularly updated online version can be found at：

On Desideratum for B2C E-Commerce Reputation Systems

This paper reviews existing approaches to reputation systems, their constraints as well as available solutions. Furthermore, it presents and evaluates a novel and comprehensive reputation model devoted to the distributed reputation system for Business-to-Consumer （B2C） E-commerce applications that overcomes the discussed drawbacks. The algorithm offers a comprehensive approach as it considers a number of issues that have a bearing on trust and reputation such as age of ratings, transaction value, credibility of referees, number of malicious incidents, collusion and unfair ratings. Moreover, it also extends the existing frameworks based on information about past behaviour, with other aspects affecting online trading decisions which relate to the characteristic of the providers, such as existence of trustmark seals, payment intermediaries, privacy statements, security/privacy strategies, purchase protection/insurance, alternative dispute resolutions as well as the existence of first party information.

A Comparative Analysis on Weibo and Twitter

Weibo is the Twitter counterpart in China that has attracted hundreds of millions of users. We crawled an almost complete Weibo user network that contains 222 million users and 27 billion links in 2013. This paper analyzes the structural properties of this network, and compares it with a Twitter user network. The topological properties we studied include the degree distributions, connected components, distance distributions, reciprocity,clustering coefficient, Page Rank centrality, and degree assortativity. We find that Weibo users have a higher diversity index, higher Gini index, but a lower reciprocity and clustering coefficient for most of the nodes. A surprising observation is that the reciprocity of Weibo is only about a quarter of the reciprocity of the Twitter user network. We also show that Weibo adoption rate correlates with economic development positively, and Weibo network can be used to quantify the connections between provinces and regions in China. In particular, point-wise mutual information is shown to be accurate in quantifying the strength of connections. We developed an interactive analyzing software framework for this study, and released the data and code online.