Controlling cooperativity of a metastable open system coupled weakly to a noisy environment

The notion of cooperativity comprises a specific characteristic of a multipartite system concerning its ability to demonstrate a sigmoidal-type response of varying sensitivities to input stimuli in transitions between states under controlled conditions.From a statistical physics viewpoint,in this work we attempt to describe the cooperativity by the stability of a metastable open system with respect to irreversibility.To treat the evolution of a system weakly coupled to the environment in a kinetic framework,we consider two fluctuating energy levels of different dimensionalities,initial population of one level,reversible transitions of population between the levels,and irreversible depopulation of another level.An average is made over level fluctuations and environment vibrations so that an inter-level transition rate can be obtained accounting for the influences of external control on level position and dimensionality.It is found that the cooperativity of the two-level system is bounded approximately between 0.736 and unity,with the lower bound indicating worsening system stability.

Quantum speed-up capacity in different types of quantum channels for two-qubit open systems

A potential acceleration of a quantum open system is of fundamental interest in quantum computation, quantum communication, and quantum metrology. In this paper, we investigate the ＂quantum speed-up capacity＂ which reveals the potential ability of a quantum system to be accelerated. We explore the evolutions of the speed-up capacity in different quantum channels for two-qubit states. We find that although the dynamics of the capacity is varying in different kinds of channels, it is positive in most situations which are considered in the context except one case in the amplitude-damping channel. We give the reasons for the different features of the dynamics. Anyway, the speed-up capacity can be improved by the memory effect. We find two ways which may be used to control the capacity in an experiment： selecting an appropriate coefficient of an initial state or changing the memory degree of environments.

The Predetermined Failure of Murphy＇s Quest for Freedom in Closed Systems--Narritivity Temporality in Murphy

This essay aims at an analysis of Murphy's failure of his quest for freedom from the aspect of narrative temporality whichwill focus on order, duration and frequency. From the perspective of temporal order, the essay will endeavor to probe into the pro-lepsis in the novel to analyse predetermined narrative and its function. Considering with temporal duration, this essay will penetratethe deceleration of narrative—scene and pause in Murphy to explore its thematic meaning. To investigate the temporal frequency,iterative narrative within text will be exemplified to discuss closed systems in the novel. Based on the analysis of the narrativity tem-porality in Murphy, the essay will focuses on that how its narrative strategy well embodies its theme—the predetermined failure ofMurphy's quest for freedom in closed systems.

Dynamics of Open Systems with Affine Maps

Many quantum systems of interest are initially correlated with their environments and the reduced dynamics of open systems are an interesting while challenging topic. Affine maps, as an extension of completely positive maps, are a useful tool to describe the reduced dynamics of open systems with initial correlations. However, it is unciear what kind of initial state shares an affine map. In this study, we give a sumcient condition of initial states, in which the reduced dynamics can always be described by an affihe map. Our result shows that if the initial states of the combined system constitute a convex set, and if the correspondence between the initial states of the open system and those of the combined system, defined by taking the partial trace, is a bijection, then the reduced dynamics of the open system can be described by an affine map.

A CLOSED SYSTEM OF EQUATIONS FOR DENSE TWO-PHASE FLOW AND EXPRESSIONS OF SHEARING STRESS OF DISPERSED PHA’E AT A WALL

Inthis paper, each of the two phases in dense two-phase flow is considered as continuous medium and the fundamental equations for two-phase flow arc described in Eulerian form. The generalized constitutive relation of the Bingham fluid is applied to the dispersed phase with the analysis oj physical mechanism of dense two-phase flow. The shearing stress of dispersed phase at a wall is used to give a boundary condition. Then a mathematical model for dense two-phase flow is obtained. In addition, the expressions of shearing stress of dispersed phase at a wall is derived according to the fundamental model of the friclional collision between dispersed-plutse particles and the wall.

Diffusion dynamics in external noise-activated non-equilibrium open system-reservoir coupling environment

The diffusion process in an external noise-activated non-equilibrium open system–reservoir coupling environment is studied by analytically solving the generalized Langevin equation. The dynamical property of the system near the barrier top is investigated in detail by numerically calculating the quantities such as mean diffusion path, invariance, barrier passing probability, and so on. It is found that, comparing with the unfavorable effect of internal fluctuations, the external noise activation is sometimes beneficial to the diffusion process. An optimal strength of external activation or correlation time of the internal fluctuation is expected for the diffusing particle to have a maximal probability to escape from the potential well.

Quantum Teleportation with an Accelerated Partner in Open System

We investigate the teleportation between two relatively accelerating partners undergoing the phase flip, bit flip and bit-phase flip channels. We find that: 1) the fidelity decreases by increasing the acceleration of accelerated observer;2) the dynamic evolution of the fidelity is different for various channels if the acceleration is fixed;and 3) the fidelity is always symmetric about β2=1/2 where βis a parameter of the transmission state.

构建楼宇开放系统（Building Open System）2005研讨会在中国成功举行

2005年11月14～18日，由Echelon公司和LonMark国际组织主办了构建楼宇开放系统（BOS）2005研讨会，分别在北京、上海、深圳和香港举行。参加的厂商有：Delmatic，Matrix，TAC，Honeywell，Kurihara Kogyo，Johnson Controls，ARC Informatique，Nico Technology，United Premas，Syslon （Asia），Gesytec等。

Sensing-Communication-Computing-Control Closed Loop for NOMA-UAV Systems

In the areas without terrestrial communication infrastructures,unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)can be utilized to serve field robots for mission-critical tasks.For this purpose,UAVs can be equipped with sensing,communication,and computing modules to support various requirements of robots.In the task process,different modules assist the robots to perform tasks in a closed-loop way,which is referred to as a sensing-communication-computing-control(SC3)loop.In this work,we investigate a UAV-aided system containing multiple SC^(3)loops,which leverages non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA)for efficient resource sharing.We describe and compare three different modelling levels for the SC^(3)loop.Based on the entropy SC^(3)loop model,a sum linear quadratic regulator(LQR)control cost minimization problem is formulated by optimizing the communication power.Further for the assure-to-be-stable case,we show that the original problem can be approximated by a modified user fairness problem,and accordingly gain more insights into the optimal solutions.Simulation results demonstrate the performance gain of using NOMA in such task-oriented systems,as well as the superiority of our proposed closed-loop-oriented design.

Design and Test of Closed Hydraulic Transmission System of 4WD High-clearance Wheeled Sprayer

In conjunction with the working characteristics of the high-clearance wheeled sprayer and the benefits of the closed hydraulic system,a series of reasonable working parameters should be established,and a hydraulic system that fulfills the requisite specifications should be designed.The AMESim software model is employed to construct a closed hydraulic transmission system,and the simulation analysis is then performed according to the data of hydraulic components.According to analysis results,the prototype can be optimized and upgraded,and a verification test is further carried out.The test results demonstrate that the designed closed hydraulic transmission system meets the actual working requirements of the high-clearance wheeled sprayer and provides a stable experimental platform for intelligent control of agricultural machinery.

Pure State Feedback Switching Control Based on the Online Estimated State for Stochastic Open Quantum Systems

For the n-qubit stochastic open quantum systems,based on the Lyapunov stability theorem and LaSalle’s invariant set principle,a pure state switching control based on on-line estimated state feedback(short for OQST-SFC)is proposed to realize the state transition the pure state of the target state including eigenstate and superposition state.The proposed switching control consists of a constant control and a control law designed based on the Lyapunov method,in which the Lyapunov function is the state distance of the system.The constant control is used to drive the system state from an initial state to the convergence domain only containing the target state,and a Lyapunov-based control is used to make the state enter the convergence domain and then continue to converge to the target state.At the same time,the continuous weak measurement of quantum system and the quantum state tomography method based on the on-line alternating direction multiplier(QST-OADM)are used to obtain the system information and estimate the quantum state which is used as the input of the quantum system controller.Then,the pure state feedback switching control method based on the on-line estimated state feedback is realized in an n-qubit stochastic open quantum system.The complete derivation process of n-qubit QST-OADM algorithm is given;Through strict theoretical proof and analysis,the convergence conditions to ensure any initial state of the quantum system to converge the target pure state are given.The proposed control method is applied to a 2-qubit stochastic open quantum system for numerical simulation experiments.Four possible different position cases between the initial estimated state and that of the controlled system are studied and discussed,and the performances of the state transition under the corresponding cases are analyzed.

Discussion on Dust Removal(Suppression)System of Crushing Station in Open-Pit Coal Mine

This paper introduces the method of coal dust treatment in crushing station and the present situation of dust removal system in typical open-pit coal mine crushing station in China,and expounds the research idea of determining comprehensive dust removal(suppression)system in crushing station inspired by the working principle of"range hood".Based on the design example and link optimization of the crush-ing station of open-pit coal mine I of Thar coalfield,this paper finally draws some conclusions on the key technologies of dust removal(suppression)system of open-pit coal mine crushing station.This study has certain reference value for the technical innovation of dust removal(suppression)system in crushing station,the realization of green mining in"crushing link",and the reduction and avoidance of ecological environment pollution in mining area.

The Research on Open Sharing of Higher Education Park Based on Intelligent Security System

The intelligent security system is a series of systems that use modern information technology means such as artificial intelligence, cloud computing, big data, face recognition to carry out comprehensive monitoring, early warning, prevention and control, disposal, etc, for security protection. It is the development trend of security system in the future, and it is also the basis for open sharing between higher education parks and universities. By using content analysis, unstructured interviews and other research methods, this paper deeply studies the feasibility and basic ideas of the construction of intelligent security system in Shahe Higher Education Park, and forms basic experience and typical practices through the project construction, which further promotes the more intelligent, standardized and scientific safety management in colleges and universities. It really provides an important theoretical basis and practical guidance for the opening and sharing between higher education parks and universities.

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering and Nonlocality in Open Quantum Systems

We investigate the dynamical behavior of quantum steering (QS), Bell nonlocality, and entanglement in open quantum systems. We focus on a two-qubit system evolving within the framework of Kossakowski-type quantum dynamical semigroups. Our findings reveal that the measures of quantumness for the asymptotic states rely on the primary parameter of the quantum model. Furthermore, control over these measures can be achieved through a careful selection of these parameters. Our analysis encompasses various cases, including Bell states, Werner states, and Horodecki states, demonstrating that the asymptotic states can exhibit steering, entanglement, and Bell nonlocality. Additionally, we find that these three quantum measures of correlations can withstand the influence of the environment, maintaining their properties even over extended periods.

Two-dimensional Parameter Relationships for W UMa-type Systems Revisited

Reviewing the empirical and theoretical parameter relationships between various parameters is a good way to understand more about contact binary systems.In this investigation,two-dimensional(2D)relationships for P–MV(system),P–L1,2,M1,2–L1,2,and q–Lratiowere revisited.The sample used is related to 118 contact binary systems with an orbital period shorter than 0.6 days whose absolute parameters were estimated based on the Gaia Data Release 3 parallax.We reviewed previous studies on 2D relationships and updated six parameter relationships.Therefore,Markov chain Monte Carlo and Machine Learning methods were used,and the outcomes were compared.We selected 22 contact binary systems from eight previous studies for comparison,which had light curve solutions using spectroscopic data.The results show that the systems are in good agreement with the results of this study.

Design and analysis of an advanced thermal management system for the solar close observations and proximity experiments spacecraft

In this paper,the mission and the thermal environment of the Solar Close Observations and Proximity Experiments(SCOPE)spacecraft are analyzed,and an advanced thermal management system(ATMS)is designed for it.The relationship and functions of the integrated database,the intelligent thermal control system and the efficient liquid cooling system in the ATMS are elaborated upon.For the complex thermal field regulation system and extreme space thermal environment,a modular simulation and thermal field planning method are proposed,and the feasibility of the planning algorithm is verified by numerical simulation.A solar array liquid cooling system is developed,and the system simulation results indicate that the temperatures of the solar arrays meet the requirements as the spacecraft flies by perihelion and aphelion.The advanced thermal management study supports the development of the SCOPE program and provides a reference for the thermal management in other deep-space exploration programs.

Artificial intelligence powered glucose monitoring and controlling system:Pumping module

BACKGROUND Diabetes,a globally escalating health concern,necessitates innovative solutions for efficient detection and management.Blood glucose control is an essential aspect of managing diabetes and finding the most effective ways to control it.The latest findings suggest that a basal insulin administration rate and a single,highconcentration injection before a meal may not be sufficient to maintain healthy blood glucose levels.While the basal insulin rate treatment can stabilize blood glucose levels over the long term,it may not be enough to bring the levels below the post-meal limit after 60 min.The short-term impacts of meals can be greatly reduced by high-concentration injections,which can help stabilize blood glucose levels.Unfortunately,they cannot provide long-term stability to satisfy the postmeal or pre-meal restrictions.However,proportional-integral-derivative(PID)control with basal dose maintains the blood glucose levels within the range for a longer period.AIM To develop a closed-loop electronic system to pump required insulin into the patient's body automatically in synchronization with glucose sensor readings.METHODS The proposed system integrates a glucose sensor,decision unit,and pumping module to specifically address the pumping of insulin and enhance system effectiveness.Serving as the intelligence hub,the decision unit analyzes data from the glucose sensor to determine the optimal insulin dosage,guided by a pre-existing glucose and insulin level table.The artificial intelligence detection block processes this information,providing decision instructions to the pumping module.Equipped with communication antennas,the glucose sensor and micropump operate in a feedback loop,creating a closed-loop system that eliminates the need for manual intervention.RESULTS The incorporation of a PID controller to assess and regulate blood glucose and insulin levels in individuals with diabetes introduces a sophisticated and dynamic element to diabetes management.The simulation not only allows visualization of how the body responds to different inputs but also offers a valuable tool for predicting and testing the effects of various interventions over time.The PID controller's role in adjusting insulin dosage based on the discrepancy between desired setpoints and actual measurements showcases a proactive strategy for maintaining blood glucose levels within a healthy range.This dynamic feedback loop not only delays the onset of steady-state conditions but also effectively counteracts post-meal spikes in blood glucose.CONCLUSION The WiFi-controlled voltage controller and the PID controller simulation collectively underscore the ongoing efforts to enhance efficiency,safety,and personalized care within the realm of diabetes management.These technological advancements not only contribute to the optimization of insulin delivery systems but also have the potential to reshape our understanding of glucose and insulin dynamics,fostering a new era of precision medicine in the treatment of diabetes.

Formation of a Rapidly Rotating Classical Be-star in a Massive Close Binary System

This paper investigates the spin-up of a mass-accreting star in a close binary system passing through the first stage of mass exchange in the Hertzsprung gap. Inside an accreting star, angular momentum is carried by meridional circulation and shear turbulence. The circulation carries part of the angular momentum of the accreted layers to the accretor's surface. The greater the rate of arrival of angular momentum in the accretor is, the greater this part. It is assumed that this part of the angular momentum can be removed by the disk further from the accretor. If the angular momentum in the matter entering the accretor is more than half the Keplerian value, then the angular momentum obtained by the accretor during mass exchange stage does not depend on the rate of arrival of angular momentum. The accretor may have the characteristics of a Be-star immediately after the end of mass exchange.

Virtual Keyboard:A Real-Time Hand Gesture Recognition-Based Character Input System Using LSTM and Mediapipe Holistic

In the digital age,non-touch communication technologies are reshaping human-device interactions and raising security concerns.A major challenge in current technology is the misinterpretation of gestures by sensors and cameras,often caused by environmental factors.This issue has spurred the need for advanced data processing methods to achieve more accurate gesture recognition and predictions.Our study presents a novel virtual keyboard allowing character input via distinct hand gestures,focusing on two key aspects:hand gesture recognition and character input mechanisms.We developed a novel model with LSTM and fully connected layers for enhanced sequential data processing and hand gesture recognition.We also integrated CNN,max-pooling,and dropout layers for improved spatial feature extraction.This model architecture processes both temporal and spatial aspects of hand gestures,using LSTM to extract complex patterns from frame sequences for a comprehensive understanding of input data.Our unique dataset,essential for training the model,includes 1,662 landmarks from dynamic hand gestures,33 postures,and 468 face landmarks,all captured in real-time using advanced pose estimation.The model demonstrated high accuracy,achieving 98.52%in hand gesture recognition and over 97%in character input across different scenarios.Its excellent performance in real-time testing underlines its practicality and effectiveness,marking a significant advancement in enhancing human-device interactions in the digital age.

Experimental Study on the Performance of ORC System Based on Ultra-Low Temperature Heat Sources

This paper discussed the experimental results of the performance of an organic Rankine cycle(ORC)system with an ultra-low temperature heat source.The low boiling point working medium R134a was adopted in the system.The simulated heat source temperature(SHST)in this work was set from 39.51°C to 48.60°C by the simulated heat source module.The influence of load percentage of simulated heat source(LPSHS)between 50%and 70%,the rotary valve opening(RVO)between 20%and 100%,the resistive load between 36Ωand 180Ωor the no-load of the generator,as well as the autumn and winter ambient temperature on the system performance were studied.The results showed that the stability of the system was promoted when the generator had a resistive load.The power generation(PG)and generator speed(GS)of the system in autumn were better than in winter,but the expander pressure ratio(EPR)was lower than in winter.Keep RVO unchanged,the SHST,the mass flow rate(MFR)of the working medium,GS,and the PG of the system increased with the increasing of LPSHS for different generator resistance load values.When the RVO was 60%,LPSHS was 70%,the SHST was 44.15°C and the resistive load was 72Ω,the highest PG reached 15.11 W.Finally,a simulation formula was obtained for LPSHS,resistance load,and PG,and its correlation coefficient was between 0.9818 and 0.9901.The formula can accurately predict the PG.The experimental results showed that the standard deviation between the experimental and simulated values was below 0.0792,and the relative error was within±5%.