Comparative Analysis of the Efficacy of Transabdominal Pre-Peritoneal Vs Open Tension-Free Hernia Repair in Treating Inguinal Hernia

Objective:To investigate and analyze the clinical outcomes of inguinal hernia patients treated with transabdominal pre-peritoneal repair(TAPP)versus open tension-free hernia repair.Methods:The study was carried out from January 2021 to August 2023,and a total of 50 inguinal hernia patients were selected for this study.The patients were randomly divided into a study group(n=25)and a control group(n=25)by the numerical table method.The patients in the control group were treated with open tension-free hernia repair,whereas the patients in the study group were treated with TAPP.The surgical and postoperative recovery indexes,complication rates,and recurrence rates of the two groups were compared.Results:There was no significant difference in the operative time and intraoperative blood loss between the two groups(P>0.05),and the postoperative feeding time,time out of bed,and hospitalization time of the study group were shorter than those of the control group(P<0.05);the incidence rate of postoperative complications in the study group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05);and there was no significant difference in the recurrence rate of the two groups after operation(P>0.05).Conclusion:Compared to open tension-free hernia repair,TAPP offers a shorter postoperative recovery duration and hospitalization time,and reduces the incidence of complications.Therefore,this surgical method should be popularized in the treatment of inguinal hernia.

Analysis of Ultrasound-guided Ilioinguinal and Iliohypogastric Nerve Block in Tension-Free Inguinal Hernia Repair in Elderly Patients

Objective:To explore the value of ultrasound-guided ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve block(IINB)in tension-free inguinal hernia repair in elderly patients.Methods:A total of 70 elderly patients with tension-free inguinal hernia repair who treated in the hospital from April 2018 to November 2019 were selected and divided into two groups according to the random number table method,with 35 cases each.The control group underwent infiltration of local anesthesia(LA),and the study group added with IINB.The visual analogue scale(VAS)scores of the two groups of patients were compared.Results:The VAS score of the study group when pulling the hernia sac was lower than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:IINB has good analgesic effect in tensionfree inguinal hernia repair in elderly patients,and it is worth promoting.

Current trends in laparoscopic groin hernia repair: A review

Hernia is a common problem of the modern world with its incidence more in developing countries. Inguinal hernia is the most common groin hernia repaired worldwide. With advancement in technology operative techniques of repair have also evolved. A Pub Med and COCHRANE database search was accomplished in this regard to establish the current status of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair in view of recent published literature. Published literature support that laparoscopic hernia repair is best suited for recurrent and bilateral inguinal hernia although it may be offered for primary inguinal hernia if expertise is available.

Analysis of the Causes of Chronic Pain after Inguinal Hernia Repair without Tension and Its Prevention and Treatment

Purpose: Analyzing the causes of pain after tension-free repair in the inguinal hernia, and propose corresponding treatment strategies. Results: The patients in this group were followed up for 3 - 12 months. A total of 5 patients still had pain relief within 3 months after surgery. Further treatment was needed, and the incidence rate was 5%. Conclusion: Skilled surgical procedures are performed in patients with local anesthesia, and some of the absorbable repair materials can be used. The improved patch fixation and extra peritoneal repair can reduce the pain after inguinal hernia repair without tension.

Laparoscopic bilateral inguinal hernia repair: Should it be the preferred technique?

Inguinal hernias are amongst the most common conditions requiring general surgical intervention.For decades,the preferred approach was the open repair.As laparoscopy became more popular and available and more surgeons became familiarized with this modality,laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair became an alternative.The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of laparoscopic inguinal repair,with a focus on bilateral inguinal hernias.Initial reports have shown promising clinical outcomes compared to those of conventional repair of bilateral hernias.However,there are only a few studies concerning laparoscopic repair of bilateral hernias.It is yet to be proven that laparoscopy is the“gold standard”in the treatment of bilateral inguinal hernias.So far,the choice of an inguinal hernia repair technique has been up to each surgeon,depending on their expertise and available resources after taking into consideration each patient’s needs.

Ultra-Pro Hernia System for Repair of Primary Complex Inguinal Hernia: Should It Be the Technique of Choice?

Purpose: The introduction of light weight three-dimension meshes into the field of inguinal hernia repair showed excellent outcomes. Ultrapro Hernia System (UHS) is one of these three-dimension meshes that allow reinforcing the pre-peritoneal space with minimal fixation. It improves the patient quality of life with rapid resumption of the daily activities. The aim of this study is to evaluate the short-term outcomes of open mesh repair of primary complex inguinal hernia using UHS mesh. Methods: Between November 2013 and November 2015, seventy five male patients with complex primary inguinal hernia were submitted to open inguinal hernia mesh repair using the UHS. Results: The mean age was 46.1 years. Thirty three patients had inguinoscrotal hernias, 14 with Nyhus type IIIA, 22 with Nyhus type IIIB, & 6 patients had strangulated hernias. The mean operative time was 48 minutes. No operative complications were recorded. Post-operatively, the mean VAS scale on 1 day, 1 week, & 1 month was 3.22, 1.2, & 0.3 respectively. The mean duration of oral analgesics use was 2.1 days. None of the patients reported any chronic pain at 12 months post-operatively. Two cases of superficial wound infection were recorded that were treated by oral antibiotics. No recurrence was reported during a mean follow-up period of 26 months. Conclusion: Inguinal hernia repair using UHS is an effective technique that combines the advantages of the anterior and the pre-peritoneal approaches. It improves the patient’s quality of life with minimal recurrence rates. A larger number of patients with longer follow up periods are needed to increase the validity of our results.

镜疝修补术与开放式无张力疝修补术治疗腹股沟疝疗效对比研究

目的对比研究镜疝修补术治疗腹股沟疝的临床疗效。方法方便选取2019年6月—2023年10月启东市第二人民医院收治的123例腹股沟疝患者,采用密闭信封法分为对照组(n=61)、研究组(n=62)。对照组行开放式无张力疝修补术,研究组行镜疝修补术。比较两组围术期指标及并发症发生率。结果研究组手术时间长于对照组,其他指标优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。研究组并发症发生率(3.23%)低于对照组(14.75%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.768,P<0.05)。结论镜疝修补术治疗腹股沟疝的效果优于传统术式,该手术方式具有微创性,对患者机体损伤较轻,同时,该种术式能够降低并发症风险,具有较高的安全性,有利于患者术后机体康复,从而改善患者预后。

腹腔镜疝修补术与开放式无张力疝修补术治疗成人腹股沟疝的有效性及安全性比较

目的探讨腹腔镜疝修补术与开放式无张力疝修补术治疗成人腹股沟疝的有效性与安全性。方法随机选择2020年1月—2023年1月莆田学院附属医院胃肠外科收治的350例成人腹股沟疝患者,以随机数表法将其分为观察组(175例)和对照组(175例),对照组患者应用开放式无张力疝修补术治疗,观察组患者应用腹腔镜疝修补术治疗,比较两组患者的临床疗效,手术时间、下床活动时间、痛感持续时间、术中出血量、住院时间等手术及恢复指标,患者术后1~3 d视觉模拟评分(Visual Analogue Scale,VAS),发生切口感染、尿潴留等并发症发生率以及随访6个月的复发率。结果观察组治疗总有效率为97.71%,高于对照组的81.14%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=25.417,P<0.05)。观察组手术时间比对照组长,术中出血量、下床活动时间、痛感持续时间和住院时间等手术、恢复指标均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。术后1~3 d观察组患者VAS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。并发症发生率为8.57%,低于对照组的20.57%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组随访6个月均未存在复发病例。结论针对成人腹股沟疝患者应用腹腔镜疝修补术治疗比开放式无张力疝修补术治疗更有效,安全性更高,患者术后疼痛少,恢复时间短。

不同疝修补术治疗成年男性腹股沟疝临床比较

目的:比较腹腔镜经腹腹膜前疝修补术(TAPP)、完全腹膜外疝修补术(TEP)及开放疝修补术治疗成年男性腹股沟疝的效果。方法:采用回顾性分析,收集2017年12月—2020年12月于单县东大医院行腹股沟疝切除术患者作为研究对象,采用倾向性评分匹配(PSM)均衡组间协变量,共纳入121例患者,根据手术方式分为A组(36例行TAPP),B组(39例行TEP),C组(46例行开放手术疝修补术)。比较三组相关指标,所有患者均随访至2021年12月,比较三组复发情况。结果:A组、B组术中出血量少于C组,A组、B组术后疼痛持续时间、术后下床时间、住院时间均短于C组,C组手术时间短于A组、B组,A组手术时间短于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三组术后3 d、5 d胃泌素(GAS)水平、睾丸动脉最大血流速度比较,C组低于A组和B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组、C组手术前后GAS比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);C组手术前后睾丸动脉最大血流速度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组、B组并发症发生率低于C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);三组复发率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:TEP和TAPP与开放疝修补术比较创伤小,对局部血流影响小,并发症少;TEP与TAPP和开放疝修补术比较对消化系统影响更小,但TEP手术时间长,对术者要求高。

腹腔镜疝修补术与开放式无张力疝修补术治疗成人腹股沟疝的对比研究

目的探讨成人腹股沟疝患者应用腹腔镜疝修补术与开放式无张力疝修补术的临床价值。方法回顾性选取2023年1—12月六枝特区人民医院收治的71例腹股沟疝患者的临床资料,根据手术治疗方法,将其分为观察组(n=37,腹腔镜疝修补术治疗)与对照组(n=34,无张力疝修补术)。比较两组手术相关指标、术后恢复情况、C反应蛋白(C-reactive Protein,CRP)、白细胞介素-6(Interleukin 6,IL-6)与并发症情况。结果观察组手术总用时、住院总时长、术中出血量为(90.62±15.76)min、(6.92±0.98)d、(62.33±10.51)mL,优于对照组的(105.47±22.32)min、(9.21±2.17)d、(67.81±11.53)mL,差异有统计学意义(t=3.213、5.647、2.095,P均<0.05)。观察组疼痛持续时间、首次下床时间与首次正常活动时间均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);观察组IL-6、CRP、并发症总发生率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论在成人腹股沟疝患者中,腹腔镜疝修补术有助于缩短手术及住院时间,减轻患者炎症反应,加快术后恢复速度,降低术中出血量及术后并发症风险。

Analysis of the Effect and Efficiency of Tension- Free Hernia Repair and Traditional Surgery in The Treatment of Hernia

Objective: To analyze the efficiency of tension-free hernia repair and traditional surgery in the treatment of hernia. Methods: A total of 80 patients with hernias were selected and randomly into a control group (traditional hernia repair) and an observation group (tension-free hernia repair), of 40 cases each. The perioperative indicators, pain, physiological stress indicators, complications, and recurrence rates between the two groups were compared. Results: The perioperative indexes of the observation group were better than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The postoperative pain score, postoperative physiological stress index level, incidence of complications, and recurrence rate of the observation group were lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In the surgical treatment of hernia, tension-free hernia repair was less traumatic and had a better effect than traditional hernia repair.

腹腔镜完全腹膜外补片植入术治疗双侧腹股沟疝40例疗效分析

目的 总结腹腔镜完全腹膜外补片植入术(TEP)治疗双侧腹股沟疝的临床疗效。方法 分析2016年01月-2021年06月接受治疗的40例双侧腹股沟疝患者的临床资料,将其按照手术治疗的不同方式分为两组:观察组及对照组,观察组24例患者行腹腔镜完全腹膜外补片植入术,对照组16例患者行传统开放无张力疝修补术,比较两组患者的各项手术指标并统计两组患者术后并发症发生率及复发率。结果 观察组手术时间、术后住院时间明显短于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组术中出血量(21.40±3.75)ml较对照组(21.21±3.70 ml)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组术后阴囊血清肿发生率及复发率均显著小于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 腹腔镜完全腹膜外补片植入术用于治疗双侧腹股沟疝具有明显优势,并有创伤小、术后疼痛轻、恢复快、术后并发症及复发率低。

比较单孔腹腔镜与传统开放手术治疗儿童腹股沟斜疝疗效

目的比较单孔腹腔镜与传统开放手术治疗儿童腹股沟斜疝疗效差异。方法回顾性选取2019年6月—2021年6月南宁市第二人民医院五象医院普外科收治的接受单孔腹腔镜疝修补术治疗的79例儿童腹股沟斜疝患儿作为腔镜组,同期采用传统开放手术治疗的53例儿童腹股沟斜疝患儿作为传统组。比较两组手术时间、手术出血量,术后住院时间、阴囊肿胀、切口瘢痕、复发率及满意率。结果腔镜组的手术时间、手术出血量、术后住院时间分别为(33.30±6.00)min、(2.05±0.28)mL、(2.58±0.98)d,均少于传统组的(60.26±11.81)min、(3.62±0.60)mL、(3.22±1.20)d,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。腔镜组术后阴囊肿胀、术后瘢痕发生率分别为2.5%、1.3%,均低于传统组的11.3%、11.3%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。腔镜组与传统组术后复发率分别为1.3%、1.9%,满意率分别为98.7%、92.5%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论与传统开放手术相比,单孔腹腔镜疝修补术治疗儿童腹股沟斜疝具有安全可靠、创伤小、恢复快、并发症少的优势,具有明显临床应有价值。

TEP、TAPP与开放疝修补术治疗老年腹股沟疝的疗效比较

目的观察并比较完全腹膜外腹腔镜疝修补术(TEP)、腹腔镜经腹腔腹膜前补片植入术(TAPP)和开放疝修补术治疗老年腹股沟疝患者的疗效,为患者治疗该病症提供优选方案。方法回顾性选取2017年1月—2023年1月于安徽省铜陵市人民医院就诊的101例老年腹股沟疝患者的临床资料进行分析,根据不同手术方式将患者分为TEP组(35例)、TAPP组(26例)和开放组(40例)。观察并比较3组的围术期指标及术后康复、并发症发生情况;比较3组术后1个月生活质量评分。结果开放组的手术时间显著短于TEP组、TAPP组(均P<0.05);开放组术中出血量多于TEP组,而少于TAPP组(均P<0.05);TEP组手术时间短于TAPP组,术中出血量低于TAPP组(均P<0.05)。开放组术后肠功能恢复时间显著短于TEP组、TAPP组,但恢复正常活动时间、住院时间显著长于TEP组、TAPP组(均P<0.05);开放组术后疼痛评分显著高于TEP组、TAPP组(P<0.05);TEP组术后肠功能恢复时间短于TAPP组(P<0.05);开放组并发症发生率高于TEP组、TAPP组(均P<0.05),而TEP组并发症发生率略高于TAPP组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);TEP组术后1个月生活质量各项评分均高于TAPP组、开放组(均P<0.05)。结论TEP、TAPP、开放疝修补术均为治疗老年腹股沟疝的安全有效方法,其中TEP术可减少患者手术创伤,促进患者术后肠功能恢复,提高其生活质量,安全性可靠,具有一定的临床应用价值。

开放腹股沟疝无张力修补术后补片感染B超和CT联合诊断的应用价值

目的探讨开放式腹股沟疝无张力修补术后补片感染B超和CT联合诊断的应用价值。方法开放式腹股沟疝无张力修补术后确诊补片感染病人83例,术前均行B超和腹部CT检查,且以术中证实为确诊标准,比较B超、CT及其联合检查对开放式腹股沟疝无张力修补术后补片感染的诊断价值。结果83例病人中,B超诊断补片感染符合率75.90%(63/83);CT诊断补片感染符合率为86.74%(72/83),B超联合CT诊断诊断补片感染符合率为87.95%(73/83)。B超、CT、B超联合CT预判补片感染深度与手术中证实结果相比的准确度、灵敏度、特异度、Kappa值分别为88.76%、75.73%、90.58%、0.695;91.16%、80.96%、93.06%、0.774;91.97%、83.52%、93.64%、0.795。联合检查对诊断开放式腹股沟疝无张力修补术术后补片感染的应用价值优于单独超声检查和单独CT检查,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论B超联合CT诊断开放式腹股沟疝无张力修补术后补片感染的应用价值优于单独超声检查和单独CT检查。

开放式无张力疝修补术与腹腔镜疝修补术治疗腹股沟疝疗效比较

目的 探讨对腹股沟疝予开放式无张力修补与腹腔镜修补的效果差异。方法 选择如皋市中医院2019年1月—2022年12月收治的予择期手术的72例腹股沟疝患者为研究对象,并按照随机数表法分组,对照组(n=36)予开放式无张力疝修补术治疗,观察组(n=36)采用腹腔镜修补,比较两组患者手术及恢复指标,检测术前术后肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein, CRP)、白介素-6(interleukin-6, IL-6)评估手术前后炎症反应状态,并对比并发症发生率。结果 与对照组比,观察组腹股沟疝患者的手术时间更长,出血量更少,排气、下床、住院时间更短,术后疼痛评分更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后观察组TNF-α(9.41±1.76)ng/L、CRP(10.71±1.85)mg/L、IL-6(25.24±4.10)pg/mL,水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=6.920、8.081、14.145,P<0.05);观察组术后并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 对腹股沟疝患者采用腹腔镜治疗相较于开放式无张力性修补操作时间略长,但机体损伤小,患者术后恢复快,能减轻炎症反应,降低并发症风险。

老年腹股沟疝患者行开放式腹股沟疝补片修补术术后切口疼痛及其影响因素分析

目的探讨老年腹股沟疝患者行开放式腹股沟疝补片修补术术后切口疼痛情况及影响因素。方法选取2022年1月—2023年1月在南京医科大学附属第一医院行开放式腹股沟疝补片修补术的362例老年腹股沟疝患者作为研究对象,统计患者术后切口疼痛情况,并采用二元多因素Logistic分析方法分析术后切口疼痛的影响因素。结果362例老年患者视觉模拟评分(VAS)评分为(2.02±0.48)分,其中308例术后轻度切口疼痛,54例术后中重度切口疼痛;二元多因素Logistic分析显示,年龄≤75岁(OR=3.565)、BMI>24 kg/m^(2)(OR=3.021)、术前VAS评分>3分(OR=3.016)、慢性疼痛史(OR=15.048)、复发性疝(OR=4.344)、感染(OR=8.574)、术前焦虑(OR=2.745)均为影响术后切口疼痛的独立危险因素(P<0.05);成功构建了术后切口疼痛风险预测模型,预测模型AUC为0.861。结论年龄≤75岁、BMI>24 kg/m^(2)、术前VAS评分>3分、慢性疼痛史、复发性疝、感染、术前焦虑均可能为老年开放式腹股沟疝补片修补术术后切口疼痛的高危因素,临床可进行早期预防和干预,以改善术后切口疼痛。

成人腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术和开放式腹股沟疝修补术的临床效果分析

目的分析比较成人腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术、开放式腹股沟疝修补术的临床效果。方法方便选择2021年12月—2022年8月于徐州市肿瘤医院北院接受治疗的46例成人腹股沟疝患者为研究对象,依据随机数字表形式分为对照组(16例,实施开放式腹股沟疝修补术)与观察组(30例,实施腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术)。对比两组治疗效果、手术指标、预后恢复指标、疼痛程度、并发症发生情况。结果观察组治疗有效率(96.67%)与对照组(93.75%)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组手术时间为(66.45±7.10)min长于对照组的(48.02±5.64)min,术中出血量为(21.56±2.87)mL、切口长度为(1.35±0.34)cm优于对照组的(41.25±6.34)mL、(4.12±0.55)cm,差异有统计学意义(t=8.968、14.541、21.131,P<0.05)。观察组术后下床、进食、疼痛缓解及住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组术后12、24 h的VAS评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率6.67%低于对照组的37.50%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.926,P<0.05)。结论开放式疝修补术、腹腔镜疝修补术在成人腹股沟疝治疗中均具有良好疗效,但腹腔镜手术术中对患者损伤更小,出血量较少,预后疼痛轻微且并发症少。

腹腔镜经腹腹膜前疝修补术与开放补片修补术治疗隐匿性腹股沟疝的疗效比较

目的探讨腹腔镜经腹腹膜前疝修补术与开放补片修补术治疗隐匿性腹股沟疝的疗效。方法选取2021年10月至2022年10月济宁医学院附属医院收治的96例隐匿性腹股沟疝患者,按照随机数字表法分为常规组48例、观察组48例。常规组年龄(63.85±5.65)岁,观察组年龄(64.85±5.87)岁。常规组给予开放补片修补术治疗,观察组给予腹腔镜经腹腹膜前疝修补术治疗。对比两组术中出血量和住院时间,对比两组治疗前后疼痛感评分(于术前、术后12 h采用Prince-Henry疼痛评分评价疼痛程度),对比治疗前后两组尿动力学以及并发症发生率。采用t检验、χ^(2)检验。结果观察组术中出血量(32.54±3.25)ml少于常规组(39.63±4.85)ml(t=8.414,P<0.001),住院时间(6.87±0.63)d短于常规组(8.25±1.12)d(t=7.440,P<0.001)。术前观察组、常规组患者Prince-Henry疼痛评分比较[(3.89±0.58)分比(3.85±0.52)分],差异无统计学意义(t=0.356,P=0.723);两组患者术后12 h Prince-Henry评分均降低,观察组术后12 h Prince-Henry评分低于常规组[(1.50±0.61)分比(2.96±1.42)分](t=6.545,P<0.001)。治疗前,两组膀胱顺应性、急迫尿意时膀胱容量对比差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),治疗后两组患者膀胱顺应性、急迫尿意时膀胱容量均升高(均P<0.05),且观察组膀胱顺应性、急迫尿意时膀胱容量高于常规组(均P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率低于常规组[6.25%(3/48)比20.85%(10/48)](χ^(2)=4.360,P=0.037)。结论隐匿性腹股沟疝患者采用腹腔镜经腹腹膜前疝修补术治疗能够促进恢复,缓解疼痛,有利于改善患者的尿动力学,降低并发症发生率,值得在临床中推广与应用。

腹腔镜无张力疝修补术治疗腹股沟疝患者的效果及对血清疼痛指标和并发症的影响

目的:探讨腹腔镜无张力疝修补术治疗腹股沟疝患者的效果及对血清疼痛指标和并发症的影响。方法:采用随机抽样方法选取2017年1月—2023年1月南通市肿瘤医院(南院)收治的100例腹股沟疝患者作为研究对象。根据随机数表法将其分为试验组和对照组,各50例。对照组采用开放式无张力疝修补术,试验组采用腹腔镜无张力疝修补术。比较两组围手术期指标,术前、术后疼痛程度,术前和术后1 h血清疼痛指标及并发症。结果:试验组手术时间、住院时间均短于对照组,术中出血量少于对照组,肛门排气时间早于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1 d,试验组视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1 h,试验组去甲肾上腺素(NE)、神经生长因子(NGF)、神经肽Y(NPY)、P物质(SP)水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:腹腔镜无张力疝修补术可以有效降低腹股沟疝患者血清疼痛指标水平和并发症发生率,有助于患者的术后恢复。