面向电气工程实际的多物理场数值仿真开放实验教学

在电气工程专业本科生电磁场实验教学中,开展面向电气工程实际的多物理场数值仿真开放实验教学,对培养学生的工程观念、综合应用多学科专业知识解决实际电气工程问题的能力具有重要的意义。以电力系统中广泛应用的电力设备——干式空心电抗器为研究对象,阐述了开设干式空心电抗器电、磁、热以及力场等多物理场数值仿真开放实验的目的、内容及实施过程。这些开放实验取得了良好的教学效果。

宁心解郁胶囊对慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠Open-Field行为的影响

[目的]探讨宁心解郁胶囊的抗抑郁作用及可能的机制。[方法]以孤养加慢性轻度不可预见性应激方法建立大鼠抑郁模型,用Open-Field方法进行行为学评定,观察模型大鼠给药前后的行为学变化。[结果]经过孤养加慢性轻度不可预见性应激方法造模后的大鼠,Open-Field行为学评定中模型组大鼠的总路程、平均速度、中央活动路程、中央活动时间、各角的活动路程和时间均较空白组有统计学差异(P<0.05)。治疗后大鼠的总活动路程、平均速度、中央活动时间、中央活动路程、下边活动路程、下边活动时间、各角的活动路程和时间均较模型组有统计学差异(P<0.05),活动路程较模型组增加,活动时间较模型组增加,且以中剂量组效果显著。[结论]宁心解郁胶囊具有抗抑郁作用,对大鼠抑郁行为有明显改善。

基于动物运动轨迹分析系统探讨旷场实验的规范化研究

目的本研究旨在探讨旷场实验操作的要求和注意事项,并通过动物运动轨迹分析系统的应用,优化实验流程,以提高数据的可靠性和实验效率。方法通过对已发表的期刊论文进行综合分析,识别出旷场实验中常见的操作不规范及数据解读不准确的问题。随后,基于动物运动轨迹分析系统,提出旷场实验的标准化操作程序和注意事项,并进行详实的解读。结果分析发现,当前旷场实验中存在实验数据稀缺、不可靠,甚至无有效数据可用的情况,主要由于操作不规范和结果解读不准确。通过实施标准化的操作流程和使用先进的运动轨迹分析系统,能够显著提升实验数据的质量和可靠性。结论规范化旷场实验操作和正确使用动物运动轨迹行为学分析软件是获得高质量实验数据的关键。实施这些改进措施可以减少实验资源的浪费,提高研究的科学性和有效性。

Differences of Photosynthetic Characteristics of the Grape Cultivated in Greenhouse and Open Field in Turpan

[Objective] This study compared the leaf photosynthetic characteristics of Turpan grape cultivated in greenhouses and open field to provide a scientific basis for the high-quality and high-yield cultivation of grape. [Method] Two precocious grape varieties as experimental materials were cultivated in greenhouses and open field, and their net photosynthetic rates （Pn）, photo-response curves and CO2 response curves were determined using Li-400XT portable photosynthesis system. [Result] The leaf Pn of the two varieties cultivated in open field was higher than that in greenhouse. The Pn of Hongqitezao cultivated in open field was the highest, up to 19.79 μmol/（m^2·s）; in the photo-response curves, Hongqitezao cultivated in greenhouse had the largest Pnmax and apparent quantum yield （AQY）, while the Flame Seedless in greenhouse had the smallest light compensation point （LCP）. The light saturation point （LSP） value of greenhouse cultivation was higher than that of open field cultivation. In the CO2 response test, the dark respiration rate （Rd） and Pnmax of greenhouse cultivation were higher than those of open field cultivation, and the carboxylation efficiency （CE） of greenhouse cultivation was lower than that of open field cultivation; the CO2 compensation point （CCP） and CO2 saturation point （CSP） of greenhouse cultivation were lower than those of open field cultivation. [Conclusion] The utilization of elevated light in greenhouse cultivation was more efficient than in open field cultivation; however, the utilization of elevated CO2 in greenhouse cultivation was weaker than tin open field cultivation.

再谈基于Open Source技术的网络安全实验专题设计

本文介绍了笔者基于Open Source技术所设计的一些网络安全实验，并详细介绍了每个实验的平台构建和实验项目。

基于Open Stack的计算机实验室自助服务平台的设计与实现

云计算是一种基于互联网的计算模式。基础设施即服务(IaaS)是云计算最底层的服务模式。它通过分布式存储和虚拟化等技术,将服务器、存储、网络等物理资源虚拟成易扩展、可按需分配的弹性虚拟资源池。近年来,国内外的Iaa S产品竞争日益激烈,如何让Iaa S服务于更多的应用场景,成为云计算的新命题。Opens tack是一个开源的云计算项目,可以帮助服务商和企业内部实现Iaa S平台。

基于旷场实验的社交行为分类学习方法

旷场实验是动物行为学与药物实验分析中常用的实验方法。为了获取药物对小鼠情感变化的影响程度,通常需要多只小鼠来进行实验。在记录多只小鼠行为状态的过程中,不可避免地会产生遮挡问题,导致对小鼠行为差异的观测精确度降低,从而影响对药物疗效的判断。为了解决此问题,本文以真实状态下拍摄的数据集作为研究对象,提出虚拟柔态模型来对遮挡部分信息进行预测,对所分类的特征进行数据增强,进而提高了社交行为分类的准确率。在测试中,该方法对于3种行为分类的准确率分别为92.8%、99.7%、99.0%。另外,本文提出的虚拟柔态模型是基于单相机拍摄,有效减少了拍摄时的人为误差以及成本耗费,其社交行为分类准确率与三维空间拍摄的分类准确率相似,但在硬件设施上以及数据集处理方面优于现有的分类方法。

基于OpenStack的校园实验室私有云构建及高可用性研究

近几年云计算的发展如火如荼,大大地促进了科技发展和社会进步,云计算在各个领域应用十分广泛,校园也不例外。构建基于Open Stack的校园实验室私有云平台,能够帮助实验室整合科研资源,降低实验室软硬件成本,提高实验室资源共享能力,从而提高师生科研水平,对校园实验室的未来发展有着重要意义。本文简要介绍云计算、私有云、Open Stack及它们的优势特点;重点阐述如何构建基于Open Stack的校园实验室私有云以及分析如何实现其高可用性。

Comparative Experiment of Ground Cucumber Varieties for Open Field Cultivation

Seven ground cucumber varieties were cultivated in open field for the comparative experiment. The results showed that Texuan cucumber and Yantai ground cucumber had good commodity characters,good taste and high yield,and their output value exceeded 16 000 yuan/666. 7 m2,so they are more suitable for open cultivation in Yantai region. The next ones are Meiyu Diguawang and Aweishi ground cucumber.

Positions Open in the Field of Plasma and Fusion

Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ASIPP), one of the most important laboratories on magnetically confined fusion in China and the Nuclear Fusion Research Center of the World Laboratory, is searching for 5 senior and 10 junior scientists of plasma and fusion in the following superconducting tokamak research areas: theory and simulation, diverter and edge physics, plasma diagnostics, electron cyclotron resonant heating, ion cyclotron resonant heating, lower hybrid wave, neutral beam injection, reactor design, fusion material, superconducting engineering.

Positions Open in the Field of Plasma and Fusion

Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ASIPP), one of the most important Laboratories on magnetically confined fusion in China and the Nuclear Fusion Research Center of the World Laboratory, is searching for 5 senior and 10 junior scientists of plasma and fusion in the following superconducting tokamak research areas: theory and simulation, diverter and edge physics, plasma diagnostics, electron cyclotron resonant heating, ion cyclotron resonant heating, lower hybrid wave, neutral beam injection, reactor design, fusion material, superconducting engineering.

Positions Open in the Field of Plasma and Fusion

Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ASIPP), one of the most important laboratories on magnetically confined fusion in China and the Nuclear Fusion Research Center of the World Laboratory, is searching for 5 senior and 10 junior scientists of plasma and fusion in the following superconducting tokamak research areas: theory and simulation, diverter and edge physics, plasma diagnostics, electron cyclotron resonant heating, ion cyclotron resonant heating, lower hybrid wave, neutral beam injection, reactor design, fusion material, superconducting engineering.

Experimental Measurement of Minority Carriers Effective Lifetime in Silicon Solar Cell Using Open Circuit Voltage Decay under Magnetic Field in Transient Mode

This manuscript presents a simple method for excess minority carriers’ lifetime measurement within the base region of p-n junction polycrystalline solar cell in transient mode. This work is an experimental transient 3-Dimensionnal study. The magnitude of the magnetic field B is varied from 0 mT to 0.045 mT. Indeed, the solar cell is illuminated by a stroboscopic flash with air mass 1.5 and under magnetic field in transient state. The experimental details are assumed in a figure. The procedure is outlined by the Open Circuit Voltage Decay analysis. Effective minority carrier life-time is calculated by fitting the linear zone of the transient voltage decay curve because linear decay is an ideal decay. The kaleidagraph software permits access to the slope of the curve which is inversely proportional to the lifetime. The external magnetic effects on minority carriers’ effective lifetime is then presented and analyzed. The analysis shows that the charge carrier’s effective lifetime decrease with the magnetic field increase.

Comparison of Cold Tolerance in Three Ground-cover Chrysanthemum Cultivars during Wintering in the Open Field

[Objectives]Among many chrysanthemum types,the ground-cover chrysanthemum cultivar group has the characteristics of dwarf plant,long flowering period,rich color and strong resistance to stress.This study aimed to screen out cultivars with strong cold tolerance in order that they can be used for planting in urban green space and economic forests in northern cold areas,so as to enrich the plant community structures of landscape in cold regions.[Methods]Three ground-cover chrysanthemum cultivars,i.e.,‘Meiaihuang’,‘Xinhong’and‘Zixunzhang’,were selected as the experimental materials.During the wintering period in the field in Beijing,they were observed and measured for the changes of the morphological manifestations and the physiological indices,and the relationship between the indices and low temperature was analyzed.The cold tolerance of the three ground-cover chrysanthemum cultivars was also comprehensively evaluated.[Results]During the open-field overwintering period,the root activity of the three ground-cover chrysanthemum cultivars increased slowly with cooling,decreased at the freezing low temperature,and then increased again in early spring.With natural cooling,the membrane injury percentages(MIPs)of the leaves and foot shoots increased significantly,and the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA)increased;the contents of soluble sugar(SS)and proline(Pro)gradually accumulated,and the contents of SS and Pro in foot shoots increased significantly in late winter;and the superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity showed a similar trend of rising slowly at first and then increasing significantly.There were correlations between MIPs in the leaves and foot shoots of the three cultivars and other physiological indices:a significant negative correlation with MDA content,and a significant positive correlation with SS content,Pro content and SOD activity.[Conclusions]Combining the morphological manifestations and physiological indices,the cold tolerance of the three ground-cover chrysanthemum cultivars was evaluated by the subordinate function method.The results showed that the cold tolerance of the three ground-cover chrysanthemum cultivars ranked as‘Meiaihuang’>‘Xinhong’>‘Zixunzhang’.The strong cold tolerance of foot shoots and roots was the main reason that the three ground-cover chrysanthemum cultivars could overwinter in the open field.

Bruch's membrane opening-minimum rim width and visual field loss in glaucoma:a broken stick analysis

AIM：To determine the Bruch＇s membrane opening-minimum rim width（BMO-MRW） tipping point where corresponding visual field（VF） damages become detectable.METHODS：A total of 85 normal subjects and 83 glaucoma patients（one eye per participant） were recruited for the study.All of the patients had VF examinations and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography to measure the BMO-MRW.Total deviation values for 52 VF points were allocated to the corresponding sector according to the Garway-Heath distribution map.To evaluate the relationship between VF loss and BMOMRW measurements,a ＂broken-stick＂ statistical model was used.The tipping point where the VF values started to sharply decrease as a function of BMO-MRW measurements was estimated and the slopes above and below this tipping point were compared.RESULTS：A 25.9% global BMO-MRW loss from normative value was required for the VF loss to be detectable.Sectorally,substantial BMO-MRW thinning in inferotemporal sector（33.1%） and relatively less BMO-MRW thinning in the superotemporal sector（8.9%） were necessary for the detection of the VF loss.Beyond the tipping point,the slopes were close to zero throughout all of the sectors and the VF loss was unrelated to the BMO-MRW loss.The VF loss was related to the BMO-MRW loss below the tipping point.The difference between the two slopes was statistically significant（P≤0.002）.CONCLUSION：Substantial BMO-MRW loss appears to be necessary for VF loss to be detectable in patients with open angle glaucoma with standard achromatic perimetry.

Analysis of the Declining of Open Field System in the Medieval England from the Perspective of Institutional Transition

Open field system is the most important land farming system in the middle part of the Medieval England. It has the property of private property and common property right and exited for very long time. This article analyzed how the open field system was replaced by the enclosure system from the perspective of institutional t transition. By carrying on the detailed investigation, it can provide certain enlightenments and references to deepen rural reform, especially promoting the reasonable transfer of rural land use rights in China.

Suitability of open-field autorefractors as pupillometers and instrument design effects

AIM：To determine the agreement and repeatability of the pupil measurement obtained with VIP-200（Neuroptics）,Power Ref II（Plusoptix）,WAM-5500（Grand Seiko） and study the effects of instrument design on pupillometry.METHODS：Forty patients were measured twice in low,mid and high mesopic.Repeatability was analyzed with the within-subject standard deviation（Sw） and paired t-tests.Agreement was studied with Bland-Altman plots and repeated measures ANOVA.Instrument design analysis consisted on measuring pupil size with Power Ref II simulating monocular and binocular conditions as well as with proximity cues and without proximity cues.RESULTS：The mean difference（±standard deviation） between test-retest for low,mid and high mesopic conditions were,respectively：-0.09（±0.16）,-0.05（±0.18） and-0.08（±0.23） mm for Neuroptics,-0.05（±0.17）,-0.12（±0.23） and-0.17（±0.34） mm for WAM-5500,-0.04（±0.27）,-0.13（±0.37） and-0.11（±0.28） mm for Power Ref II.Regarding agreement with Neuroptics,the mean difference for low,mid and high mesopic conditions were,respectively：-0.48（±0.35）,-0.83（±0.52） and-0.38（±0.56） mm for WAM-5500,-0.28（±0.56）,-0.70（±0.55） and-0.61（±0.54） mm for Power Ref II.The mean difference of binocular minus monocular pupil measurements was：-0.83（±0.87） mm;and with proximity cues minus without proximity cues was：-0.30（±0.77） mm.CONCLUSION：All the instruments show similar repeatability.In all illumination conditions,agreement of Neuroptics with WAM-5500 and Power Ref II is not good enough,which can be partially induced due to their open field design.

吸气式直流低速风洞实验平台设计与应用

为了研究风力机叶片、翼型、建筑模型的空气动力学性能和流场特性,研究设计了一套吸气式直流低速风洞实验平台。该平台由电动机、变频器、整流装置、收缩段、实验段及扩散段等部分组成,采用热线风速仪、皮托管、麦克风分别对实验段流场和噪声进行了测定,结果表明:设计的平台流场性能稳定,实验段来流风速在1.5~40 m/s范围内连续可调,来流湍流强度小于0.7%,且气动噪声值在来流风速低于25 m/s时低于90 dB,满足流场品质要求。进一步开展了风力机尾流特性、低矮房屋风载特性、翼型气动特性实验,探讨风力机、低矮房屋和翼型表面风压分布的变化规律,该研究结果可以为风洞实验设计、流场特性和缩尺模型的气动性能研究提供参考。

霍尼韦尔成为CAPE-OPEN实验室网络协会会员

霍尼韦尔近日宣布其CAPE—OPEN实验室网络（CAPE—OPEN Laboratories Net—work．Co—LaN）会员资格已获批准。Co-LaN是一家独立的行业和学术协会，致力促进过程仿真软件中的开放界面标准。

霍尼韦尔成为CAPE—OPEN实验室网络协会会员

2005年11月，霍尼韦尔（Honeywell）宣布获得CAPE—OPEN实验室网络（CAPE—OPEN Laboratofies Network，Co—LaN）会员资格。Co—LaN是一家独立的行业和学术协会，致力促进过程仿真软件中的开放界面标准。