Realizing profits immediately:disposition effect of open-end fund investors in China

This paper explores the disposition effect, the tendency of investors to hold losing investments too long and sell winning investments too soon, by analyzing a unique data set that consists of the buying and selling positions of open-end fund investors in China. Results show that investors' buying and selling behaviors are significantly affected by fund performance. The reasons that lie behind such results are mainly related to the non-persistence of fund performance. When fund performance is non-persistent, investors are not clear about the future returns on funds. So, investors, especially individual investors, would have to realize the profits on hand immediately. Meanwhile, fund investors are highly sensitive to fund age and loading fees, but not sensitive to management fees charged by funds when they buy or sell fund shares.

Empirical study on mutual fund objective classification

Mutual funds are usually classified on the basis of their objectives. If the activities of mutual funds are consistent with their stated objectives, investors may look at the latter as signals of their risks and incomes. This work analyzes mutual fund objective classification in China by statistical methods of distance analysis and discriminant analysis; and examines whether the stated investment objectives of mutual funds adequately represent their attributes to investors. That is, if mutual funds adhere to their stated objectives, attributes must be heterogeneous between investment objective groups and homogeneous within them. Our conclusion is to some degree, the group of optimized exponential funds is heterogeneous to other groups. As a whole, there exist no significant differences between different objective groups; and 50% of mutual funds are not consistent with their objective groups.

Evaluation of the robusticity of mutual fund performance in Ghana using Enhanced Resilient Backpropagation Neural Network(ERBPNN)and Fast Adaptive Neural Network Classifier(FANNC)

Mutual fund investment continues to play a very important role in the world financial markets especially in developing economies where the capital market is not very matured and tolerant of small scale investors.The total mutual fund asset globally as at the end of 2016 was in excess of$40.4 trillion.Despite its success there are uncertainties as to whether mutual funds in Ghana obtain optimal performance relative to their counterparts in United States,Luxembourg,Ireland,France,Australia,United Kingdom,Japan,China and Brazil.We contribute to the extant literature on mutual fund performance evaluation using a collection of more sophisticated econometric models.We selected six continuous historical years that is 2010-2011,2012-2013 and 2014-2015 to construct a mutual fund performance evaluation model utilizing the fast adaptive neural network classifier(FANNC),and to compare our results with those from an enhanced resilient back propagation neural networks(ERBPNN)model.Our FANNC model outperformed the existing models in terms of processing time and error rate.This makes it ideal for financial application that involves large volume of data and routine updates.

The Relation between Performance and Flows of Mutual Funds: Case of the Croatian Fund Market

With pre 2008 euphoria and present depression, inflows to open investment funds and outflows from it shaped general market conditions on the Croatian fund market. This article studies the relationship between performance of open ended investment funds and inflows (outflows) to them on Croatian funds data in an environment without long fund data history, with small number of funds and relatively illiquid underlying equity market. The results suggest that the driving forces behind funds’ flows encompass the combined influence of present month fund’s performance and persistency of past performances. At the end of our analysis we test the significance of the introduced explanatory variables on the data sets that include data for each particular fund. The significance of the introduced explanatory variables varies among different funds, although a general level of the explanatory power is maintained on average.

‘Smart’copycat mutual funds:on the performance of partial imitation strategies

Using a novel measure of stock-level trade imitation,we uncover‘smart’copycats:fund managers that use their own information when beneficial,and otherwise imitate other managers’better trades.Contrary to previous research,we find that these partial imitation strategies lead to outperformance.Our‘Copycat Score’combines the propensity to imitate and to lead trades.Funds at the high and low ends of the score outperform all others.The Copycat Score is persistent in time,related to other measures of skill,and a good predictor of fund performance.We conclude that smart copycatting is another skill of successful fund managers.

Investigating the Islamic and Conventional Mutual Fund Performance: Evidence From Malaysia Equity Market

The phenomena of financial crisis (2007-2008) shows a significant breakdown of US$16 trillion in conventional financial industry. This provides an opportunity for Islamic capital market to drive the global asset growth investments to investors. Previous studies signal mixture results on Islamic mutual fund (IMF) and conventional mutual fund (CMF) performance. This study aims to analyze the performance of 200 IMFs and CMFs from 2007 to 2015. The sub-sample period of 2007 to 2015 will be compared to the era of financial crisis from 2007-2008. Findings show all types of mutual funds are performed throughout 2007 until 2015. The results provide information that would benefit the investors and market players in asset funds selection.

Do Pension Funds Foster Economic Growth Better Than Mutual Funds?

Tensional arguments about pension funds and mutual funds towards economic development and stimulation seem to be inevitable among policymakers and economic agents with little paid attention as in literature.This study however took a comparative significance analysis of these two independent funds in relation to economic growth in the South African economy.We hypothesize that,mutual funds are more powerful than pension funds in fostering economic growth as evidenced by some scenarios where mutual funds are trusted to encounter pension funds risks.We then used multiple linear regression model accompanied by a t-test means difference test as a measure of significance difference between the two towards economic growth.As a primer approach,we used the Pearson correlation analysis and the results were noted.Pension funds are a powerful tool of fighting poverty in economies.However,our results were not in support.Our results tend to agree with our suspicion.From all the methods used,mutual funds proved to have greater impact on stimulating economic growth(GDP)in South Africa.Therefore,South African policymakers and officials should by all ways try to support the mutual fund industry as it have traceable marks on economic growth stimulation but pension funds should not be totally ignored as they play significant roles as well such as poverty fighting and ensuring survivability of the most stressing dependent group in the economy.

Mutual Funds Performance(A Case of Pakistan Open Ended Mutual Funds)

Mutual Funds through its professional managers enable small investors to enjoy benefits of capital market with small amount.This study with special focus on Performance-Chasing Behavior and Mutual Funds in an Emerging Economy like Pakistan.The data of 100 open-end Mutual Funds,for the period 2013 to 2018 was collected from Mutual Fund Association of Pakistan;while the risk free rates data was collected from State Bank of Pakistan and Stock data from Pakistan Stock Exchange for predicting the results,Ratio and models were used to understand its suitability.The study has certain implications for the investors in knowing which funds perform better and which kind of funds are ideal for investment.

城镇职工基本医疗保险统筹基金收支预测——基于E市证据的多方案模拟分析

基本医疗保险是检视城镇职工福利政策执行的重要民生福祉,统筹基本医疗保险基金稳健发展是制度可持续运行的保证。本文以结余较高的基金统筹区E市为例,基于现行筹资、待遇政策,构建职工医保统筹基金收支预测模型,结合职工门诊共济保障改革方向设置无政策干预、实施门诊共济保障改革、2035年取消个人账户并提高待遇水平三种模拟情形,分别预测其2022年至2050年统筹基金收支情况。结果显示,无政策干预下E市职工医保统筹基金将于2022年、2034年分别出现当期、累计结余赤字;门诊共济保障改革实施后当期、累计结余赤字发生时间分别延后20年、8年;若2035年取消个人账户则于2049年出现基金缺口,同步提高普通门诊、门诊慢特病及住院保障水平在2050年以前不会导致累计结余归零。据此,应通过渐进式取消个人账户,实现医保战略性购买,强化多层次医疗保障的效能,增强医保统筹基金可持续性。

抱团取暖:基金团体与季末股价拉升

公募基金行业的高质量发展对于活跃资本市场、推动中国特色现代资本市场建设具有重要意义。基于2005~2021年主动管理型公募基金的股票持仓明细数据识别基金团体,以基金抱团股在季末前后的股价表现为视角,探究基金团体的期末业绩粉饰行为及其内在行为动机。研究结果表明,基金团体对季度末最后两天的股票超额收益存在显著的拉升作用,该结论在经过一系列稳健性检验后仍然成立,而且,基金团体更偏好于对高流动性、高估值的股票进行季末拉升。机制分析中采用大单净买入压力从订单交易层面验证了基金团体在季度末的股价拉升行为,并通过基金净流量以及处于关键排名位置的基金比例来探究基金团体季末股价拉升的行为动机,发现基金经理更多是出于职业忧虑动机,为了掩饰当期糟糕的业绩而抱团拉升股价。此外,基金团体在经济下行时期显著增加的季末股价拉升行为也从侧面支持了职业忧虑动机。研究结论为健全公募基金行业的监管机制、信息披露制度以及绩效评价体系提供了重要的理论依据和参考价值。

机构投资者的“机构化”——基于公募基金持有者结构的实证分析

大力发展机构投资者、着力打造现代金融企业是证券市场走向成熟的标志,也是中国特色现代金融体系发展和优化的关键。然而已有研究多聚焦于机构投资者持股对于公司经营治理等方面的影响,却忽视了这类机构投资者自身股东结构“机构化”的影响。选择公募基金作为机构投资者代表,研究发现“机构化”程度高的基金未来能取得更高的超额收益。为进一步分析内在机制,论文提出了“私有信息机制”“激励机制”和“监督机制”三种假说,检验发现机构投资者不仅可以“用脚投票”,更对公募基金存在积极的激励和监督作用,对基金经理的选股能力和投资的耐心程度有显著的正向影响。研究还发现机构投资者持有的稳定性也是提高基金未来收益的关键因素。论文就金融中介链条问题展开了初步探索,为理解我国资本市场中机构投资者作用提供了更多实证细节和证据,同时也丰富了公募基金领域的研究思路。

How mutual funds respond to asymmetric feedback tradingin China’s stock market

Previous studies show that individual investors play a dominant role in China's stock market.Their behavior of chasing-rise being stronger than killing-fall leads to asymmetry of feedback trading.Our article investigates how mutual funds react to this market force.Using China's stock and fund data from 2003 to 2019,we find that mutual funds tend to hold fewer shares when asymmetric feedback trading of the relevant stock gets more intense.This negative relationship is robust after controlling past returns,turnover rates,and firm risk factors,moreover,it attenuates when the market sentiment is bullish or when stocks are allowed short-selling.Further results show that mutual funds'selling towards asymmetric feedback trading does not make excess return but leads to significant risk reduction.Our findings may be related to uncertainty associated with asymmetric feedback trading,and thus support the limit market participation theory from the second largest stock market.

Chinese Medicine and Natural Products Guideline for Authors

1 Introduction Chinese Medicine and Natural Products(CMNP)a quar-terly,open-access publication that is funded officially by2017 Project for Enhancing International Impact of ChinaSTM Journals.CMNP is devoted to publishing the theoretical and clinicalresearch achievements in the field of Chinese medicine soas to promote the academic exchange of Chinese medicine,enhance mutual references between Chinese and Westernmedicine in medical ideas,theories and technologies。

Chinese Medicine and Natural Products Guideline for Authors

1Introduction Chinese Medicine and Natural Products(CMNP)a quarterly,open-access publication that is funded officilly by 2017 Project for Enhancing International Impact of China STM Journals.CMNP is devoted to publishing the theoretical and clinical research achievements in the field of Chinese medicine so as to promote the academic exchange of Chinese medicine,enhance mutual references between Chinese and Western medicine in medical ideas,theories and technologies,expand the international influence of Chinese medicine and advance its international development.

中东资本投资中国的基本特征、战略考量及应对策略

[研究目的]旨在分析中东资本投资中国的策略背景、特征、战略考量以及中国的应对措施,强调双方在科技创新和产业升级中的互利合作,以及在全球经济新格局中实现合作共赢的重要性。[研究方法]分析中东资本投资中国呈现的特征,剖析中东国家投资中国的战略考量,提出中国应对中东投资策略转变应采取的策略。[研究结论]结果表明,中东资本投资中国呈现出战略性、投资规模庞大、投资渠道多元化、投资领域多元化、投资长期性等特征。中东资本投资中国不只是经济领域的直接利益交换,更是触达政治、科技、文化等更为宏观和深远的层面。当前国际科技合作迎来新的机遇期,中东与中国双向奔赴的时代正在来临。我国应秉持开放、审慎和积极的态度,采取一系列措施,促进多方在科技产业资本化等领域的合作共赢,共同开创世界创新新格局。

中国开放式基金择时能力及其业绩贡献评价研究

利用H-M模型检验了最新时期中国开放式基金的市场时机把握能力和证券选择能力。建立了投资收益Rp与择时系数γ值的函数关系Rp=f(γ),得到不同择时能力系数γ对应的投资收益率Rp。建立了H-M模型中β1和β2参数与γ系数的函数关系γ=g(β1,β2),进而可以得到择时能力产生的投资收益Rp与单只基金的β1和β2参数之间的函数关系Rp=f(γ)=f[g(β1,β2)]。论文的创新与特色一是揭示了在中国市场上择时能力对提高基金业绩的作用。通过计算不同择时能力的投资组合的收益,并与无择时能力的被动管理组合的收益相比较,得到了择时能力在中国市场上能够有效地提高基金业绩的结论。二是揭示了择时能力的业绩贡献与H-M模型中β1、β2参数的对应关系:择时能力系数γ与β1/β2的比值有关,β1/β2的比值越大,择时能力越小,择时净收益Rcp也就越小。这一研究解决了H-M模型只能反映选股能力的业绩贡献大小、不能反映择时能力业绩贡献大小的问题,使基金投资者能够全面判断基金的投资业绩,有利于投资者的投资决策。

有限理性对开放式基金业绩-流量关系的影响

首次探究了投资者情绪和“追逐基金分拆”两个有限理性因素对基金“业绩-流量关系”(performance-flow relationship,PFR)的影响,及其影响机制,并用投资者的框架效应、锚定效应、有限关注和迎合理论进行了解释.首先,文章充分论证了我国基金投资者存在明显的业绩追逐行为,国内开放式基金市场不存在“赎回异象”.其次,发现投资者的有限理性会影响其理性行为:投资者情绪和“追逐基金分拆”不但对基金的净流入有显著正向影响,对基金的“业绩-流量关系”也有显著影响;投资者情绪会增强基金流量对绝对业绩的敏感度,但是会减弱对相对业绩的敏感度,同时也会弱化“明星效应”;分拆会同时减弱基金流量对基金绝对和相对业绩的敏感度,但是不影响“明星效应”.第三,投资者情绪和基金业绩均是通过投资者的申购行为,而不是赎回行为而影响基金流量.最后,进一步论证了基金投资者对基金分拆以及情绪噪音的非理性追逐会损害其长期投资收益.

中国证券投资基金风格分类研究

差异化战略以及特定资产类别的超额收益促使投资基金在募集时就约定投资风格,但投资基金有可能在实际的运作过程中违背事先约定的投资风格.据此,在投资风格分类中引入了聚类分析方法,并同时采用晨星风格箱方法和聚类分析方法对中国证券投资基金的风格进行了分析.结果表明,大多数基金违背了募集说明书中约定的风格.

开放式证券投资基金风险管理系统研究

随着我国金融业对外开放的脚步加快 ,以及金融市场创新工具的逐步推出 ,开放式证券投资基金对风险管理问题的要求日益突出 ,这类机构除了在普通投资机构风险管理方面的要求外 ,对基金流动性和面对投资者巨额赎回等方面的要求更加明显。本文试图从应用角度 ,从制度化、系统化和定量化三方面 ,探讨建立适合我国开放式投资基金的风险管理系统。

我国开放式基金的风格趋同性研究

目前,开放式基金在我国发展极为迅速,基金种类繁多。因此,研究基金投资风格差异性有利于投资者正确选择投资基金,促进基金公司的竞争和基金业的发展。在对开放式基金的特征和投资目标分析的基础上,我们利用实际数据,从收益分配、净值变动两方面对我国最早发行的三家开放式基金进行了实证分析,发现它们存在着投资风格趋同性。