Background： Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy （CADASIL） is a hereditar5 small artery disease caused by NOTCH3 gene mutation. We performed enhanced depth imag...Background： Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy （CADASIL） is a hereditar5 small artery disease caused by NOTCH3 gene mutation. We performed enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography （EDI-OCT） to evaluate the retinal vessel changes in CADASIL patients and assessed their consonance with brain magnetic resonance imaging （MPRI） findings. Methods： Of 27 genetically confirmed patients and an equal number of controls were recruited at the Peking University First ttospital from January 2015 to August 2016. All patients underwent 7T-MRI of the brain. Fazekas score, number of small infarcts and microblecds were evaluated. All patients and controls underwent EDI-OCT to measure subtbveal choroidal thickness （SFCT）, inner and outer diameters as well as arterial and venous wall thickness, and arterial venous ratio of the inner （AVRin） and outer diameters （AVRout）. The relation between retinal vessel changes and Fazekas scores, numbers of small infarcts, or microbleeds was analyzed. Paired t-test was used to compare the SFCT and retinal vessel measurement data between patients and controls. Spearman＇s correlation was used to investigmc the correlation between retinal vessel changes and MRI lesions. Results： In CADASI L patients, mean SFCT （268.37 ± 46.50 μm） and mean arterial inner diameter （93.46 ± 9.70 gin） were signilicantly lower than that in controls （P 〈 0.00 ）, P = 0.048, respectively）. Mean arterial outer diameter （ 131.74 ± 10.87 μm）, venous inner （ 128.99 ± 13.62 μm） and outer diameter （ 164.82 ±14.77 μm）, and mean arterial （ 19.13 ±1.85 μm） and venous （ 17.91 ±2.76 μm） wall thickness were significantly higher than that in controls （P = 0.023, P 0.004, P 〈 0.001, P 〈 0.001, respectively）. Arterial inner diameter （r= - 0.39, P 0.044）] AVRin （r -0.65, P 〈 0.001）, and AVR,, （r =0.56, P - 0.002） showed a negative correlation with the number of small infarcts. Venous inner diameter （rs=0.46, P= 0.016） showed a positive correlation with the number of small infarcts. Venous inner diameter （r 0.59, P = 0.002）, outer diameter （rs=0.47, P= 0.017）, showed a positive correlation with the number of cerebral microbleeds （CM Bs）. AVRin （r =0.52, P = 0.007） and AVRout （r = -0.40, P =0.048） showed a negative correlation with the number of CMBs. Conclusions： Measurement of retinal vessels using EDI-OCT correlates moderately well with MRI parameters. EDI-OCT might bc a useful evaluation tool for CADASIL patients.展开更多
Hereditary,metabolic and toxic optic neuropathies cause bilateral,central vision loss and therefore can result in severe impairment in visual function.Accurate,early diagnosis is critical,as nutritional and toxic opti...Hereditary,metabolic and toxic optic neuropathies cause bilateral,central vision loss and therefore can result in severe impairment in visual function.Accurate,early diagnosis is critical,as nutritional and toxic optic neuropathies may be reversible if identified early,and diagnosis of hereditary optic neuropathies can prevent unnecessary invasive workup,provide prognostic information,and allow for effective genetic counseling.Optical coherence tomography(OCT)is a valuable tool that aids in the diagnosis and prognostication of optic neuropathies as it allows for quantification of changes in the retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)and retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)over time.We review the characteristic clinical presentations of hereditary,metabolic and toxic optic neuropathies,with an emphasis on OCT findings.展开更多
目的总结1个以下肢受累为主的脊髓性肌萎缩症(spinal muscular atrophy with lower extremity predominant,SMALED)家系的临床、电生理及影像特点,并对该家系进行致病突变分析。方法收集2020年8月首都医科大学宣武医院确诊为常染色体显...目的总结1个以下肢受累为主的脊髓性肌萎缩症(spinal muscular atrophy with lower extremity predominant,SMALED)家系的临床、电生理及影像特点,并对该家系进行致病突变分析。方法收集2020年8月首都医科大学宣武医院确诊为常染色体显性遗传的1例SMALED患者的家系资料。采集先证者及其女儿的临床资料,进行血常规、肝功能、肌酸激酶等检验,肌电图和神经传导检查,脊髓、头颅、双下肢MRI检查,表型匹配分析,对先证者进行SMN1基因拷贝数检测和全外显子组测序分析。按照美国医学遗传学与基因组学学会(American College of Medical Genetics and Ge-nomics,ACMG)和美国分子病理学会(Association for Molecular Pathology,AMP)基因变异解读标准和指南进行致病性分析,对先证者及其女儿进行Sanger验证。结果家系调查发现,先证者及其女儿表型与SMALED表型匹配。两人均存在DYNC1H1基因(c.1792C>T;p.R598C)杂合突变,根据ACMG和AMP指南考虑为强致病性突变。结论在2例患者中鉴定出DYNC1H1基因p.R598C的致病性突变,符合常染色体显性遗传方式,提示对中国人群SMALED的研究需进行DYNC1H1基因检测。展开更多
基金This study was supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China （No. 2016YFC1300600）, National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81471185）, and National Science and Technology Major Project （No. 2011 ZX09307-001-07）.
文摘Background： Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy （CADASIL） is a hereditar5 small artery disease caused by NOTCH3 gene mutation. We performed enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography （EDI-OCT） to evaluate the retinal vessel changes in CADASIL patients and assessed their consonance with brain magnetic resonance imaging （MPRI） findings. Methods： Of 27 genetically confirmed patients and an equal number of controls were recruited at the Peking University First ttospital from January 2015 to August 2016. All patients underwent 7T-MRI of the brain. Fazekas score, number of small infarcts and microblecds were evaluated. All patients and controls underwent EDI-OCT to measure subtbveal choroidal thickness （SFCT）, inner and outer diameters as well as arterial and venous wall thickness, and arterial venous ratio of the inner （AVRin） and outer diameters （AVRout）. The relation between retinal vessel changes and Fazekas scores, numbers of small infarcts, or microbleeds was analyzed. Paired t-test was used to compare the SFCT and retinal vessel measurement data between patients and controls. Spearman＇s correlation was used to investigmc the correlation between retinal vessel changes and MRI lesions. Results： In CADASI L patients, mean SFCT （268.37 ± 46.50 μm） and mean arterial inner diameter （93.46 ± 9.70 gin） were signilicantly lower than that in controls （P 〈 0.00 ）, P = 0.048, respectively）. Mean arterial outer diameter （ 131.74 ± 10.87 μm）, venous inner （ 128.99 ± 13.62 μm） and outer diameter （ 164.82 ±14.77 μm）, and mean arterial （ 19.13 ±1.85 μm） and venous （ 17.91 ±2.76 μm） wall thickness were significantly higher than that in controls （P = 0.023, P 0.004, P 〈 0.001, P 〈 0.001, respectively）. Arterial inner diameter （r= - 0.39, P 0.044）] AVRin （r -0.65, P 〈 0.001）, and AVR,, （r =0.56, P - 0.002） showed a negative correlation with the number of small infarcts. Venous inner diameter （rs=0.46, P= 0.016） showed a positive correlation with the number of small infarcts. Venous inner diameter （r 0.59, P = 0.002）, outer diameter （rs=0.47, P= 0.017）, showed a positive correlation with the number of cerebral microbleeds （CM Bs）. AVRin （r =0.52, P = 0.007） and AVRout （r = -0.40, P =0.048） showed a negative correlation with the number of CMBs. Conclusions： Measurement of retinal vessels using EDI-OCT correlates moderately well with MRI parameters. EDI-OCT might bc a useful evaluation tool for CADASIL patients.
基金This work was supported by an unrestricted grant from the Research to Prevent Blindness to the Washington University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences,and by a Research Award from the Vitreoretinal Surgery Foundation(JE).
文摘Hereditary,metabolic and toxic optic neuropathies cause bilateral,central vision loss and therefore can result in severe impairment in visual function.Accurate,early diagnosis is critical,as nutritional and toxic optic neuropathies may be reversible if identified early,and diagnosis of hereditary optic neuropathies can prevent unnecessary invasive workup,provide prognostic information,and allow for effective genetic counseling.Optical coherence tomography(OCT)is a valuable tool that aids in the diagnosis and prognostication of optic neuropathies as it allows for quantification of changes in the retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)and retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)over time.We review the characteristic clinical presentations of hereditary,metabolic and toxic optic neuropathies,with an emphasis on OCT findings.
文摘目的总结1个以下肢受累为主的脊髓性肌萎缩症(spinal muscular atrophy with lower extremity predominant,SMALED)家系的临床、电生理及影像特点,并对该家系进行致病突变分析。方法收集2020年8月首都医科大学宣武医院确诊为常染色体显性遗传的1例SMALED患者的家系资料。采集先证者及其女儿的临床资料,进行血常规、肝功能、肌酸激酶等检验,肌电图和神经传导检查,脊髓、头颅、双下肢MRI检查,表型匹配分析,对先证者进行SMN1基因拷贝数检测和全外显子组测序分析。按照美国医学遗传学与基因组学学会(American College of Medical Genetics and Ge-nomics,ACMG)和美国分子病理学会(Association for Molecular Pathology,AMP)基因变异解读标准和指南进行致病性分析,对先证者及其女儿进行Sanger验证。结果家系调查发现,先证者及其女儿表型与SMALED表型匹配。两人均存在DYNC1H1基因(c.1792C>T;p.R598C)杂合突变,根据ACMG和AMP指南考虑为强致病性突变。结论在2例患者中鉴定出DYNC1H1基因p.R598C的致病性突变,符合常染色体显性遗传方式,提示对中国人群SMALED的研究需进行DYNC1H1基因检测。
