A multiuser detector was developed for fast fading code-division multiple-access systems by representing the channels as a system with the multiplicative noise (SMN) model and then using the known optimal filtering ...A multiuser detector was developed for fast fading code-division multiple-access systems by representing the channels as a system with the multiplicative noise (SMN) model and then using the known optimal filtering algorithm for the SMN for multiuser detection (MUD). This multiuser detector allows the channel response to be stochastic in one symbol duration, which can be regarded as an effective method of MUD for fast fading CDMA systems. Performance analyses show that the multiuser detector is theoretically valid for CDMA systems over fast fading channels. Simulations show that the multiuser detector performs better than the Kalman filter-based multiuser detector with a faster convergence rate and lower bit error rate.展开更多
The optimality of two-stage state estimation with ARMA model random bias is studiedin this paper. Firstly, the optimal augmented state Kalman filter is given; Secondly, the two-stageKalman estimator is designed. Final...The optimality of two-stage state estimation with ARMA model random bias is studiedin this paper. Firstly, the optimal augmented state Kalman filter is given; Secondly, the two-stageKalman estimator is designed. Finally, under an algebraic constraint condition, the equivalencebetween the two-stage Kalman estimator and the optimal augmented state Kalman filter is proved.Thereby, the algebraic constraint conditions of optimal two-stage state estimation in the presence ofARMA model random bias are given.展开更多
To reduce the charge-coupled device(CCD)readout noise and improve the detection ability under low illumination and dim targets,a new low-noise CCD signal processing technology-CCD digital denoiseis gradually being emp...To reduce the charge-coupled device(CCD)readout noise and improve the detection ability under low illumination and dim targets,a new low-noise CCD signal processing technology-CCD digital denoiseis gradually being employed in aerospace detection and other fields.In this study,the main readout noise of CCD detectors and its characteristics are analyzed.A CCD digital denoise system and an experimental platform are designed as well as established by using a PCIe data acquisition card.According to the characteristics of readout noise,some digital filters are analyzed and designed based on distributed kernel coefficient,and the optimal kernel coefficients are obtained through iteration.Then,CCD signal and filter model are established,and the optimal filter is designed to apply to the digital denoise system.Finally,according to the image data obtained from the system,the performance of the digital denoise system and digital filtering algorithm is evaluated and compared.At 500 kHz and 1 MHz CCD readout rates,the denoising performance of the optimal filter designed in the experiment is 16%-32%higher than that of the digital filter with kernel distribution coefficient,and 50%-60%higher than that of the traditional correlated double sampling technology.展开更多
Zero placement method in the frequency domain is utilized to design robust multi-hump EI optimal arbitrary time-delay filter (OATF) by placing two or more filter zeros near the system poles. A total insensitive OATF...Zero placement method in the frequency domain is utilized to design robust multi-hump EI optimal arbitrary time-delay filter (OATF) by placing two or more filter zeros near the system poles. A total insensitive OATF can be also achieved if the problem of insensitivity to damping errors is considered. This design strategy is easier to derive and implement. Applications in the anti-swing control of overhead cranes verify the fine performance of this strategy. A better suppression of the load vibrations is obtained using the proposed new OATF, which is more robust to the variation of the cable length.展开更多
An effective method for automatic image inspection of fabric defects is presented. The proposed method relies on a tuned 2D-Gabor filter and quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization( QPSO) algorithm. The proposed m...An effective method for automatic image inspection of fabric defects is presented. The proposed method relies on a tuned 2D-Gabor filter and quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization( QPSO) algorithm. The proposed method consists of two main steps:( 1) training and( 2) image inspection. In the image training process,the parameters of the 2D-Gabor filters can be tuned by QPSO algorithm to match with the texture features of a defect-free template. In the inspection process, each sample image under inspection is convoluted with the selected optimized Gabor filter.Then a simple thresholding scheme is applied to generating a binary segmented result. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated by using a standard fabric defects database from Cotton Incorporated. Good experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of proposed method. To further evaluate the performance of the proposed method,a real time test is performed based on an on-line defect detection system. The real time test results further demonstrate the effectiveness, stability and robustness of the proposed method,which is suitable for industrial production.展开更多
With the significant progress of the“coal to electricity”project,the electric kiln equipment began to be connected to the distribution network on a large scale,which caused power quality problems such as low voltage...With the significant progress of the“coal to electricity”project,the electric kiln equipment began to be connected to the distribution network on a large scale,which caused power quality problems such as low voltage,high harmonic distortion rate,and high reactive power loss.This paper proposes a two-stage power grid comprehensive resource optimization configuration model.A multi-objective optimization solution based on the joint simulation platform of Matlab and OpenDSS is developed.The solution aims to control harmonics and optimize reactive power.In the first stage,a multi-objective optimization model is established to minimize the active network loss,voltage deviation,and equipment cost under the constraint conditions of voltage margin,power factor,and reactive power compensation capacity.Furthermore,the first stage uses a particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm to optimize the location and capacity of both series and parallel compensation devices in the distribution network.In the second stage,the optimal configuration model of the active power filter assumes the cost of the APF as the objective function and takes the harmonic voltage content rate,the total voltage distortion rate,and the allowable harmonic current as the constraint conditions.The proposed solution eliminates the harmonics by uniformly configuring active filters in the distribution network and centrally control harmonics at the system level.Finally,taking the IEEE33 distribution network as the object and considering the change of electric furnace permeability in the range of 20%–50%,the simulation results show that the proposed algorithm effectively reduces the distribution network’s loss,its harmonic content and significantly improve its voltage.展开更多
The speech signal and noise signal are the typical non-stationary signals,however the speech signa is short-stationary synchronously.Presently,the denoising methods are always executed in frequency domain due to the s...The speech signal and noise signal are the typical non-stationary signals,however the speech signa is short-stationary synchronously.Presently,the denoising methods are always executed in frequency domain due to the short-time stationarity of the speech signal.In this article,an improved speech denoising algorithm based on discrete fractional Fourier transform(DFRFT)is pre sented.This algorithm contains linear optimal filtering and median filtering.The simulation shows that it can easily eliminate the noise compared to Wiener filtering improve the signal to noise ratio(SNR),and enhance the original speech signal.展开更多
Detecting target echo in the existence of self-screen jamming is a challenging work for radar system, especially when digital radio frequency memory(DRFM) technique is employed that mixes the jamming and target echo b...Detecting target echo in the existence of self-screen jamming is a challenging work for radar system, especially when digital radio frequency memory(DRFM) technique is employed that mixes the jamming and target echo both in spatial and time-frequency domain. The conventional way to solve this problem would suffer from performance degradation when physical target(PT) and false target(FT) are superposed in time. In this paper, we propose a new spatial filter according to the different correlation characteristic between PT and FT. The filter takes the ratio of expected signal power to expected jamming and noise power as the objective function under the constant filter modulus constraint. The optimal filter coefficients are derived with a generalized rayleigh quotient approach. Moreover, we analytically compute the target detection probability and demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method to the correlation coefficient. Monte Carlo simulations are provided to corroborate the proposed studies. Furthermore, the proposed method has simple architecture and low computation complexity, making it easily applied in modern radar system.展开更多
A novel anti-aliasing wavelet packet transform method for harmonic detection is proposed. Aiming at the low measurement precision and poor robustness which exists in the former traditional wavelet methods for lack of ...A novel anti-aliasing wavelet packet transform method for harmonic detection is proposed. Aiming at the low measurement precision and poor robustness which exists in the former traditional wavelet methods for lack of the aliasing_reduction scheme, an optimal interpolation wavelet packet filter is designed according to new optimal criteria. First, the limitation of anti-aliasing on the traditional wavelet filter bank is analyzed. Second, the designed optimal interpolation filters axe denoted, and then the solution algorithm is given. This devised wavelet packet filter can seek a reasonable balance between signal preservation and aliasing reduction; it overcomes the inherent bug of traditional wavelet transforms, which rooted from just only concerning total aliasing cancellation but not aliasing-reduction in decomposition. Simulation and several comparative results indicate that the proposed method can effectively eliminate aliasing and precisely extract harmonic information.展开更多
Few study gives guidance to design weighting filters according to the frequency weighting factors,and the additional evaluation method of automotive ride comfort is not made good use of in some countries.Based on the ...Few study gives guidance to design weighting filters according to the frequency weighting factors,and the additional evaluation method of automotive ride comfort is not made good use of in some countries.Based on the regularities of the weighting factors,a method is proposed and the vertical and horizontal weighting filters are developed.The whole frequency range is divided several times into two parts with respective regularity.For each division,a parallel filter constituted by a low-and a high-pass filter with the same cutoff frequency and the quality factor is utilized to achieve section factors.The cascading of these parallel filters obtains entire factors.These filters own a high order.But,low order filters are preferred in some applications.The bilinear transformation method and the least P-norm optimal infinite impulse response(IIR) filter design method are employed to develop low order filters to approximate the weightings in the standard.In addition,with the window method,the linear phase finite impulse response(FIR) filter is designed to keep the signal from distorting and to obtain the staircase weighting.For the same case,the traditional method produces 0.330 7 m · s^–2 weighted root mean square(r.m.s.) acceleration and the filtering method gives 0.311 9 m · s^–2 r.m.s.The fourth order filter for approximation of vertical weighting obtains 0.313 9 m · s^–2 r.m.s.Crest factors of the acceleration signal weighted by the weighting filter and the fourth order filter are 3.002 7 and 3.011 1,respectively.This paper proposes several methods to design frequency weighting filters for automotive ride comfort evaluation,and these developed weighting filters are effective.展开更多
Dropping fractions of users or items judiciously can reduce the computational cost of Collaborative Filtering(CF)algorithms.The effect of this subsampling on the computing time and accuracy of CF is not fully understo...Dropping fractions of users or items judiciously can reduce the computational cost of Collaborative Filtering(CF)algorithms.The effect of this subsampling on the computing time and accuracy of CF is not fully understood,and clear guidelines for selecting optimal or even appropriate subsampling levels are not available.In this paper,we present a Density-based Random Stratified Subsampling using Clustering(DRSC)algorithm in which the desired Fraction of Users Dropped(FUD)and Fraction of Items Dropped(FID)are specified,and the overall density during subsampling is maintained.Subsequently,we develop simple models of the Training Time Improvement(TTI)and the Accuracy Loss(AL)as functions of FUD and FID,based on extensive simulations of seven standard CF algorithms as applied to various primary matrices from MovieLens,Yahoo Music Rating,and Amazon Automotive data.Simulations show that both TTI and a scaled AL are bi-linear in FID and FUD for all seven methods.The TTI linear regression of a CF method appears to be same for all datasets.Extensive simulations illustrate that TTI can be estimated reliably with FUD and FID only,but AL requires considering additional dataset characteristics.The derived models are then used to optimize the levels of subsampling addressing the tradeoff between TTI and AL.A simple sub-optimal approximation was found,in which the optimal AL is proportional to the optimal Training Time Reduction Factor(TTRF)for higher values of TTRF,and the optimal subsampling levels,like optimal FID/(1-FID),are proportional to the square root of TTRF.展开更多
The effects of sea surface temperature(SST) data assimilation in two regional ocean modeling systems were examined for the Yellow Sea(YS). The SST data from the Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Anal...The effects of sea surface temperature(SST) data assimilation in two regional ocean modeling systems were examined for the Yellow Sea(YS). The SST data from the Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis(OSTIA) were assimilated. The National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center(NMEFC) modeling system uses the ensemble optimal interpolation method for ocean data assimilation and the Kunsan National University(KNU) modeling system uses the ensemble Kalman filter. Without data assimilation, the NMEFC modeling system was better in simulating the subsurface temperature while the KNU modeling system was better in simulating SST. The disparity between both modeling systems might be related to differences in calculating the surface heat flux, horizontal grid spacing, and atmospheric forcing data. The data assimilation reduced the root mean square error(RMSE) of the SST from 1.78°C(1.46°C) to 1.30°C(1.21°C) for the NMEFC(KNU) modeling system when the simulated temperature was compared to Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature(OISST) SST dataset. A comparison with the buoy SST data indicated a 41%(31%) decrease in the SST error for the NMEFC(KNU) modeling system by the data assimilation. In both data assimilative systems, the RMSE of the temperature was less than 1.5°C in the upper 20 m and approximately 3.1°C in the lower layer in October. In contrast, it was less than 1.0°C throughout the water column in February. This study suggests that assimilations of the observed temperature profiles are necessary in order to correct the lower layer temperature during the stratified season and an ocean modeling system with small grid spacing and optimal data assimilation method is preferable to ensure accurate predictions of the coastal ocean in the YS.展开更多
In this work,an efficient sample-wise data driven control solver will be developed to solve the stochastic optimal control problem with unknown model parameters.A direct filter method will be applied as an online para...In this work,an efficient sample-wise data driven control solver will be developed to solve the stochastic optimal control problem with unknown model parameters.A direct filter method will be applied as an online parameter estimation method that dynamically estimates the target model parameters upon receiving the data,and a sample-wise optimal control solver will be provided to efficiently search for the optimal control.Then,an effective overarching algorithm will be introduced to combine the parameter estimator and the optimal control solver.Numerical experiments will be carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness and the efficiency of the sample-wise data driven control method.展开更多
This paper studies the real-time optimal state estimation-based feedback control for twolevel stochastic quantum systems in the non-Markovian case.The system model is established by combining the time-convolutionless ...This paper studies the real-time optimal state estimation-based feedback control for twolevel stochastic quantum systems in the non-Markovian case.The system model is established by combining the time-convolutionless non-Markovian master equation and the stochastic master equation.A nonlinear filter based on the state-dependent Riccati equation is designed in order to achieve the realtime optimal estimation of quantum states.A quadratic function multiplied with an exponential term is selected as the Lyapunov function,and a continuous-time control law is deduced via the stochastic Lyapunov stability theorem to realize eigenstate feedback control based on real-time optimal state estimation.Numerical simulation results illustrate that the proposed control scheme is capable of steering the two-level quantum system from an arbitrary initial state to the desired eigenstate with a fidelity higher than 99%within a time of 3 a.u.展开更多
Selective absorptive nanofluid can pre-absorb certain sunlight wavelength that cannot be used by PV and transmits remaining sunlight to the surface of PV,which can decouple PV from the thermal receiver spatially.In or...Selective absorptive nanofluid can pre-absorb certain sunlight wavelength that cannot be used by PV and transmits remaining sunlight to the surface of PV,which can decouple PV from the thermal receiver spatially.In order to improve the harvesting of electricity and high-temperature thermal nanofluid,it is important to design an optimal optical filter window(transmit sunlight with wavelengths of 732-1067 nm to the surface of the photovoltaic cell and absorb the remaining sunlight).However,designing optimal optical filter is facing following challenges:(1) inherently narrow selective absorptivity property of single nanoparticle;(2) simplified numerical calculation method calculating transmittance;(3) ignoring the shape of the nanoparticle.In this study,the idea of using multiple nanoparticles coupling effect to design an optical filter is proposed,which can superimpose the narrow absorption bandwidth of different nanoparticles to obtain a wide absorption bandwidth of the whole system.In addition,an improved transmission method considering light-matter interaction at air/vessel and liquid/vessel interfaces is adopted to compute the transmittance.The results calculated by improved transmission method are more accurate than widely used traditional Lambert-Beer law,which is verified by experimental test.Furthermore,the effect of nanoparticle shape on spectral transmittance is also investigated,which shows that spiny Ag can approximately extend absorbance from 400 nm to 600 nm compared to nanosphere silver.Finally,the results show that optical filter efficiency of nanofluids with multiple nanoparticles coupling(Ag,spiny Ag,ZnO,ITO) can reached up to 35%.展开更多
The uncertainties associated with the variations in the thermosphere are responsible for the inaccurate prediction of the orbit decay of low Earth orbiting space objects due to the drag force.Accurate forecasting of t...The uncertainties associated with the variations in the thermosphere are responsible for the inaccurate prediction of the orbit decay of low Earth orbiting space objects due to the drag force.Accurate forecasting of the thermosphere is urgently required to avoid satellite collisions,which is a potential threat to the rapid growth of spacecraft applications.However,owing to the imperfections in the physics-based forecast model,the long-range forecast of the thermosphere is still primitive even if the accurate prediction of the external forcing is achieved.In this study,we constructed a novel methodology to forecast the thermosphere for tens of days by specifying the uncertain parameters in a physics-based model using an intelligent optimized particle filtering algorithm.A comparison of the results suggested that this method has the capability of providing a more reliable forecast with more than 30-days leading time for the thermospheric mass density than the existing ones under both weak and severe disturbed conditions,if solar and geomagnetic forcing is known.Moreover,the accurate estimation of the state of thermosphere based on this technique would further contribute to the understanding of the temporal and spatial evolution of the upper atmosphere.展开更多
Multi-rotor aircraft has great potential in urban traffic and military use and its noise problem has attracted more attention recently.Multi-rotor aircrafts are typically controlled by changing the rotation speeds of ...Multi-rotor aircraft has great potential in urban traffic and military use and its noise problem has attracted more attention recently.Multi-rotor aircrafts are typically controlled by changing the rotation speeds of the rotors.To reduce the noise of multiple frequency-modulated rotors,a global noise attenuation method is proposed in this study.First,the fast prediction method is used to estimate the global noise of the multirotor with different configurations online.Meanwhile,the sound field reproduction method is used to obtain the control signal of the loudspeaker array to achieve global noise attenuation.Then,the influence of array arrangement on noise reduction is analyzed in the acoustic modal domain,which reveals that different optimization models are needed to minimize the noise power or/and the noise pressure in some directions when the scale of the array is limited.Next,to improve the real-time performance of the system,the online calculation of the optimal control signal is transformed into the offline design of the optimal filter,which satisfies the target frequency-domain characteristics.Finally,the experimental results of the noise of a model quadrotor in the anechoic chamber were consistent with the predicted results.The simulation results of noise attenuation for the quadrotor show that the method proposed reduced the global noise power by about 13 dB.Moreover,the noise region radiated from the quadrotor to the ground with the boundary of 40 dB was reduced to 8.4%of that before control.展开更多
Geometrical attacks can destroy most watermarking systems at present. So how to efficiently resist such kind of attacks remains a challenging direction in watermarking research. In this paper, a novel sequence waterma...Geometrical attacks can destroy most watermarking systems at present. So how to efficiently resist such kind of attacks remains a challenging direction in watermarking research. In this paper, a novel sequence watermarking scheme, which exploits a geometrical invariant, i.e. average AC energy (AAE) to combat arbitrary geometrical attacks, is presented. The scheme also uses some other measures, such as synchronization and optimal whitening filter to resist other attacks and improve detection performance. The experimental results show that the scheme can efficiently improve the visual quality of the watermarked video and achieve good robustness against random geometrical attacks. The scheme also has good robustness against other attacks, such as low-pass filtering along time axis and frame removal.展开更多
The segmented filters, based on spectral cutting, proved their efficiency for the multi-correlation. In this article we propose an optimisation of this cutting according to a new error diffusion method.
In this Letter, we demonstrate that by adjusting the thickness of the buffer layer, the optical responses of a guided-mode resonance filter (GMRF) can be improved for sensor applications. The GMRF is fabricated usin...In this Letter, we demonstrate that by adjusting the thickness of the buffer layer, the optical responses of a guided-mode resonance filter (GMRF) can be improved for sensor applications. The GMRF is fabricated using a replica molding with a plastic substrate and a UV-curable polymer. SiO2 buffer layers of different thicknesses are deposited before the waveguide-layer deposition. The sensitivity of the GMRFs decreases slightly with in- creasing SiO2 layer thickness. By contrast, the full width at half-maximum reduces substantially with increasing SiO2 layer thickness, resulting in the improvement of the overall figure of merit.展开更多
基金Supported by the Basic Research Foundation of Tsinghua Na-tional Laboratory for Information Science and Technology (TNList) the Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60496311)
文摘A multiuser detector was developed for fast fading code-division multiple-access systems by representing the channels as a system with the multiplicative noise (SMN) model and then using the known optimal filtering algorithm for the SMN for multiuser detection (MUD). This multiuser detector allows the channel response to be stochastic in one symbol duration, which can be regarded as an effective method of MUD for fast fading CDMA systems. Performance analyses show that the multiuser detector is theoretically valid for CDMA systems over fast fading channels. Simulations show that the multiuser detector performs better than the Kalman filter-based multiuser detector with a faster convergence rate and lower bit error rate.
文摘The optimality of two-stage state estimation with ARMA model random bias is studiedin this paper. Firstly, the optimal augmented state Kalman filter is given; Secondly, the two-stageKalman estimator is designed. Finally, under an algebraic constraint condition, the equivalencebetween the two-stage Kalman estimator and the optimal augmented state Kalman filter is proved.Thereby, the algebraic constraint conditions of optimal two-stage state estimation in the presence ofARMA model random bias are given.
基金the National Program on Key Basic Research Project(973 Program)(No.6132570201).
文摘To reduce the charge-coupled device(CCD)readout noise and improve the detection ability under low illumination and dim targets,a new low-noise CCD signal processing technology-CCD digital denoiseis gradually being employed in aerospace detection and other fields.In this study,the main readout noise of CCD detectors and its characteristics are analyzed.A CCD digital denoise system and an experimental platform are designed as well as established by using a PCIe data acquisition card.According to the characteristics of readout noise,some digital filters are analyzed and designed based on distributed kernel coefficient,and the optimal kernel coefficients are obtained through iteration.Then,CCD signal and filter model are established,and the optimal filter is designed to apply to the digital denoise system.Finally,according to the image data obtained from the system,the performance of the digital denoise system and digital filtering algorithm is evaluated and compared.At 500 kHz and 1 MHz CCD readout rates,the denoising performance of the optimal filter designed in the experiment is 16%-32%higher than that of the digital filter with kernel distribution coefficient,and 50%-60%higher than that of the traditional correlated double sampling technology.
基金This project is supported by National Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China (863 Program, No. 2002AA412010).
文摘Zero placement method in the frequency domain is utilized to design robust multi-hump EI optimal arbitrary time-delay filter (OATF) by placing two or more filter zeros near the system poles. A total insensitive OATF can be also achieved if the problem of insensitivity to damping errors is considered. This design strategy is easier to derive and implement. Applications in the anti-swing control of overhead cranes verify the fine performance of this strategy. A better suppression of the load vibrations is obtained using the proposed new OATF, which is more robust to the variation of the cable length.
基金the Innovation Fund Projects of Cooperation among Industries,Universities&Research Institutes of Jiangsu Province,China(Nos.BY2015019-11,BY2015019-20)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51403080)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.JUSRP51404A)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,China
文摘An effective method for automatic image inspection of fabric defects is presented. The proposed method relies on a tuned 2D-Gabor filter and quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization( QPSO) algorithm. The proposed method consists of two main steps:( 1) training and( 2) image inspection. In the image training process,the parameters of the 2D-Gabor filters can be tuned by QPSO algorithm to match with the texture features of a defect-free template. In the inspection process, each sample image under inspection is convoluted with the selected optimized Gabor filter.Then a simple thresholding scheme is applied to generating a binary segmented result. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated by using a standard fabric defects database from Cotton Incorporated. Good experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of proposed method. To further evaluate the performance of the proposed method,a real time test is performed based on an on-line defect detection system. The real time test results further demonstrate the effectiveness, stability and robustness of the proposed method,which is suitable for industrial production.
基金Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China,Scale application and benefit evaluation of typical power substitution technology considering power quality influence(52182018000H).
文摘With the significant progress of the“coal to electricity”project,the electric kiln equipment began to be connected to the distribution network on a large scale,which caused power quality problems such as low voltage,high harmonic distortion rate,and high reactive power loss.This paper proposes a two-stage power grid comprehensive resource optimization configuration model.A multi-objective optimization solution based on the joint simulation platform of Matlab and OpenDSS is developed.The solution aims to control harmonics and optimize reactive power.In the first stage,a multi-objective optimization model is established to minimize the active network loss,voltage deviation,and equipment cost under the constraint conditions of voltage margin,power factor,and reactive power compensation capacity.Furthermore,the first stage uses a particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm to optimize the location and capacity of both series and parallel compensation devices in the distribution network.In the second stage,the optimal configuration model of the active power filter assumes the cost of the APF as the objective function and takes the harmonic voltage content rate,the total voltage distortion rate,and the allowable harmonic current as the constraint conditions.The proposed solution eliminates the harmonics by uniformly configuring active filters in the distribution network and centrally control harmonics at the system level.Finally,taking the IEEE33 distribution network as the object and considering the change of electric furnace permeability in the range of 20%–50%,the simulation results show that the proposed algorithm effectively reduces the distribution network’s loss,its harmonic content and significantly improve its voltage.
文摘The speech signal and noise signal are the typical non-stationary signals,however the speech signa is short-stationary synchronously.Presently,the denoising methods are always executed in frequency domain due to the short-time stationarity of the speech signal.In this article,an improved speech denoising algorithm based on discrete fractional Fourier transform(DFRFT)is pre sented.This algorithm contains linear optimal filtering and median filtering.The simulation shows that it can easily eliminate the noise compared to Wiener filtering improve the signal to noise ratio(SNR),and enhance the original speech signal.
文摘Detecting target echo in the existence of self-screen jamming is a challenging work for radar system, especially when digital radio frequency memory(DRFM) technique is employed that mixes the jamming and target echo both in spatial and time-frequency domain. The conventional way to solve this problem would suffer from performance degradation when physical target(PT) and false target(FT) are superposed in time. In this paper, we propose a new spatial filter according to the different correlation characteristic between PT and FT. The filter takes the ratio of expected signal power to expected jamming and noise power as the objective function under the constant filter modulus constraint. The optimal filter coefficients are derived with a generalized rayleigh quotient approach. Moreover, we analytically compute the target detection probability and demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method to the correlation coefficient. Monte Carlo simulations are provided to corroborate the proposed studies. Furthermore, the proposed method has simple architecture and low computation complexity, making it easily applied in modern radar system.
文摘A novel anti-aliasing wavelet packet transform method for harmonic detection is proposed. Aiming at the low measurement precision and poor robustness which exists in the former traditional wavelet methods for lack of the aliasing_reduction scheme, an optimal interpolation wavelet packet filter is designed according to new optimal criteria. First, the limitation of anti-aliasing on the traditional wavelet filter bank is analyzed. Second, the designed optimal interpolation filters axe denoted, and then the solution algorithm is given. This devised wavelet packet filter can seek a reasonable balance between signal preservation and aliasing reduction; it overcomes the inherent bug of traditional wavelet transforms, which rooted from just only concerning total aliasing cancellation but not aliasing-reduction in decomposition. Simulation and several comparative results indicate that the proposed method can effectively eliminate aliasing and precisely extract harmonic information.
文摘Few study gives guidance to design weighting filters according to the frequency weighting factors,and the additional evaluation method of automotive ride comfort is not made good use of in some countries.Based on the regularities of the weighting factors,a method is proposed and the vertical and horizontal weighting filters are developed.The whole frequency range is divided several times into two parts with respective regularity.For each division,a parallel filter constituted by a low-and a high-pass filter with the same cutoff frequency and the quality factor is utilized to achieve section factors.The cascading of these parallel filters obtains entire factors.These filters own a high order.But,low order filters are preferred in some applications.The bilinear transformation method and the least P-norm optimal infinite impulse response(IIR) filter design method are employed to develop low order filters to approximate the weightings in the standard.In addition,with the window method,the linear phase finite impulse response(FIR) filter is designed to keep the signal from distorting and to obtain the staircase weighting.For the same case,the traditional method produces 0.330 7 m · s^–2 weighted root mean square(r.m.s.) acceleration and the filtering method gives 0.311 9 m · s^–2 r.m.s.The fourth order filter for approximation of vertical weighting obtains 0.313 9 m · s^–2 r.m.s.Crest factors of the acceleration signal weighted by the weighting filter and the fourth order filter are 3.002 7 and 3.011 1,respectively.This paper proposes several methods to design frequency weighting filters for automotive ride comfort evaluation,and these developed weighting filters are effective.
文摘Dropping fractions of users or items judiciously can reduce the computational cost of Collaborative Filtering(CF)algorithms.The effect of this subsampling on the computing time and accuracy of CF is not fully understood,and clear guidelines for selecting optimal or even appropriate subsampling levels are not available.In this paper,we present a Density-based Random Stratified Subsampling using Clustering(DRSC)algorithm in which the desired Fraction of Users Dropped(FUD)and Fraction of Items Dropped(FID)are specified,and the overall density during subsampling is maintained.Subsequently,we develop simple models of the Training Time Improvement(TTI)and the Accuracy Loss(AL)as functions of FUD and FID,based on extensive simulations of seven standard CF algorithms as applied to various primary matrices from MovieLens,Yahoo Music Rating,and Amazon Automotive data.Simulations show that both TTI and a scaled AL are bi-linear in FID and FUD for all seven methods.The TTI linear regression of a CF method appears to be same for all datasets.Extensive simulations illustrate that TTI can be estimated reliably with FUD and FID only,but AL requires considering additional dataset characteristics.The derived models are then used to optimize the levels of subsampling addressing the tradeoff between TTI and AL.A simple sub-optimal approximation was found,in which the optimal AL is proportional to the optimal Training Time Reduction Factor(TTRF)for higher values of TTRF,and the optimal subsampling levels,like optimal FID/(1-FID),are proportional to the square root of TTRF.
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract Nos 2016YFC1401800 and 2016YFC1401605the Cooperation on the Development of Basic Technologies for the Yellow Sea and East China Sea Operational Oceanographic System(YOOS)+5 种基金the project of Development of Korea Operational Oceanographic System(KOOS),Phase 2 funded by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheriesthe National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41076011,41206023 and 41222038the National Basic Research Program(973 Program)of China under contract No.2011CB403606the Public Science and Technology Research Funds Project of Ocean under contract No.201205018the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under contract No.XDA1102010403Producing map of ocean currents for the neighboring seas of Korea funded by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries under contract No.2033-307-210-13
文摘The effects of sea surface temperature(SST) data assimilation in two regional ocean modeling systems were examined for the Yellow Sea(YS). The SST data from the Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis(OSTIA) were assimilated. The National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center(NMEFC) modeling system uses the ensemble optimal interpolation method for ocean data assimilation and the Kunsan National University(KNU) modeling system uses the ensemble Kalman filter. Without data assimilation, the NMEFC modeling system was better in simulating the subsurface temperature while the KNU modeling system was better in simulating SST. The disparity between both modeling systems might be related to differences in calculating the surface heat flux, horizontal grid spacing, and atmospheric forcing data. The data assimilation reduced the root mean square error(RMSE) of the SST from 1.78°C(1.46°C) to 1.30°C(1.21°C) for the NMEFC(KNU) modeling system when the simulated temperature was compared to Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature(OISST) SST dataset. A comparison with the buoy SST data indicated a 41%(31%) decrease in the SST error for the NMEFC(KNU) modeling system by the data assimilation. In both data assimilative systems, the RMSE of the temperature was less than 1.5°C in the upper 20 m and approximately 3.1°C in the lower layer in October. In contrast, it was less than 1.0°C throughout the water column in February. This study suggests that assimilations of the observed temperature profiles are necessary in order to correct the lower layer temperature during the stratified season and an ocean modeling system with small grid spacing and optimal data assimilation method is preferable to ensure accurate predictions of the coastal ocean in the YS.
基金partially supported by U.S.Department of Energy through FASTMath Institute and Office of Science,Advanced Scientific Computing Research program under the grant DE-SC0022297the support from U.S.National Science Foundation through project DMS-2142672.
文摘In this work,an efficient sample-wise data driven control solver will be developed to solve the stochastic optimal control problem with unknown model parameters.A direct filter method will be applied as an online parameter estimation method that dynamically estimates the target model parameters upon receiving the data,and a sample-wise optimal control solver will be provided to efficiently search for the optimal control.Then,an effective overarching algorithm will be introduced to combine the parameter estimator and the optimal control solver.Numerical experiments will be carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness and the efficiency of the sample-wise data driven control method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61973290。
文摘This paper studies the real-time optimal state estimation-based feedback control for twolevel stochastic quantum systems in the non-Markovian case.The system model is established by combining the time-convolutionless non-Markovian master equation and the stochastic master equation.A nonlinear filter based on the state-dependent Riccati equation is designed in order to achieve the realtime optimal estimation of quantum states.A quadratic function multiplied with an exponential term is selected as the Lyapunov function,and a continuous-time control law is deduced via the stochastic Lyapunov stability theorem to realize eigenstate feedback control based on real-time optimal state estimation.Numerical simulation results illustrate that the proposed control scheme is capable of steering the two-level quantum system from an arbitrary initial state to the desired eigenstate with a fidelity higher than 99%within a time of 3 a.u.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.52076064)the Taishan Scholars of Shandong Province (tsqn 201812105)+1 种基金China Scholarship Council (202106120157)CSC grant for LIANG Huaxu's scholarship of research visiting at Nanyang Technological University, Singapore。
文摘Selective absorptive nanofluid can pre-absorb certain sunlight wavelength that cannot be used by PV and transmits remaining sunlight to the surface of PV,which can decouple PV from the thermal receiver spatially.In order to improve the harvesting of electricity and high-temperature thermal nanofluid,it is important to design an optimal optical filter window(transmit sunlight with wavelengths of 732-1067 nm to the surface of the photovoltaic cell and absorb the remaining sunlight).However,designing optimal optical filter is facing following challenges:(1) inherently narrow selective absorptivity property of single nanoparticle;(2) simplified numerical calculation method calculating transmittance;(3) ignoring the shape of the nanoparticle.In this study,the idea of using multiple nanoparticles coupling effect to design an optical filter is proposed,which can superimpose the narrow absorption bandwidth of different nanoparticles to obtain a wide absorption bandwidth of the whole system.In addition,an improved transmission method considering light-matter interaction at air/vessel and liquid/vessel interfaces is adopted to compute the transmittance.The results calculated by improved transmission method are more accurate than widely used traditional Lambert-Beer law,which is verified by experimental test.Furthermore,the effect of nanoparticle shape on spectral transmittance is also investigated,which shows that spiny Ag can approximately extend absorbance from 400 nm to 600 nm compared to nanosphere silver.Finally,the results show that optical filter efficiency of nanofluids with multiple nanoparticles coupling(Ag,spiny Ag,ZnO,ITO) can reached up to 35%.
基金supported by the Project of Stable Support for Youth Team in Basic Research Field,CAS(Grant No.YSBR-018)the B-type Strategic Priority Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB41000000)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2021TQ0318)。
文摘The uncertainties associated with the variations in the thermosphere are responsible for the inaccurate prediction of the orbit decay of low Earth orbiting space objects due to the drag force.Accurate forecasting of the thermosphere is urgently required to avoid satellite collisions,which is a potential threat to the rapid growth of spacecraft applications.However,owing to the imperfections in the physics-based forecast model,the long-range forecast of the thermosphere is still primitive even if the accurate prediction of the external forcing is achieved.In this study,we constructed a novel methodology to forecast the thermosphere for tens of days by specifying the uncertain parameters in a physics-based model using an intelligent optimized particle filtering algorithm.A comparison of the results suggested that this method has the capability of providing a more reliable forecast with more than 30-days leading time for the thermospheric mass density than the existing ones under both weak and severe disturbed conditions,if solar and geomagnetic forcing is known.Moreover,the accurate estimation of the state of thermosphere based on this technique would further contribute to the understanding of the temporal and spatial evolution of the upper atmosphere.
文摘Multi-rotor aircraft has great potential in urban traffic and military use and its noise problem has attracted more attention recently.Multi-rotor aircrafts are typically controlled by changing the rotation speeds of the rotors.To reduce the noise of multiple frequency-modulated rotors,a global noise attenuation method is proposed in this study.First,the fast prediction method is used to estimate the global noise of the multirotor with different configurations online.Meanwhile,the sound field reproduction method is used to obtain the control signal of the loudspeaker array to achieve global noise attenuation.Then,the influence of array arrangement on noise reduction is analyzed in the acoustic modal domain,which reveals that different optimization models are needed to minimize the noise power or/and the noise pressure in some directions when the scale of the array is limited.Next,to improve the real-time performance of the system,the online calculation of the optimal control signal is transformed into the offline design of the optimal filter,which satisfies the target frequency-domain characteristics.Finally,the experimental results of the noise of a model quadrotor in the anechoic chamber were consistent with the predicted results.The simulation results of noise attenuation for the quadrotor show that the method proposed reduced the global noise power by about 13 dB.Moreover,the noise region radiated from the quadrotor to the ground with the boundary of 40 dB was reduced to 8.4%of that before control.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.60373028 and 90604032)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education and the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University.
文摘Geometrical attacks can destroy most watermarking systems at present. So how to efficiently resist such kind of attacks remains a challenging direction in watermarking research. In this paper, a novel sequence watermarking scheme, which exploits a geometrical invariant, i.e. average AC energy (AAE) to combat arbitrary geometrical attacks, is presented. The scheme also uses some other measures, such as synchronization and optimal whitening filter to resist other attacks and improve detection performance. The experimental results show that the scheme can efficiently improve the visual quality of the watermarked video and achieve good robustness against random geometrical attacks. The scheme also has good robustness against other attacks, such as low-pass filtering along time axis and frame removal.
文摘The segmented filters, based on spectral cutting, proved their efficiency for the multi-correlation. In this article we propose an optimisation of this cutting according to a new error diffusion method.
基金supported by the National Science Council,Taiwan,China(Grant Nos.NSC 101-2218-E-9-6-MY2and MOST 103-2221-E-009-075)
文摘In this Letter, we demonstrate that by adjusting the thickness of the buffer layer, the optical responses of a guided-mode resonance filter (GMRF) can be improved for sensor applications. The GMRF is fabricated using a replica molding with a plastic substrate and a UV-curable polymer. SiO2 buffer layers of different thicknesses are deposited before the waveguide-layer deposition. The sensitivity of the GMRFs decreases slightly with in- creasing SiO2 layer thickness. By contrast, the full width at half-maximum reduces substantially with increasing SiO2 layer thickness, resulting in the improvement of the overall figure of merit.