Objective: To search, evaluate and integrate the best domestic and foreign evidence on the preoperative pre-rehabilitation of lung cancer patients with COPD, and summarize the best evidence. Methods: Cochrane Library,...Objective: To search, evaluate and integrate the best domestic and foreign evidence on the preoperative pre-rehabilitation of lung cancer patients with COPD, and summarize the best evidence. Methods: Cochrane Library, BMJ Best Practice, JBI Center for International Cooperation in Evidence-Based Health Care Library, and Up to were searched by computer system Date, Embase, CINAHL, PubMed, Evidence-Based Health Care Center Database (JBI), American Guidenet, Global Guidenet, CNKI, CMBM, Wanfang, and VIP databases on preoperative pre-rehabilitation of patients with lung cancer and COPD. Literature screening and quality evaluation were conducted independently by two researchers, and evidence was extracted, summarized and summarized according to the theme. Results: A total of 13 kinds of literature were included, including 4 guidelines, 4 systematic reviews, 3 evidence summaries, and 2 expert consensus articles. This paper summarizes 44 best evidence on pre-rehabilitation of lung cancer patients with COPD, including 8 aspects: pre-rehabilitation content and principle, pre-rehabilitation assessment, exercise rehabilitation, nutrition management, psychological guidance, health education, multidisciplinary cooperation, quality control and follow-up. Conclusion: The best evidence of preoperative pre-rehabilitation for patients with lung cancer complicated with COPD is rich in content, and needs to be selected according to the characteristics of the hospital and the clinical environment. Some of the evidence still needs to be confirmed by higher-quality studies. .展开更多
Despite significant improvements over the past several decades in diagnosis,treatment and prevention of periprosthetic joint infection(PJI),it still remains a major challenge following total joint arthroplasty.Given t...Despite significant improvements over the past several decades in diagnosis,treatment and prevention of periprosthetic joint infection(PJI),it still remains a major challenge following total joint arthroplasty.Given the devastating nature and accelerated incidence of PJI,prevention is the most important strategy to deal with this challenging problem and should start from identifying risk factors.Understanding and well-organized optimization of these risk factors in individuals before elective arthroplasty are essential to the ultimate success in reducing the incidence of PJI.Even though some risk factors such as demographic characteristics are seldom changeable,they allow more accurate expectation regarding individual risks of PJI and thus,make proper counseling for shared preoperative decision-making possible.Others that increase the risk of PJI,but are potentially modifiable should be optimized prior to elective arthroplasty.Although remarkable advances have been achieved in past decades,many questions regarding standardized practice to prevent this catastrophic complication remain unanswered.The current study provide a comprehensive knowledge regarding risk factors based on general principles to control surgical siteinfection by the review of current literature and also share own practice at our institution to provide practical and better understandings.展开更多
<b><span>Introduction:</span></b><span> Blind fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) and ultrasound guided femoral nerve block (FNB) are two types of peripheral nerve blocks, commonl...<b><span>Introduction:</span></b><span> Blind fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) and ultrasound guided femoral nerve block (FNB) are two types of peripheral nerve blocks, commonly used in preoperative pain management in patients with hip fractures in Danish emergency departments. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy </span><span>in pain management of </span><span>these two types of peripheral nerve blocks in the preoperative period in patients with hip fractures. </span><b><span>Method:</span></b><span> We performed a randomized controlled study. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with a numeric rating scale (NRS) pain score equal to three or less at rest and after passive leg raise</span><span> </span><span>test</span><span> three hours after block administration. </span><b><span>Results:</span></b><span> A total of 88 patients were included in the study and 67 patients in the statistical analysis with 33 in the FICB group and 34 in the FNB group. The results showed a significant reduction in the proportion of patients with a</span><span>n</span><span> NRS score higher than three, three hours after administration of either FICB or FNB compared to at inclusion. There was no significant difference in pain scores between patients receiving FICB versus patients receiving FNB at rest or after passive leg raise (p = 0.25 and p = 0.86, respectively). </span><b><span>Conclusion:</span></b><span> Blind FICB and ultrasound guided FNB were effective in preoperative pain management in patients with hip fractures. The results showed that the two types of peripheral nerve blocks were equally </span><span>efficient</span><span> in providing pain management in the preoperative period.</span>展开更多
The recent study,“Predicting short-term major postoperative complications in intestinal resection for Crohn’s disease:A machine learning-based study”invest-igated the predictive efficacy of a machine learning model...The recent study,“Predicting short-term major postoperative complications in intestinal resection for Crohn’s disease:A machine learning-based study”invest-igated the predictive efficacy of a machine learning model for major postoperative complications within 30 days of surgery in Crohn’s disease(CD)patients.Em-ploying a random forest analysis and Shapley Additive Explanations,the study prioritizes factors such as preoperative nutritional status,operative time,and CD activity index.Despite the retrospective design’s limitations,the model’s robu-stness,with area under the curve values surpassing 0.8,highlights its clinical potential.The findings align with literature supporting preoperative nutritional therapy in inflammatory bowel diseases,emphasizing the importance of compre-hensive assessment and optimization.While a significant advancement,further research is crucial for refining preoperative strategies in CD patients.展开更多
目的:分析基于高清小视野弥散加权成像(Field-of-View Optimized and Constrained Undistorted Single Shot Difusion Weighted Imaging,Focus-DWI)技术在乳腺癌术前磁共振扫描中的应用价值。方法:选取80例乳腺癌患者,均为某院2022年1月...目的:分析基于高清小视野弥散加权成像(Field-of-View Optimized and Constrained Undistorted Single Shot Difusion Weighted Imaging,Focus-DWI)技术在乳腺癌术前磁共振扫描中的应用价值。方法:选取80例乳腺癌患者,均为某院2022年1月~2024年4月所收治,全部患者均经过手术病理检查证实,术前接受乳腺常规DWI及Focus-DWI序列MRI检查;安排两名具有丰富临床经验的医师负责阅片,通过双盲法来主观评分常规DWI、Focus-DWI图像的整体质量、清晰度、伪影以及变形情况,并对正常乳腺腺体及乳腺癌的腺体表观弥散系数值进行测量,比较常规DWI及Focus-DWI序列的定量参数、主观评分。结果:相比于常规DWI序列成像,Focus-DWI序列成像的清晰度、整体图像质量评分均明显更高(P<0.05),而变形程度、伪影评分均明显更低(P<0.05)。与常规DWI序列成像相比较,Focus-DWI序列成像的乳腺癌表观弥散系数值明显更低(P<0.05)。结论:在乳腺癌术前磁共振扫描中,应用Focus-DWI技术能让整体图像质量显著提高,能让图像的模糊度、伪影、形变明显减少,和常规DWI序列相比较,Focus-DWI技术的病变显示效果、清晰度更加理性,更有利于诊断及观察乳腺癌。展开更多
文摘Objective: To search, evaluate and integrate the best domestic and foreign evidence on the preoperative pre-rehabilitation of lung cancer patients with COPD, and summarize the best evidence. Methods: Cochrane Library, BMJ Best Practice, JBI Center for International Cooperation in Evidence-Based Health Care Library, and Up to were searched by computer system Date, Embase, CINAHL, PubMed, Evidence-Based Health Care Center Database (JBI), American Guidenet, Global Guidenet, CNKI, CMBM, Wanfang, and VIP databases on preoperative pre-rehabilitation of patients with lung cancer and COPD. Literature screening and quality evaluation were conducted independently by two researchers, and evidence was extracted, summarized and summarized according to the theme. Results: A total of 13 kinds of literature were included, including 4 guidelines, 4 systematic reviews, 3 evidence summaries, and 2 expert consensus articles. This paper summarizes 44 best evidence on pre-rehabilitation of lung cancer patients with COPD, including 8 aspects: pre-rehabilitation content and principle, pre-rehabilitation assessment, exercise rehabilitation, nutrition management, psychological guidance, health education, multidisciplinary cooperation, quality control and follow-up. Conclusion: The best evidence of preoperative pre-rehabilitation for patients with lung cancer complicated with COPD is rich in content, and needs to be selected according to the characteristics of the hospital and the clinical environment. Some of the evidence still needs to be confirmed by higher-quality studies. .
基金Supported by The grant of Research Institute of Medical Science,Catholic University of Daegu(2011)
文摘Despite significant improvements over the past several decades in diagnosis,treatment and prevention of periprosthetic joint infection(PJI),it still remains a major challenge following total joint arthroplasty.Given the devastating nature and accelerated incidence of PJI,prevention is the most important strategy to deal with this challenging problem and should start from identifying risk factors.Understanding and well-organized optimization of these risk factors in individuals before elective arthroplasty are essential to the ultimate success in reducing the incidence of PJI.Even though some risk factors such as demographic characteristics are seldom changeable,they allow more accurate expectation regarding individual risks of PJI and thus,make proper counseling for shared preoperative decision-making possible.Others that increase the risk of PJI,but are potentially modifiable should be optimized prior to elective arthroplasty.Although remarkable advances have been achieved in past decades,many questions regarding standardized practice to prevent this catastrophic complication remain unanswered.The current study provide a comprehensive knowledge regarding risk factors based on general principles to control surgical siteinfection by the review of current literature and also share own practice at our institution to provide practical and better understandings.
文摘<b><span>Introduction:</span></b><span> Blind fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) and ultrasound guided femoral nerve block (FNB) are two types of peripheral nerve blocks, commonly used in preoperative pain management in patients with hip fractures in Danish emergency departments. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy </span><span>in pain management of </span><span>these two types of peripheral nerve blocks in the preoperative period in patients with hip fractures. </span><b><span>Method:</span></b><span> We performed a randomized controlled study. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with a numeric rating scale (NRS) pain score equal to three or less at rest and after passive leg raise</span><span> </span><span>test</span><span> three hours after block administration. </span><b><span>Results:</span></b><span> A total of 88 patients were included in the study and 67 patients in the statistical analysis with 33 in the FICB group and 34 in the FNB group. The results showed a significant reduction in the proportion of patients with a</span><span>n</span><span> NRS score higher than three, three hours after administration of either FICB or FNB compared to at inclusion. There was no significant difference in pain scores between patients receiving FICB versus patients receiving FNB at rest or after passive leg raise (p = 0.25 and p = 0.86, respectively). </span><b><span>Conclusion:</span></b><span> Blind FICB and ultrasound guided FNB were effective in preoperative pain management in patients with hip fractures. The results showed that the two types of peripheral nerve blocks were equally </span><span>efficient</span><span> in providing pain management in the preoperative period.</span>
文摘The recent study,“Predicting short-term major postoperative complications in intestinal resection for Crohn’s disease:A machine learning-based study”invest-igated the predictive efficacy of a machine learning model for major postoperative complications within 30 days of surgery in Crohn’s disease(CD)patients.Em-ploying a random forest analysis and Shapley Additive Explanations,the study prioritizes factors such as preoperative nutritional status,operative time,and CD activity index.Despite the retrospective design’s limitations,the model’s robu-stness,with area under the curve values surpassing 0.8,highlights its clinical potential.The findings align with literature supporting preoperative nutritional therapy in inflammatory bowel diseases,emphasizing the importance of compre-hensive assessment and optimization.While a significant advancement,further research is crucial for refining preoperative strategies in CD patients.
文摘目的:分析基于高清小视野弥散加权成像(Field-of-View Optimized and Constrained Undistorted Single Shot Difusion Weighted Imaging,Focus-DWI)技术在乳腺癌术前磁共振扫描中的应用价值。方法:选取80例乳腺癌患者,均为某院2022年1月~2024年4月所收治,全部患者均经过手术病理检查证实,术前接受乳腺常规DWI及Focus-DWI序列MRI检查;安排两名具有丰富临床经验的医师负责阅片,通过双盲法来主观评分常规DWI、Focus-DWI图像的整体质量、清晰度、伪影以及变形情况,并对正常乳腺腺体及乳腺癌的腺体表观弥散系数值进行测量,比较常规DWI及Focus-DWI序列的定量参数、主观评分。结果:相比于常规DWI序列成像,Focus-DWI序列成像的清晰度、整体图像质量评分均明显更高(P<0.05),而变形程度、伪影评分均明显更低(P<0.05)。与常规DWI序列成像相比较,Focus-DWI序列成像的乳腺癌表观弥散系数值明显更低(P<0.05)。结论:在乳腺癌术前磁共振扫描中,应用Focus-DWI技术能让整体图像质量显著提高,能让图像的模糊度、伪影、形变明显减少,和常规DWI序列相比较,Focus-DWI技术的病变显示效果、清晰度更加理性,更有利于诊断及观察乳腺癌。
