非遗视角下武陵民族地区传统技艺口述史料保护与利用研究

传统技艺作为非物质文化遗产的重要组成,广泛存在世界各地的很多民族中。武陵民族地区传统技艺口述史料作为记录、保护和传承该地区传统技艺的重要资源,很多散佚民间正在快速消亡,急需抢救性保护与利用。文章从非遗视角切入,对武陵民族地区传统技艺口述史料概况进行了系统梳理;分析了武陵民族地区传统技艺口述史料的特点、价值和保护利用面临的问题,提出非遗视角下武陵民族地区传统技艺口述史料保护与利用的路径。

Traditional manufacturing of clay brick used in the historical buildings of Diyarbakir （Turkey）

Clay brick is the most common construction materia（ used in the historical buildings of Diyarbaklr （Turkey）. Many clay brick manufacturing workshops and numerous brick masters have emerged. Diyarbakir currently has two clay brick workshops that face the problem of being closed down. Therefore, manufacturing of clay brick by traditional methods may be forgotten in Diyarbakir. This study investigates the manufacturing phases of traditional clay bricks in Diyarbakir＇s local workshops, which have not been documented. The manufacturin8 phases of the clay bricks in Diyarbaklr were examined for the first time based on in-situ observations, investigations, and interviews. The research indicated the general phases of clay brick manufacturing. Raw materials are first prepared, formed, and dried. The firing of clay bricks is then performed through hacking, heating, burning, coolins, and de-hacking. The clay bricks are finally packaged and dispatched. The traditional manufacturing of clay brick methods in Diyarbaklr is similar in many regions of the world. The clay bricks are currently and extensfvely used in the restoration of historic structures. Therefore, their production must be continuous.

公众史学视野中的遗址博物馆:以重庆抗战遗址博物馆为例

遗址博物馆对于中国目前的公众史学研究与实践具有极为重要的价值。文中以重庆抗战遗址博物馆为例分析公众史学在遗址博物馆的研究基础和途径时,便凸显出其独有的研究优势:从历史遗址环境中易于追寻历史人物的心理,在历史文物中获得更多的史料价值,公众参与更便捷可取,以及独特环境更易梳理口述史料等。遗址博物馆研究与实践公众史学主要通过复原与考证历史场景,辨伪与研究历史文物,推导与衡量历史表述这几个主要途径来实现。