Many young elite athletes do not meet their daily energy and nutrient requirements. However, little research has been done on why these athletes do not meet their daily needs. The aim was to research the barriers and ...Many young elite athletes do not meet their daily energy and nutrient requirements. However, little research has been done on why these athletes do not meet their daily needs. The aim was to research the barriers and motivators of young Dutch elite athletes to optimize their nutritional intake. Quantitative and qualitative research was conducted among 8 handball and 4 volleyball players at the Dutch National Sports Center (17.2 ± 0.8 years). First, the nutritional intake was tracked through food diaries and analyzed in Nutritics. Thereupon, five semi-structured interviews based on the COM-B model were carried out. The interviews were transcribed and coded. The athletes had a reduced intake of energy, carbohydrates, vitamins A, C, E, D, calcium, potassium, zinc, and iron compared to their requirements. Seven themes for optimizing their nutritional intake emerged in the interviews: needs assessment, practical translation, portion size, lack of time, involvement, individuality, and food distribution. Barriers that the athletes experienced were that they did not know what their total daily nutritional needs were and how this translates into practice. In addition, the portion size at dinner was too small. They also had little time to eat a full meal due to time pressure from training and school. On the other hand, motivators were receiving meal options to translate their needs into practice with a distribution of moments when they need to eat. Covering these topics in nutritional workshops where athletes actively participate with more individual focus, could contribute to the optimization of their nutritional intake.展开更多
This study analyzed the difference between using a downward breaststroke kick and a horizontal breaststroke kick in a sample of world class elite swimmers.We compared average muscle activity of the gluteus maximus,qua...This study analyzed the difference between using a downward breaststroke kick and a horizontal breaststroke kick in a sample of world class elite swimmers.We compared average muscle activity of the gluteus maximus,quadriceps femoris(vastus medialis and rectus femoris),hamstring/long head of the biceps femoris,gastrocnemius medialis,rectus abdominal,and erector spinae when using the downward breaststroke kick technique.We find that when this sample of swimmers utilized the downward breaststroke kick,max speed and velocity per stroke increased,measured by 12,788 EMG samples,where the results are highly correlated to duration of the aerodynamic buoyant force in breaststroke kick technique.The increases in performance observed from measuring the world class elite swimmers is highly correlated to the duration of the kick aerodynamic buoyant force.Among this sample of elite swimmers,the longer a swimmer demonstrates a buoyant force breaststroke kick,the lower the time in a 100 breaststroke.展开更多
Due to the complexity of leadership and its variability across situations,it is suggested that research on leadership should focus on attempts to understand leadership in specific situations or roles,and develop local...Due to the complexity of leadership and its variability across situations,it is suggested that research on leadership should focus on attempts to understand leadership in specific situations or roles,and develop local knowledge about leadership in each situation or role.This paper validates the possibility and importance of building indigenous leadership theories from historical perspective.We demonstrated how to carry out research on indigenous Chinese leadership from a historical perspective by comparative case studies using historical data.Based on the principles of typicalness,representativeness,and comparativeness,we selected six counterparts of political elites in ancient China as comparative cases,which includes Guan Zhong&Shang Yang(organizational reformer),Liu Bang&Xiang Yu(entrepreneur),Li Shimin&Qin Shihuang(intergenerational transition successor),Zhuge Liang&Zeng Guofan(professional manager),Lu Su&Zhang Juzheng(mess-to-order maker),and Zuo Zongtang&Wang Anshi(national dream driver).The paper aims to develop indigenous leadership theory specific to Chinese mental states and culture.展开更多
目的:探讨彝药黑根治疗类风湿性关节炎潜在的作用机制以及主要活性成分。方法:运用UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS及GC-MS技术分析黑根的化学成分,利用Swiss Target进行活性成分的靶点筛选和预测,同时在Genecard、OMIM、Dis Ge NET等数据库中筛...目的:探讨彝药黑根治疗类风湿性关节炎潜在的作用机制以及主要活性成分。方法:运用UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS及GC-MS技术分析黑根的化学成分,利用Swiss Target进行活性成分的靶点筛选和预测,同时在Genecard、OMIM、Dis Ge NET等数据库中筛选类风湿性关节炎相关靶点,利用Cytoscape3.9.0软件构建“活性成分-靶点”网络模型,运用String数据分析平台进行蛋白互作网络分析,并且利用基因富集分析在线工具对核心靶点进行GO富集分析和KEGG通路分析,最后使用分子对接对网络药理学内容进行初步验证。结果:共鉴定出黑根化学成分78个,筛选后活性成分50个,237个潜在作用靶点与类风湿性关节炎相关,包括STAT3、AKT1、EGFR等关键靶点。通路富集分析PI3K-Akt通路、JAK-STAT等信号通路可能是黑根发挥抗类风湿性关节炎的主要途径。通过分子对接技术得出主要活性成分(异绿原酸B、异绿原酸C)与关键靶点有较好结合力。结论:研究初步表明黑根通过多成分、多靶点、多途径治疗类风湿性关节炎的作用,为后续黑根物质基础研究提供了理论依据。展开更多
Efficient speed controllers for dynamic driving tasks in autonomous vehicles are crucial for ensuring safety and reliability.This study proposes a novel approach for designing a fractional order proportional-integral-...Efficient speed controllers for dynamic driving tasks in autonomous vehicles are crucial for ensuring safety and reliability.This study proposes a novel approach for designing a fractional order proportional-integral-derivative(FOPID)controller that utilizes a modified elite opposition-based artificial hummingbird algorithm(m-AHA)for optimal parameter tuning.Our approach outperforms existing optimization techniques on benchmark functions,and we demonstrate its effectiveness in controlling cruise control systems with increased flexibility and precision.Our study contributes to the advancement of autonomous vehicle technology by introducing a novel and efficient method for FOPID controller design that can enhance the driving experience while ensuring safety and reliability.We highlight the significance of our findings by demonstrating how our approach can improve the performance,safety,and reliability of autonomous vehicles.This study’s contributions are particularly relevant in the context of the growing demand for autonomous vehicles and the need for advanced control techniques to ensure their safe operation.Our research provides a promising avenue for further research and development in this area.展开更多
文摘Many young elite athletes do not meet their daily energy and nutrient requirements. However, little research has been done on why these athletes do not meet their daily needs. The aim was to research the barriers and motivators of young Dutch elite athletes to optimize their nutritional intake. Quantitative and qualitative research was conducted among 8 handball and 4 volleyball players at the Dutch National Sports Center (17.2 ± 0.8 years). First, the nutritional intake was tracked through food diaries and analyzed in Nutritics. Thereupon, five semi-structured interviews based on the COM-B model were carried out. The interviews were transcribed and coded. The athletes had a reduced intake of energy, carbohydrates, vitamins A, C, E, D, calcium, potassium, zinc, and iron compared to their requirements. Seven themes for optimizing their nutritional intake emerged in the interviews: needs assessment, practical translation, portion size, lack of time, involvement, individuality, and food distribution. Barriers that the athletes experienced were that they did not know what their total daily nutritional needs were and how this translates into practice. In addition, the portion size at dinner was too small. They also had little time to eat a full meal due to time pressure from training and school. On the other hand, motivators were receiving meal options to translate their needs into practice with a distribution of moments when they need to eat. Covering these topics in nutritional workshops where athletes actively participate with more individual focus, could contribute to the optimization of their nutritional intake.
文摘This study analyzed the difference between using a downward breaststroke kick and a horizontal breaststroke kick in a sample of world class elite swimmers.We compared average muscle activity of the gluteus maximus,quadriceps femoris(vastus medialis and rectus femoris),hamstring/long head of the biceps femoris,gastrocnemius medialis,rectus abdominal,and erector spinae when using the downward breaststroke kick technique.We find that when this sample of swimmers utilized the downward breaststroke kick,max speed and velocity per stroke increased,measured by 12,788 EMG samples,where the results are highly correlated to duration of the aerodynamic buoyant force in breaststroke kick technique.The increases in performance observed from measuring the world class elite swimmers is highly correlated to the duration of the kick aerodynamic buoyant force.Among this sample of elite swimmers,the longer a swimmer demonstrates a buoyant force breaststroke kick,the lower the time in a 100 breaststroke.
文摘Due to the complexity of leadership and its variability across situations,it is suggested that research on leadership should focus on attempts to understand leadership in specific situations or roles,and develop local knowledge about leadership in each situation or role.This paper validates the possibility and importance of building indigenous leadership theories from historical perspective.We demonstrated how to carry out research on indigenous Chinese leadership from a historical perspective by comparative case studies using historical data.Based on the principles of typicalness,representativeness,and comparativeness,we selected six counterparts of political elites in ancient China as comparative cases,which includes Guan Zhong&Shang Yang(organizational reformer),Liu Bang&Xiang Yu(entrepreneur),Li Shimin&Qin Shihuang(intergenerational transition successor),Zhuge Liang&Zeng Guofan(professional manager),Lu Su&Zhang Juzheng(mess-to-order maker),and Zuo Zongtang&Wang Anshi(national dream driver).The paper aims to develop indigenous leadership theory specific to Chinese mental states and culture.
文摘目的:探讨彝药黑根治疗类风湿性关节炎潜在的作用机制以及主要活性成分。方法:运用UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS及GC-MS技术分析黑根的化学成分,利用Swiss Target进行活性成分的靶点筛选和预测,同时在Genecard、OMIM、Dis Ge NET等数据库中筛选类风湿性关节炎相关靶点,利用Cytoscape3.9.0软件构建“活性成分-靶点”网络模型,运用String数据分析平台进行蛋白互作网络分析,并且利用基因富集分析在线工具对核心靶点进行GO富集分析和KEGG通路分析,最后使用分子对接对网络药理学内容进行初步验证。结果:共鉴定出黑根化学成分78个,筛选后活性成分50个,237个潜在作用靶点与类风湿性关节炎相关,包括STAT3、AKT1、EGFR等关键靶点。通路富集分析PI3K-Akt通路、JAK-STAT等信号通路可能是黑根发挥抗类风湿性关节炎的主要途径。通过分子对接技术得出主要活性成分(异绿原酸B、异绿原酸C)与关键靶点有较好结合力。结论:研究初步表明黑根通过多成分、多靶点、多途径治疗类风湿性关节炎的作用,为后续黑根物质基础研究提供了理论依据。
文摘Efficient speed controllers for dynamic driving tasks in autonomous vehicles are crucial for ensuring safety and reliability.This study proposes a novel approach for designing a fractional order proportional-integral-derivative(FOPID)controller that utilizes a modified elite opposition-based artificial hummingbird algorithm(m-AHA)for optimal parameter tuning.Our approach outperforms existing optimization techniques on benchmark functions,and we demonstrate its effectiveness in controlling cruise control systems with increased flexibility and precision.Our study contributes to the advancement of autonomous vehicle technology by introducing a novel and efficient method for FOPID controller design that can enhance the driving experience while ensuring safety and reliability.We highlight the significance of our findings by demonstrating how our approach can improve the performance,safety,and reliability of autonomous vehicles.This study’s contributions are particularly relevant in the context of the growing demand for autonomous vehicles and the need for advanced control techniques to ensure their safe operation.Our research provides a promising avenue for further research and development in this area.
