On the background of analysis on region water environment safety in the Dongjiang Lake of south-central China, the source of pollution of water environment and its control are studied. The concept of region environmen...On the background of analysis on region water environment safety in the Dongjiang Lake of south-central China, the source of pollution of water environment and its control are studied. The concept of region environment disaster chain is put forward on the basis of combination study on the disaster chain theory and pollution problem in regional water environment. Through identification and analysis of pollution disaster resources in regional water environment of the Dongjiang Lake, the annual emission of the chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus (TP) and heavy metal (Cd, As, Pb) are counted. According to evaluation on structure proportion of contaminants in the Dongjiang Lake, agricultural non-point source is the uppermost pollution source, which accounted for 87.74% in total pollution load. Ammonia nitrogen, TP and COD are mainly contaminants accounted for 94.27% in total pollution load. By analyzing danger of contaminants in the lake, basic form of disaster chain of water environment pollution is built elementarily. It shows characteristics of branches and trunk basin disaster chain and embodies multisource disaster implication chain caused by human activities. Then, disaster resources chain-cutting methods for pollution prevention and control of regional water environment of the Dongjiang Lake are analyzed.展开更多
以祁东煤矿为例,通过研究矿井地下水运移规律及其所在区域的构造控水特征,以期为煤矿水害的超前精准治理和区域防治提供借鉴参考。利用构造控水理论结合祁东煤矿及其所在矿区、煤田的地质构造背景,对构造控水的逐级控制作用和构造控水...以祁东煤矿为例,通过研究矿井地下水运移规律及其所在区域的构造控水特征,以期为煤矿水害的超前精准治理和区域防治提供借鉴参考。利用构造控水理论结合祁东煤矿及其所在矿区、煤田的地质构造背景,对构造控水的逐级控制作用和构造控水作用方式进行研究,结果如下:祁东煤矿基岩地层形态整体受宿南向斜控制,局部受魏庙断层等构造控制,新生界地层形态亦受到构造的间接控制;在宿南向斜控制下,矿井内或矿井外南部风化后的二叠系煤系砂岩裂隙含水层、太灰、奥灰与四含角度不整合接触;在魏庙断层控制下,在矿井南部采区部分二叠系煤系砂岩裂隙含水层含水层再次露头,与四含角度不整合接触,不整合接触使得含水层间可产生水力联系。总结分析结果,认为:(1)地质构造通过对地层形态的控制,对地下含水层水起到控制作用;(2)地质构造通过控制含水层间的接触,对含水层间的水力联系起到控制作用。为进一步验证含水层间的水力联系,利用水位变化的对比分析和皮尔逊(Person)相关系数,对放水试验期间南部采区四含、太灰和正常水位观测期间四含、太灰、奥灰的钻孔水位观测结果进行分析,得出:(1)南部采区放水试验期间,四含(SQ10-14)与太灰(ST4)水位变化基本同步,相关性极强;(2)正常水位观测期间,四含(SQ10)、太灰(ST4)、奥灰(SO_(2))两两之间水位变化具有极强的相关性,同一含水层内不同观测孔间水位变化的相关性差异较大。证实:受构造控制,在矿井局部,四含与基岩含水层角度不整合接触区域,存在水力联系。利用地下水数值模拟软件Groundwater Model System(GMS)结合参数反演Parameter Estimation(PEST),对四含水位分布和径流规律进行研究,得出:四含水位在-7~-57 m,南部水位比北部水位高,在魏庙断层处,水力梯度较大;四含水径流集中在矿井西南部和中部,西南部整体向北径流,中部以东西向径流为主,四含径流有绕过魏庙断层。展开更多
文摘On the background of analysis on region water environment safety in the Dongjiang Lake of south-central China, the source of pollution of water environment and its control are studied. The concept of region environment disaster chain is put forward on the basis of combination study on the disaster chain theory and pollution problem in regional water environment. Through identification and analysis of pollution disaster resources in regional water environment of the Dongjiang Lake, the annual emission of the chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus (TP) and heavy metal (Cd, As, Pb) are counted. According to evaluation on structure proportion of contaminants in the Dongjiang Lake, agricultural non-point source is the uppermost pollution source, which accounted for 87.74% in total pollution load. Ammonia nitrogen, TP and COD are mainly contaminants accounted for 94.27% in total pollution load. By analyzing danger of contaminants in the lake, basic form of disaster chain of water environment pollution is built elementarily. It shows characteristics of branches and trunk basin disaster chain and embodies multisource disaster implication chain caused by human activities. Then, disaster resources chain-cutting methods for pollution prevention and control of regional water environment of the Dongjiang Lake are analyzed.
文摘以祁东煤矿为例,通过研究矿井地下水运移规律及其所在区域的构造控水特征,以期为煤矿水害的超前精准治理和区域防治提供借鉴参考。利用构造控水理论结合祁东煤矿及其所在矿区、煤田的地质构造背景,对构造控水的逐级控制作用和构造控水作用方式进行研究,结果如下:祁东煤矿基岩地层形态整体受宿南向斜控制,局部受魏庙断层等构造控制,新生界地层形态亦受到构造的间接控制;在宿南向斜控制下,矿井内或矿井外南部风化后的二叠系煤系砂岩裂隙含水层、太灰、奥灰与四含角度不整合接触;在魏庙断层控制下,在矿井南部采区部分二叠系煤系砂岩裂隙含水层含水层再次露头,与四含角度不整合接触,不整合接触使得含水层间可产生水力联系。总结分析结果,认为:(1)地质构造通过对地层形态的控制,对地下含水层水起到控制作用;(2)地质构造通过控制含水层间的接触,对含水层间的水力联系起到控制作用。为进一步验证含水层间的水力联系,利用水位变化的对比分析和皮尔逊(Person)相关系数,对放水试验期间南部采区四含、太灰和正常水位观测期间四含、太灰、奥灰的钻孔水位观测结果进行分析,得出:(1)南部采区放水试验期间,四含(SQ10-14)与太灰(ST4)水位变化基本同步,相关性极强;(2)正常水位观测期间,四含(SQ10)、太灰(ST4)、奥灰(SO_(2))两两之间水位变化具有极强的相关性,同一含水层内不同观测孔间水位变化的相关性差异较大。证实:受构造控制,在矿井局部,四含与基岩含水层角度不整合接触区域,存在水力联系。利用地下水数值模拟软件Groundwater Model System(GMS)结合参数反演Parameter Estimation(PEST),对四含水位分布和径流规律进行研究,得出:四含水位在-7~-57 m,南部水位比北部水位高,在魏庙断层处,水力梯度较大;四含水径流集中在矿井西南部和中部,西南部整体向北径流,中部以东西向径流为主,四含径流有绕过魏庙断层。
