选取苏钟种母猪16头,在第2个发情期后,按发情前期、发情期、发情后期和间情期随机分成4组。用RT-PCR检测苏钟猪发情周期不同时期preproorexin和orexin 1受体(OX1R) m RNA在下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴中的表达。结果显示:发情周期不同时期prepro...选取苏钟种母猪16头,在第2个发情期后,按发情前期、发情期、发情后期和间情期随机分成4组。用RT-PCR检测苏钟猪发情周期不同时期preproorexin和orexin 1受体(OX1R) m RNA在下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴中的表达。结果显示:发情周期不同时期preproorexin m RNA在下丘脑、垂体和卵巢中变化趋势一致,preproorexin m RNA在猪的发情前期表达最高,随后其表达量开始下降,在发情后期其表达最少,在间情期时又开始上升。下丘脑中OX1R m RNA在发情前期开始上升,在发情后期达到最高,随后在间情期又开始下降。垂体和卵巢中OX1 R m RNA的变化与下丘脑中OX1R m RNA的变化趋势一致。上述结果表明:orexin可能参与调控动物生殖过程。展开更多
Orexins, produced in the lateral hypothalamus, are important neuropeptides that participate in the sleep/wake cycle, and their expres- sion coincides with the projection area of the vagus nerve in the brain. Vagus ner...Orexins, produced in the lateral hypothalamus, are important neuropeptides that participate in the sleep/wake cycle, and their expres- sion coincides with the projection area of the vagus nerve in the brain. Vagus nerve stimulation has been shown to decrease the amounts of daytime sleep and rapid eye movement in epilepsy patients with traumatic brain injury. In the present study, we investigated whether vagus nerve stimulation promotes wakefulness and affects orexin expression. A rat model of traumatic brain injury was established using the free fall drop method. In the stimulated group, rats with traumatic brain injury received vagus nerve stimulation （frequency, 30 Hz, current, 1.0 mA; pulse width, 0.5 ms; total stimulation time, 15 minutes）. In the antagonist group, rats with traumatic brain injury were intracerebroventricularly injected with the orexin receptor type 1 （OXIR） antagonist SB334867 and received vagus nerve stimulation. Changes in consciousness were observed after stimulation in each group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blot assay and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the levels of orexin-A and OX1R expression in the prefrontal cortex. In the stimulated group, consciousness was substantially improved, orexin-A protein expression gradually increased within 24 hours after injury and OX1R expres- sion reached a peak at 12 hours, compared with rats subjected to traumatic brain injury only. In the antagonist group, the wake-promoting effect of vagus nerve stimulation was diminished, and orexin-A and OX1R expression were decreased, compared with that of the stim- ulated group. Taken together, our findings suggest that vagus nerve stimulation promotes the recovery of consciousness in comatose rats after traumatic brain injury. The upregulation of orexin-A and OXIR expression in the prefrontal cortex might be involved in the wake-promoting effects of vagus nerve stimulation.展开更多
An imbalance in adenosine-mediated signaling,particularly the increased A_(2A)R-mediated signaling,plays a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.Existing therapeutic approaches fail to alter disease prog...An imbalance in adenosine-mediated signaling,particularly the increased A_(2A)R-mediated signaling,plays a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.Existing therapeutic approaches fail to alter disease progression,demonstrating the need for novel approaches in PD.Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a non-invasive approach that has been shown to improve motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease.However,the underlying mechanisms of the beneficial effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation remain unknown.The purpose of this study is to investigate the extent to which the beneficial effects of prolonged intermittent theta burst stimulation in the 6-hydroxydopamine model of experimental parkinsonism are based on modulation of adenosine-mediated signaling.Animals with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions underwent intermittent theta burst stimulation for 3 weeks and were tested for motor skills using the Rotarod test.Immunoblot,quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,immunohistochemistry,and biochemical analysis of components of adenosine-mediated signaling were performed on the synaptosomal fraction of the lesioned caudate putamen.Prolonged intermittent theta burst stimulation improved motor symptoms in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned animals.A 6-hydroxydopamine lesion resulted in progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the caudate putamen.Treatment with intermittent theta burst stimulation began 7 days after the lesion,coinciding with the onset of motor symptoms.After treatment with prolonged intermittent theta burst stimulation,complete motor recovery was observed.This improvement was accompanied by downregulation of the e N/CD73-A_(2A)R pathway and a return to physiological levels of A_(1)R-adenosine deaminase 1 after 3 weeks of intermittent theta burst stimulation.Our results demonstrated that 6-hydroxydopamine-induced degeneration reduced the expression of A_(1)R and elevated the expression of A_(2A)R.Intermittent theta burst stimulation reversed these effects by restoring the abundances of A_(1)R and A_(2A)R to control levels.The shift in ARs expression likely restored the balance between dopamine-adenosine signaling,ultimately leading to the recovery of motor control.展开更多
Specific primers for the MC1R gene of alpacas(GenBank EU1358800) were designed to amplify the cDNA sequence using RT-PCR to seek variation in the sequence and explore the relationship between the expression level of M...Specific primers for the MC1R gene of alpacas(GenBank EU1358800) were designed to amplify the cDNA sequence using RT-PCR to seek variation in the sequence and explore the relationship between the expression level of MC1R gene and alpaca coat color.The MC1R gene from white alpaca was cloned successfully and sequence analysis verified that the MC1R gene,encoding 317 amino acids,was 1081 bp in length.Compared with the existing sequence in GenBank,sequence identity was 99.9%and 7 mutations were found.Primers,designed from the sequence obtained,were used to assess the relative expression of MC1R in alpacas of different coat color using QRT-PCR and SPSS 13.0 software.Relative expression of MC1R in the skin of brown alpacas was 4.32 times higher than that in white alpacas after normalization with GAPDH(P【0.01),indicating that MC1R expression may be related to coat color of alpacas.展开更多
Glucagon peptide-like 1（GLP-1）and GLP-1 receptor（GLP-1R）：GLP-1 is an incretin hormone secreted from gut L cells.GLP-1 exerts its action through binding to its specific receptor,GLP-1R,which is a member of the G p...Glucagon peptide-like 1（GLP-1）and GLP-1 receptor（GLP-1R）：GLP-1 is an incretin hormone secreted from gut L cells.GLP-1 exerts its action through binding to its specific receptor,GLP-1R,which is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily.GLP-1R is reportedly expressed in various organs,such as the liver,kidney,and peripheral tissues.展开更多
Background:Overexpression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)has been reported in diabetic retinopathy(DR).The kinin B1 receptor(B1R)is also overexpressed in DR,and can stimulate iNOS via Gαi/ERK/MAPK pathway.We...Background:Overexpression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)has been reported in diabetic retinopathy(DR).The kinin B1 receptor(B1R)is also overexpressed in DR,and can stimulate iNOS via Gαi/ERK/MAPK pathway.We previously showed that the topical administration of a B1R antagonist,LF22-0542,significantly reduces leukocyte infiltration,increased vascular permeability and overexpression of several inflammatory mediators,including iNOS in DR.Thus,the aim of this study was to determine whether the pro-inflammatory effects of B1R are attributed to oxidative stress caused by the activation of iNOS pathway in order to identify new therapeutic targets for the treatment of DR.iNOS and B1R being absent in the normal retina,their inhibition is unlikely to result in undesirable side effects.The approach will be no invasive by eye application of drops.Methods:Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats(200-230 g)by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ,65 mg/kg b.w).One week later,rats were randomly divided into four groups(N=5)and treated for one week as follows:Gr 1:control rats treated with the selective iNOS inhibitor(1,400 W,0.06μM twice a day by eye-drops×7 days),Gr 2,STZ-diabetic rats treated with 1,400 W,Gr 3:control rats received a selective B1R agonist[Sar(D-Phe8)-des-Arg9-BK,100μg twice a week]by intravitreal injections(itrv)and treated with 1,400 W,Gr 4:STZ-diabetic rats+B1R agonist+1,400 W.At the end of treatment and two weeks post-STZ,three series of experiments were carried out to measure vascular permeability(by Evans blue dye method)and the expression of vasoactive and inflammatory mediators,including iNOS,VEGF-A,VEGF-R2,IL-1β,Cox-2,TNF-α,bradykinin 1 and 2 receptors and carboxypeptidase M/kininase 1(by Western Blotting and qRT-PCR).The nitrosative stress(nitrosylation of proteins)was also assessed by Western Blotting.One-way Anova test with Bonferroni post hoc was used for statistical analysis.Results:STZ-diabetic rats showed a significant increase in retinal vascular permeability(22.8μg/g Evans blue dye per g of fresh retinas,P=0.016)compared with control rats and control treated rats(17.2 and 16.8μg/g respectively).The injections of B1R agonist amplified the increase of vascular permeability which was normalized by the 1,400 W.The overexpression of inflammatory markers was also normalized by the 1,400 W in STZ-diabetic rats received or not the B1R agonist.Conclusions:These results support a contribution of iNOS in the deleterious effects of B1R in this model of diabetic retinopathy.Hence,iNOS inhibition by ocular application of 1,400 W may represent a promising and non-invasive therapeutic approach in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.展开更多
目的:基于食欲素受体1(OX1R)/磷脂酰肌醇特异性磷酯酶Cβ-1(PLCβ-1)/蛋白激酶Cα(PKCα)/细胞外信号调节激酶1/2(ERK1/2)信号通路探讨安寐丹对失眠大鼠肝脏神经递质及昼夜节律的影响及机制。方法:SPF级SD大鼠60只,随机分为空白组、模...目的:基于食欲素受体1(OX1R)/磷脂酰肌醇特异性磷酯酶Cβ-1(PLCβ-1)/蛋白激酶Cα(PKCα)/细胞外信号调节激酶1/2(ERK1/2)信号通路探讨安寐丹对失眠大鼠肝脏神经递质及昼夜节律的影响及机制。方法:SPF级SD大鼠60只,随机分为空白组、模型组、苏沃雷生组、安寐丹低、中、高剂量组,各10只;除空白组外,其余各组通过腹腔注射对氯苯丙氨酸(PCPA)进行造模,空白组给予等容生理盐水、苏沃雷生组给予苏沃雷生溶液30 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)灌胃、安寐丹低、中、高剂量组分别给予安寐丹水煎液(4.55、9.09、18.18 g·kg^(-1)·d^(-1));观察各组一般情况、体质量和24 h自主活动情况;采用苏木素-伊红(HE)和马松(Masson)染色观察肝脏病理学改变,酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测肝脏神经递质γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)、肾上腺素(EPI)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)和乙酰胆碱(ACh)的表达,生化检测肝脏谷氨酸(Glu)的表达,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测肝脏生物钟基因Per1、Per2、Cry1、Cry2、Bmal1、Bmal2的m RNA表达,蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)、Real-time PCR检测肝脏OX1R/PLCβ-1/PKCα/ERK1/2信号通路蛋白及m RNA表达。结果:与空白组比较,模型组体质量下降(P<0.05,P<0.01),狂躁、静止节律紊乱(P<0.01),肝脏肌纤维断裂、水肿伴炎性细胞浸润,GABA、5-HT、EPI、NE和ACh含量降低、Glu含量升高(P<0.01),Per1、Per2、Cry1和Cry2 m RNA表达降低(P<0.01),Bmal1和Bmal2 m RNA表达升高(P<0.01),OX1R、PLCβ-1、PKCα、ERK1/2蛋白及m RNA基因表达均增高(P<0.01);与模型组比较,苏沃雷生和安寐丹低、中、高剂量组可增加失眠大鼠体质量(P<0.05,P<0.01),减少狂躁状态、增加其静止时间和频率(P<0.05,P<0.01),并可上调神经递质GABA、5-HT、EPI、NE、ACh和节律基因Per1、Per2、Cry1、Cry2 m RNA表达(P<0.05,P<0.01),抑制Glu及Bmal1、Bmal2、OX1R、PLCβ-1、PKCα、ERK1/2 m RNA和OX1R、PLCβ-1、PKCα、ERK1/2蛋白表达(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:安寐丹可通过抑制OX1R/PLCβ-1/PKCα/ERK1/2信号通路调节失眠大鼠肝脏神经递质表达,改善昼夜节律紊乱,且安寐丹高剂量组效果最佳。展开更多
目的:研究慢性脑缺血时脑食欲素受体-1(OX1R)的表达及其随缺血时间的变化。方法:通过结扎双侧颈总动脉建立慢性脑缺血模型,通过水迷宫对慢性脑缺血大鼠的行为学进行评价,免疫组化法观察OX1R的表达,双标免疫荧光进一步确定OX1R表达的定...目的:研究慢性脑缺血时脑食欲素受体-1(OX1R)的表达及其随缺血时间的变化。方法:通过结扎双侧颈总动脉建立慢性脑缺血模型,通过水迷宫对慢性脑缺血大鼠的行为学进行评价,免疫组化法观察OX1R的表达,双标免疫荧光进一步确定OX1R表达的定位。结果:缺血15d时大鼠的学习记忆能力明显减退,1月、2月较缺血15 d模型组的学习记忆能力有所好转。同时,从缺血急性期一直持续到15 d OX1R的表达明显增高,1月时OX1R的表达明显低于15d,2月时OX1R的表达再次增高。从组织学看:15d时部分细胞萎缩,1月时大部分细胞变形萎缩,2月时部分细胞形态恢复正常。双标免疫荧光证实OX1R确实在神经元有表达。结论:慢性缺血性脑损伤时OX1R的表达呈双相性变化,食欲素系统可能在缺血性脑损伤与修复过程中发挥一定的调节作用。展开更多
文摘选取苏钟种母猪16头,在第2个发情期后,按发情前期、发情期、发情后期和间情期随机分成4组。用RT-PCR检测苏钟猪发情周期不同时期preproorexin和orexin 1受体(OX1R) m RNA在下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴中的表达。结果显示:发情周期不同时期preproorexin m RNA在下丘脑、垂体和卵巢中变化趋势一致,preproorexin m RNA在猪的发情前期表达最高,随后其表达量开始下降,在发情后期其表达最少,在间情期时又开始上升。下丘脑中OX1R m RNA在发情前期开始上升,在发情后期达到最高,随后在间情期又开始下降。垂体和卵巢中OX1 R m RNA的变化与下丘脑中OX1R m RNA的变化趋势一致。上述结果表明:orexin可能参与调控动物生殖过程。
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81260295the Graduate Student Innovation Fund of Jiangxi Province of China,No.YC2015-S090
文摘Orexins, produced in the lateral hypothalamus, are important neuropeptides that participate in the sleep/wake cycle, and their expres- sion coincides with the projection area of the vagus nerve in the brain. Vagus nerve stimulation has been shown to decrease the amounts of daytime sleep and rapid eye movement in epilepsy patients with traumatic brain injury. In the present study, we investigated whether vagus nerve stimulation promotes wakefulness and affects orexin expression. A rat model of traumatic brain injury was established using the free fall drop method. In the stimulated group, rats with traumatic brain injury received vagus nerve stimulation （frequency, 30 Hz, current, 1.0 mA; pulse width, 0.5 ms; total stimulation time, 15 minutes）. In the antagonist group, rats with traumatic brain injury were intracerebroventricularly injected with the orexin receptor type 1 （OXIR） antagonist SB334867 and received vagus nerve stimulation. Changes in consciousness were observed after stimulation in each group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blot assay and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the levels of orexin-A and OX1R expression in the prefrontal cortex. In the stimulated group, consciousness was substantially improved, orexin-A protein expression gradually increased within 24 hours after injury and OX1R expres- sion reached a peak at 12 hours, compared with rats subjected to traumatic brain injury only. In the antagonist group, the wake-promoting effect of vagus nerve stimulation was diminished, and orexin-A and OX1R expression were decreased, compared with that of the stim- ulated group. Taken together, our findings suggest that vagus nerve stimulation promotes the recovery of consciousness in comatose rats after traumatic brain injury. The upregulation of orexin-A and OXIR expression in the prefrontal cortex might be involved in the wake-promoting effects of vagus nerve stimulation.
基金supported by a grant from Ministry of Science,Technological Development and Innovation,Serbia,No.451-03-68/2022-14/200178(to NN)University of Defence,No.MFVMA/02/22-24(to MN)。
文摘An imbalance in adenosine-mediated signaling,particularly the increased A_(2A)R-mediated signaling,plays a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.Existing therapeutic approaches fail to alter disease progression,demonstrating the need for novel approaches in PD.Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a non-invasive approach that has been shown to improve motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease.However,the underlying mechanisms of the beneficial effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation remain unknown.The purpose of this study is to investigate the extent to which the beneficial effects of prolonged intermittent theta burst stimulation in the 6-hydroxydopamine model of experimental parkinsonism are based on modulation of adenosine-mediated signaling.Animals with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions underwent intermittent theta burst stimulation for 3 weeks and were tested for motor skills using the Rotarod test.Immunoblot,quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,immunohistochemistry,and biochemical analysis of components of adenosine-mediated signaling were performed on the synaptosomal fraction of the lesioned caudate putamen.Prolonged intermittent theta burst stimulation improved motor symptoms in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned animals.A 6-hydroxydopamine lesion resulted in progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the caudate putamen.Treatment with intermittent theta burst stimulation began 7 days after the lesion,coinciding with the onset of motor symptoms.After treatment with prolonged intermittent theta burst stimulation,complete motor recovery was observed.This improvement was accompanied by downregulation of the e N/CD73-A_(2A)R pathway and a return to physiological levels of A_(1)R-adenosine deaminase 1 after 3 weeks of intermittent theta burst stimulation.Our results demonstrated that 6-hydroxydopamine-induced degeneration reduced the expression of A_(1)R and elevated the expression of A_(2A)R.Intermittent theta burst stimulation reversed these effects by restoring the abundances of A_(1)R and A_(2A)R to control levels.The shift in ARs expression likely restored the balance between dopamine-adenosine signaling,ultimately leading to the recovery of motor control.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30501070)Shanxi Natural Science Foundation(No.20041099)President Foundation of Agricultural University of Hebei (BS2007023)
文摘Specific primers for the MC1R gene of alpacas(GenBank EU1358800) were designed to amplify the cDNA sequence using RT-PCR to seek variation in the sequence and explore the relationship between the expression level of MC1R gene and alpaca coat color.The MC1R gene from white alpaca was cloned successfully and sequence analysis verified that the MC1R gene,encoding 317 amino acids,was 1081 bp in length.Compared with the existing sequence in GenBank,sequence identity was 99.9%and 7 mutations were found.Primers,designed from the sequence obtained,were used to assess the relative expression of MC1R in alpacas of different coat color using QRT-PCR and SPSS 13.0 software.Relative expression of MC1R in the skin of brown alpacas was 4.32 times higher than that in white alpacas after normalization with GAPDH(P【0.01),indicating that MC1R expression may be related to coat color of alpacas.
基金supported financially by a research grant from National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF-2010-0023627)
文摘Glucagon peptide-like 1（GLP-1）and GLP-1 receptor（GLP-1R）：GLP-1 is an incretin hormone secreted from gut L cells.GLP-1 exerts its action through binding to its specific receptor,GLP-1R,which is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily.GLP-1R is reportedly expressed in various organs,such as the liver,kidney,and peripheral tissues.
文摘Background:Overexpression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)has been reported in diabetic retinopathy(DR).The kinin B1 receptor(B1R)is also overexpressed in DR,and can stimulate iNOS via Gαi/ERK/MAPK pathway.We previously showed that the topical administration of a B1R antagonist,LF22-0542,significantly reduces leukocyte infiltration,increased vascular permeability and overexpression of several inflammatory mediators,including iNOS in DR.Thus,the aim of this study was to determine whether the pro-inflammatory effects of B1R are attributed to oxidative stress caused by the activation of iNOS pathway in order to identify new therapeutic targets for the treatment of DR.iNOS and B1R being absent in the normal retina,their inhibition is unlikely to result in undesirable side effects.The approach will be no invasive by eye application of drops.Methods:Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats(200-230 g)by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ,65 mg/kg b.w).One week later,rats were randomly divided into four groups(N=5)and treated for one week as follows:Gr 1:control rats treated with the selective iNOS inhibitor(1,400 W,0.06μM twice a day by eye-drops×7 days),Gr 2,STZ-diabetic rats treated with 1,400 W,Gr 3:control rats received a selective B1R agonist[Sar(D-Phe8)-des-Arg9-BK,100μg twice a week]by intravitreal injections(itrv)and treated with 1,400 W,Gr 4:STZ-diabetic rats+B1R agonist+1,400 W.At the end of treatment and two weeks post-STZ,three series of experiments were carried out to measure vascular permeability(by Evans blue dye method)and the expression of vasoactive and inflammatory mediators,including iNOS,VEGF-A,VEGF-R2,IL-1β,Cox-2,TNF-α,bradykinin 1 and 2 receptors and carboxypeptidase M/kininase 1(by Western Blotting and qRT-PCR).The nitrosative stress(nitrosylation of proteins)was also assessed by Western Blotting.One-way Anova test with Bonferroni post hoc was used for statistical analysis.Results:STZ-diabetic rats showed a significant increase in retinal vascular permeability(22.8μg/g Evans blue dye per g of fresh retinas,P=0.016)compared with control rats and control treated rats(17.2 and 16.8μg/g respectively).The injections of B1R agonist amplified the increase of vascular permeability which was normalized by the 1,400 W.The overexpression of inflammatory markers was also normalized by the 1,400 W in STZ-diabetic rats received or not the B1R agonist.Conclusions:These results support a contribution of iNOS in the deleterious effects of B1R in this model of diabetic retinopathy.Hence,iNOS inhibition by ocular application of 1,400 W may represent a promising and non-invasive therapeutic approach in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.
文摘目的:基于食欲素受体1(OX1R)/磷脂酰肌醇特异性磷酯酶Cβ-1(PLCβ-1)/蛋白激酶Cα(PKCα)/细胞外信号调节激酶1/2(ERK1/2)信号通路探讨安寐丹对失眠大鼠肝脏神经递质及昼夜节律的影响及机制。方法:SPF级SD大鼠60只,随机分为空白组、模型组、苏沃雷生组、安寐丹低、中、高剂量组,各10只;除空白组外,其余各组通过腹腔注射对氯苯丙氨酸(PCPA)进行造模,空白组给予等容生理盐水、苏沃雷生组给予苏沃雷生溶液30 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)灌胃、安寐丹低、中、高剂量组分别给予安寐丹水煎液(4.55、9.09、18.18 g·kg^(-1)·d^(-1));观察各组一般情况、体质量和24 h自主活动情况;采用苏木素-伊红(HE)和马松(Masson)染色观察肝脏病理学改变,酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测肝脏神经递质γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)、肾上腺素(EPI)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)和乙酰胆碱(ACh)的表达,生化检测肝脏谷氨酸(Glu)的表达,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测肝脏生物钟基因Per1、Per2、Cry1、Cry2、Bmal1、Bmal2的m RNA表达,蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)、Real-time PCR检测肝脏OX1R/PLCβ-1/PKCα/ERK1/2信号通路蛋白及m RNA表达。结果:与空白组比较,模型组体质量下降(P<0.05,P<0.01),狂躁、静止节律紊乱(P<0.01),肝脏肌纤维断裂、水肿伴炎性细胞浸润,GABA、5-HT、EPI、NE和ACh含量降低、Glu含量升高(P<0.01),Per1、Per2、Cry1和Cry2 m RNA表达降低(P<0.01),Bmal1和Bmal2 m RNA表达升高(P<0.01),OX1R、PLCβ-1、PKCα、ERK1/2蛋白及m RNA基因表达均增高(P<0.01);与模型组比较,苏沃雷生和安寐丹低、中、高剂量组可增加失眠大鼠体质量(P<0.05,P<0.01),减少狂躁状态、增加其静止时间和频率(P<0.05,P<0.01),并可上调神经递质GABA、5-HT、EPI、NE、ACh和节律基因Per1、Per2、Cry1、Cry2 m RNA表达(P<0.05,P<0.01),抑制Glu及Bmal1、Bmal2、OX1R、PLCβ-1、PKCα、ERK1/2 m RNA和OX1R、PLCβ-1、PKCα、ERK1/2蛋白表达(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:安寐丹可通过抑制OX1R/PLCβ-1/PKCα/ERK1/2信号通路调节失眠大鼠肝脏神经递质表达,改善昼夜节律紊乱,且安寐丹高剂量组效果最佳。
文摘目的:研究慢性脑缺血时脑食欲素受体-1(OX1R)的表达及其随缺血时间的变化。方法:通过结扎双侧颈总动脉建立慢性脑缺血模型,通过水迷宫对慢性脑缺血大鼠的行为学进行评价,免疫组化法观察OX1R的表达,双标免疫荧光进一步确定OX1R表达的定位。结果:缺血15d时大鼠的学习记忆能力明显减退,1月、2月较缺血15 d模型组的学习记忆能力有所好转。同时,从缺血急性期一直持续到15 d OX1R的表达明显增高,1月时OX1R的表达明显低于15d,2月时OX1R的表达再次增高。从组织学看:15d时部分细胞萎缩,1月时大部分细胞变形萎缩,2月时部分细胞形态恢复正常。双标免疫荧光证实OX1R确实在神经元有表达。结论:慢性缺血性脑损伤时OX1R的表达呈双相性变化,食欲素系统可能在缺血性脑损伤与修复过程中发挥一定的调节作用。
