有机无机肥配施对甘蔗产量及土壤酶活性的影响

通过定位试验研究培肥方式对土壤酶活性的作用规律。结果表明,有机无机肥料配施,可提高土壤有效养分的含量,激活土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、蛋白酶、过氧化物酶的活性,促进甘蔗生长与蔗糖分的累积,对甘蔗增产增糖有积极的作用。

Soil Amendments Improved Tomato Growth, Yield and Soil Properties

Different soil amendments have varying effects on crop growth, yield and soil properties. The study evaluated the effect of poultry manure, inorganic fertilizer (NPK), and biochar-based fertilizer (organo-yield) on tomato growth, yield and post-cropping soil properties. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Data on tomato growth and yield were collected and soils were tested before and after the cropping seasons. Analysis of variance was performed on the data and the effect of soil amendments on tomato growth and yield was determined. The effect of soil amendments on post-production soil properties was tested by comparing soil properties before and after the cropping seasons with published critical values. Results showed that all amendments increased the growth and yield of tomato significantly (P 0.05) compared to the control (without soil amendments). Plant height was higher in plots applied with soil amendments as compared to the control, while stem girth was highest in poultry-manured plots. Poultry manure and organo-yield applied plants exhibited high tomato fruit number and yield compared to control plots. In terms of soil properties, poultry manure and organo-yield improved the soil’s physical and chemical properties. Organo-yield decreased the soil bulk density and increased the pH from 4.8 to 5.5, while, application of NPK only increased calcium content in the soil. The findings confirmed that soil amendments applied increased tomato growth, and yield and also improved soil bulky density and pH.

烟草活性有机无机专用肥的施用效果 Ⅱ.对烤烟生长发育和烟叶产量品质的影响

为了探索烟草活性有机无机专用肥对烤烟生长发育和烟叶产量品质的影响,1999至2000年间,在湖南省烤烟主要种植区进行了烟草活性有机无机专用肥的肥效试验和大面积推广示范.结果表明,施用烟草活性有机无机专用肥,能够促进烤烟烟株根系的生长发育,旺长期烟株的根系活力比施用普通烟草复混肥的处理提高8.1%～20.7%,叶片中硝酸还原酶的活性提高13.3%～14.8%,烟株的出叶速率加快,早生快发好,单株的有效叶片数增多,烟叶产量提高2.7%～10.8%,原烟的上等烟比例提高33.3%～102.3%,产值增加14.3%～26.9%;同时,烟叶的内在质量也得到了改善,表现为烟碱含量下降4.5%～18.2%,还原糖含量提高12.6%～16.5%,淀粉含量下降4.4%～10.5%;烟叶的香气质好,香气量较足,香气味较浓,且余味舒适.

The Effect of Organo-Mineral Fertilizer Applications on the Yield of Winter Wheat, Spring Barley, Forage Maize and Grass Cut for Silage

Biosolids were applied with urea to produce a granulated organo-mineral fertiliser (OMF) for application by farm fertiliser equipment to a range of agricultural crops. The recommended rates of nitrogen, phosphate and potash were calculated for the test crops using “The Fertiliser Manual”, which assesses the nutrient requirement based on previous cropping, rainfall and soil index. The OMF produced similar crop yields compared to ammonium nitrate fertiliser when applied as a top-dressing to winter wheat, forage maize and grass cut for silage in the cropping years 2010 to 2014. In 2012 the grain yield of spring barley top-dressed with OMF was significantly lower than the conventional fertiliser treatment, due to dry conditions following application. For this reason it is recommended that OMF is incorporated into the seedbed for spring sown crops and The Safe Sludge Matrix guidelines followed. The experimental work presented shows that OMF can be used in sustainable crop production systems as a source of nitrogen and phosphorus for a range of agricultural crops.

有机无机生物活性肥料对蔬菜作物生长及土壤生物活性的影响

田间试验结果表明 :施用有机无机生物活性肥料能明显提高蔬菜作物长势 ,提高甘蓝抗根腐病能力 ,有效提高甘蓝单球重 ,田间直观效果比较理想。等成本条件下可比习惯施肥、等量其它无机复混肥料增产 4.0 %以上 ,达显著水平。同时 ,施用有机无机生物活性肥料可明显改善根际土壤微生物区系 ,显著提高土壤酶活性 ,达到改良土壤、提高土壤肥力的目的。

有机无机生物活性肥料施用技术对蔬菜作物生长及产量的影响

田间试验结果表明:施用有机无机生物活性肥料能明显提高蔬菜作物长势,提高甘蓝抗根腐和烂心病能力。在等氮条件下,与常规对照相比产量基本持平,差异并不显著;但每666.7m2可节约成本24元左右,幅度达30,7%。椐统计分析,甘蓝最佳施肥置以100kg/666,7m2为宜,此用量可比常规对照增产9.3%,每666.7m2增加收入295元。在施用总量不变的条件下,减少有机无机生物活性肥料基肥比例,甘蓝则有碱产趋势。