Objective: To investigate the effects of anastrozole combined with Shuganjiangu decoction on osteoblast-like cells. Methods: Human osteoblast-like cells MG-63 were cultured and divided into four groups control, an...Objective: To investigate the effects of anastrozole combined with Shuganjiangu decoction on osteoblast-like cells. Methods: Human osteoblast-like cells MG-63 were cultured and divided into four groups control, anastrozole, Shuganjiangu decoction (SGJGD), and anastrozole combined with SGJGD. Cell proliferation was investigated by M-IF assay. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin, the indicators of cell differentiation, were evaluated by p-nitrophenyl- phosphate method and radioimmunoassay, respectively. Gene expressions of ALP, osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) were examined by real-time PCR. Results: As evidenced by MTT assay, cell proliferation of MG-63 was inhibited by anastrozole, but stimulated with treatment of SGJGD alone and combined with anastrozole (P〈O.01). Compared with control group, ALP activity was increased by the treatment of SGJGD alone and combined with anastrozole (P〈0.01). Also, osteocalcin secretion was enhanced with the treatment of SGJGD single and combination with anastrozole (P〈O.05). In the real-time PCR assay, gene expressions of ALP and osteocalcin were significantly increased (P〈0.01 for ALP, P〈0.05 for osteocalcin) by the treatment of SGJGD and anastrozole combined with SGJGD, but the expression of RANKL was decreased (P〈O.05). Moreover, anastrozole combined with SGJGD upregulated gene expression of OPG (P〈O.01). Conclusion: SGJGD may alleviate the injury effects of anastrozole on MG-63 cells through adjusting bone formation and resorption indicators.展开更多
Recent studies showed that activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway promoted the differentiation of osteoblast-like cells in the arterial calcification, but its mechanism remains unknown. In this study, the hypothesis tha...Recent studies showed that activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway promoted the differentiation of osteoblast-like cells in the arterial calcification, but its mechanism remains unknown. In this study, the hypothesis that Wnt/β-catenin pathway promotes the differentiation of osteoblast-like cells by upregulating the expression of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) was examined. LiCl was used to activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The differentiation of osteoblast-like cells was observed by Von Kossa staining, calcium content assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, and detection of osteocalcin expression. Real-time PCR was performed to detect the expression of RANKL and osteoprotegerin (OPG, the decoy receptor of RANKL) during the osteoblast-like cell differentiation. Different concentrations of OPG were added to the culture media respectively to inhibit the function of RANKL, and the change in the differentiation of osteoblast-like cells was evaluated. The results showed that when the Wnt/β-catenin pathway was activated by LiCl, the expression of RANKL was significantly in-creased, which coincided with the differentiation of osteoblast-like cells (P<0.05), and the OPG treatment could partly attenuate the promoting effect of Wnt/β-catenin pathway on the differentiation of osteoblast-like cells (P<0.05), but it failed to completely abolish such effect. It was concluded that activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway promotes the differentiation of osteoblast-like cells by both RANKL-dependent and RANKL-independent mechanisms.展开更多
Three types of osteoblast-like cells with different cnfigurations could be ob-tained through culturing fetal chicken calvaria in vitro. They were spindle-shaped cells,globular cells, and polygonal or squamous cells. W...Three types of osteoblast-like cells with different cnfigurations could be ob-tained through culturing fetal chicken calvaria in vitro. They were spindle-shaped cells,globular cells, and polygonal or squamous cells. With passage of culture time, there werechanges in configuration so that the spindle-shaped cells and the globular cells turnedgradually into squamous cells, in quantity which increased greatly to produce confluenceand multi-layer formation of cells, and in function as evidenced by emergence ofintracytoplasmic granules, reflecting collagen synthesis.展开更多
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were allowed to develop for 14 days in a platelet-rich fibrin environment.Results demonstrated that platelet-rich fibrin significantly promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell prol...Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were allowed to develop for 14 days in a platelet-rich fibrin environment.Results demonstrated that platelet-rich fibrin significantly promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation.In addition,there was a dose-dependent increase in Runt-related transcription factor-2 and bone morphogenetic protein-2 mRNA expression,as well as neuron-specific enolase and glial acidic protein.Results showed that platelet-rich fibrin promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast-like cells and neural cells in a dose-dependent manner.展开更多
The isolated osteoblast-like cells from embryonic chicken frontal bone werecultured in vitro and histochemical methods adopted to observe the effect of RadixSalviac Miltiorrhizae (RSM) on proliferation, differentiatio...The isolated osteoblast-like cells from embryonic chicken frontal bone werecultured in vitro and histochemical methods adopted to observe the effect of RadixSalviac Miltiorrhizae (RSM) on proliferation, differentiation, and osteogenic capacity ofthese cells. It was found that: 1. The mitosis and proliferation of the osteoblast-like cellscould be accelerated by RSM, resulting in increased density of the cells in RSM groupas compared with the control. 2. After 48 h, the pseudopodia stretched out and drew backactively in osteoblast-like cells in RSM group. Small particles produced in the cells weresecreted through exocytosis to the extracellular medium. However, in the control group,the capacity to form and secrete these particles was limited. These particles showed posi-tive Alcian blue staining in Alcian blue-Sirius red reaction, so they were acidmucopolysaccharide particles. 3. The osteoblast-like cells could secrete vesicular particles 3micra in diameter. These vesicular particles could be stained with Alcian blue in earlystage, then they could be stained with Sirius red, and finally by Alizarin red S. Thesevesicular particles could aggregate and fuse around the cell colonies, forming bonenodules and bone flakes. The quantity and volume of the bone nodules and flakes inRSM group were larger than in the control group. 4. The bone nodules and flakes couldbe labeled vitally with tetracycline, and show strong yellow fluorescence under thefluorescence microscope. Therefore, these substances were the newly formed bone sub-stances.展开更多
Successful regeneration of tissues and organs relies on the application of suitable substrates or scaffolds in scaffold-based regenerative medicine. In this study, Ti-6Al-4V alloy films (Ti alloy film) were produced u...Successful regeneration of tissues and organs relies on the application of suitable substrates or scaffolds in scaffold-based regenerative medicine. In this study, Ti-6Al-4V alloy films (Ti alloy film) were produced using a three-dimensional printing technique called Selective Laser Melting (SLM), which is one of the metal additive manufacturing techniques. The thickness of produced Ti alloy film was approximately 250 μm. The laser-irradiated surface of Ti alloy film had a relatively smooth yet porous surface. The non-irradiated surface was also porous but also retained a lot of partially melted Ti-6Al-4V powder. Cell proliferation ability of mouse fibroblast-like cells (L929 cells) and mouse osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1 cells) on both the surfaces of Ti alloy film was examined using WST assay. Both L929 and MC3T3-E1 cells underwent cell proliferation during the culture period. These results indicate that selective laser melting is suitable for producing a cell-compatible Ti-6Al-4V alloy film for biomaterials applications.展开更多
WTFZ] The study of the bioeffects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) is an important national task in biological physics. Using EMFs to treat bone diseases involves electrical technology, biology, and medicine. But the...WTFZ] The study of the bioeffects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) is an important national task in biological physics. Using EMFs to treat bone diseases involves electrical technology, biology, and medicine. But the effects of EMFs are still controversial and the mechanisms are not yet clear. Therefore, more effect is needed to detect the effects at the cellular and molecular levels. This paper investigates the effects of low-energy, low-frequency pulsed capacitively coupled electric fields (PCCEFs) on DNA synthesis in UMR-106 osteoblast-like cells. The equipment can generate 25250Hz frequency, 0300V amplitude and 0.2ms pulse width signal. DNA synthesis is judged by the uptake of 3 H-thymidine ( 3 H-TdR). The results showed that the response of UMR-106 cells to electric field exposure are characterized by: (a) a frequency window for increased DNA synthesis, with a peak near 125Hz; (b) decreased synthesis with increasing electric intensity with repression at 100V/cm and 25Hz.[展开更多
Carbon/carbon (C/C) composites were deposited with graphite-like carbon (GLC) coating, and then, Arg-Gly- Asp acid (RGD) peptides were successfully immobilized onto the functionalized GLC coating. GLC coating wa...Carbon/carbon (C/C) composites were deposited with graphite-like carbon (GLC) coating, and then, Arg-Gly- Asp acid (RGD) peptides were successfully immobilized onto the functionalized GLC coating. GLC coating was utilized to prevent carbon particles releasing and create a uniform surface condition for C/C composites. RGD peptides were utilized to improve biocompatibility of GLC coating. Surface chemical characterizations of functionalized GLC coating were detected by contact angle measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectra. Optical morphology of GLC coatings was observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. In vitro biological performance was determined using samples seeded with MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells and cultured for 1 week. Surface characterizations and morphological analysis indicated that C/C composites were covered by a dense and uniform GLC coating. Contact angle of GLC coating was reduced to 27.2° when it was functionalized by H202 oxidation at 40 ℃ for 1 h. In vitro cytological test showed that the RGD peptides immobilized GLC coating had a significant improvement in biocompatibility. It was suggested that RGD peptides provided GLC coating with a bioactive surface to improve cell adhesion and proliferation on C/C composites.展开更多
Parkinson’s disease is typically characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta.Many studies have been performed based on the supplementation of lost dopaminergic ...Parkinson’s disease is typically characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta.Many studies have been performed based on the supplementation of lost dopaminergic neurons to treat Parkinson’s disease.The initial strategy for cell replacement therapy used human fetal ventral midbrain and human embryonic stem cells to treat Parkinson’s disease,which could substantially alleviate the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease in clinical practice.However,ethical issues and tumor formation were limitations of its clinical application.Induced pluripotent stem cells can be acquired without sacrificing human embryos,which eliminates the huge ethical barriers of human stem cell therapy.Another widely considered neuronal regeneration strategy is to directly reprogram fibroblasts and astrocytes into neurons,without the need for intermediate proliferation states,thus avoiding issues of immune rejection and tumor formation.Both induced pluripotent stem cells and direct reprogramming of lineage cells have shown promising results in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.However,there are also ethical concerns and the risk of tumor formation that need to be addressed.This review highlights the current application status of cell reprogramming in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease,focusing on the use of induced pluripotent stem cells in cell replacement therapy,including preclinical animal models and progress in clinical research.The review also discusses the advancements in direct reprogramming of lineage cells in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease,as well as the controversy surrounding in vivo reprogramming.These findings suggest that cell reprogramming may hold great promise as a potential strategy for treating Parkinson’s disease.展开更多
Parkinson’s disease is chara cterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars com pacta,and although restoring striatal dopamine levels may improve symptoms,no treatment can cure or reve rse ...Parkinson’s disease is chara cterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars com pacta,and although restoring striatal dopamine levels may improve symptoms,no treatment can cure or reve rse the disease itself.Stem cell therapy has a regenerative effect and is being actively studied as a candidate for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.Mesenchymal stem cells are considered a promising option due to fewer ethical concerns,a lower risk of immune rejection,and a lower risk of teratogenicity.We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives on motor function,memory,and preservation of dopamine rgic neurons in a Parkinson’s disease animal model.We searched bibliographic databases(PubMed/MEDLINE,Embase,CENTRAL,Scopus,and Web of Science)to identify articles and included only pee r-reviewed in vivo interve ntional animal studies published in any language through J une 28,2023.The study utilized the random-effect model to estimate the 95%confidence intervals(CI)of the standard mean differences(SMD)between the treatment and control groups.We use the systematic review center for laboratory animal expe rimentation’s risk of bias tool and the collaborative approach to meta-analysis and review of animal studies checklist for study quality assessment.A total of 33studies with data from 840 Parkinson’s disease model animals were included in the meta-analysis.Treatment with mesenchymal stem cells significantly improved motor function as assessed by the amphetamine-induced rotational test.Among the stem cell types,the bone marrow MSCs with neurotrophic factor group showed la rgest effect size(SMD[95%CI]=-6.21[-9.50 to-2.93],P=0.0001,I^(2)=0.0%).The stem cell treatment group had significantly more tyrosine hydroxylase positive dopamine rgic neurons in the striatum([95%CI]=1.04[0.59 to 1.49],P=0.0001,I^(2)=65.1%)and substantia nigra(SMD[95%CI]=1.38[0.89 to 1.87],P=0.0001,I^(2)=75.3%),indicating a protective effect on dopaminergic neurons.Subgroup analysis of the amphetamine-induced rotation test showed a significant reduction only in the intracranial-striatum route(SMD[95%CI]=-2.59[-3.25 to-1.94],P=0.0001,I^(2)=74.4%).The memory test showed significant improvement only in the intravenous route(SMD[95%CI]=4.80[1.84 to 7.76],P=0.027,I^(2)=79.6%).Mesenchymal stem cells have been shown to positively impact motor function and memory function and protect dopaminergic neurons in preclinical models of Parkinson’s disease.Further research is required to determine the optimal stem cell types,modifications,transplanted cell numbe rs,and delivery methods for these protocols.展开更多
Glaucoma,characterized by a degenerative loss of retinal ganglion cells,is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide.There is currently no cure for vision loss in glaucoma because retinal ganglion cells do not r...Glaucoma,characterized by a degenerative loss of retinal ganglion cells,is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide.There is currently no cure for vision loss in glaucoma because retinal ganglion cells do not regenerate and are not replaced after injury.Human stem cell-derived retinal ganglion cell transplant is a potential therapeutic strategy for retinal ganglion cell degenerative diseases.In this review,we first discuss a 2D protocol for retinal ganglion cell differentiation from human stem cell culture,including a rapid protocol that can generate retinal ganglion cells in less than two weeks and focus on their transplantation outcomes.Next,we discuss using 3D retinal organoids for retinal ganglion cell transplantation,comparing cell suspensions and clusters.This review provides insight into current knowledge on human stem cell-derived retinal ganglion cell differentiation and transplantation,with an impact on the field of regenerative medicine and especially retinal ganglion cell degenerative diseases such as glaucoma and other optic neuropathies.展开更多
Ischemic stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide,with limited treatment options available in clinical practice.The emergence of stem cell therapy has provided new hope to the field of stroke trea...Ischemic stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide,with limited treatment options available in clinical practice.The emergence of stem cell therapy has provided new hope to the field of stroke treatment via the restoration of brain neuron function.Exogenous neural stem cells are beneficial not only in cell replacement but also through the bystander effect.Neural stem cells regulate multiple physiological responses,including nerve repair,endogenous regeneration,immune function,and blood-brain barrier permeability,through the secretion of bioactive substances,including extracellular vesicles/exosomes.However,due to the complex microenvironment of ischemic cerebrovascular events and the low survival rate of neural stem cells following transplantation,limitations in the treatment effect remain unresolved.In this paper,we provide a detailed summary of the potential mechanisms of neural stem cell therapy for the treatment of ischemic stroke,review current neural stem cell therapeutic strategies and clinical trial results,and summarize the latest advancements in neural stem cell engineering to improve the survival rate of neural stem cells.We hope that this review could help provide insight into the therapeutic potential of neural stem cells and guide future scientific endeavors on neural stem cells.展开更多
Adult neural stem cells are neurogenesis progenitor cells that play an important role in neurogenesis.Therefore,neural regeneration may be a promising target for treatment of many neurological illnesses.The regenerati...Adult neural stem cells are neurogenesis progenitor cells that play an important role in neurogenesis.Therefore,neural regeneration may be a promising target for treatment of many neurological illnesses.The regenerative capacity of adult neural stem cells can be chara cterized by two states:quiescent and active.Quiescent adult neural stem cells are more stable and guarantee the quantity and quality of the adult neural stem cell pool.Active adult neural stem cells are chara cterized by rapid proliferation and differentiation into neurons which allow for integration into neural circuits.This review focuses on diffe rences between quiescent and active adult neural stem cells in nutrition metabolism and protein homeostasis.Furthermore,we discuss the physiological significance and underlying advantages of these diffe rences.Due to the limited number of adult neural stem cells studies,we refe rred to studies of embryonic adult neural stem cells or non-mammalian adult neural stem cells to evaluate specific mechanisms.展开更多
BACKGROUND Clear cell sarcoma(CCS)is a rare soft-tissue sarcoma.The most common metastatic sites for CCS are the lungs,bones and brain.CCS is highly invasive and mainly metastasizes to the lung,followed by the bone an...BACKGROUND Clear cell sarcoma(CCS)is a rare soft-tissue sarcoma.The most common metastatic sites for CCS are the lungs,bones and brain.CCS is highly invasive and mainly metastasizes to the lung,followed by the bone and brain;however,pancreatic metastasis is relatively rare.CASE SUMMARY We report on a rare case of CCS with pancreatic metastasis in a 47-year-old man.The patient had a relevant medical history 3 years ago,with abdominal pain as the main clinical manifestation.No abnormalities were observed on physical examination and the tumor was found on abdominal computed tomography.Based on the medical history and postoperative pathology,the patient was diagnosed with CCS with pancreatic metastasis.The patient was successfully treated with surgical interventions,including distal pancreatectomy and sple-nectomy.CONCLUSION This report summarizes the available treatment modalities for CCS and the importance of regular postoperative follow-up for patients with CCS.展开更多
Pulmonary diseases across all ages threaten millions of people and have emerged as one of the major public health issues worldwide.For diverse disease con-ditions,the currently available approaches are focused on alle...Pulmonary diseases across all ages threaten millions of people and have emerged as one of the major public health issues worldwide.For diverse disease con-ditions,the currently available approaches are focused on alleviating clinical symptoms and delaying disease progression but have not shown significant therapeutic effects in patients with lung diseases.Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells(UC-MSCs)isolated from the human UC have the capacity for self-renewal and multilineage differentiation.Moreover,in recent years,these cells have been demonstrated to have unique advantages in the treatment of lung diseases.We searched the Public Clinical Trial Database and found 55 clinical trials involving UC-MSC therapy for pulmonary diseases,including coronavirus disease 2019,acute respiratory distress syndrome,bron-chopulmonary dysplasia,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,and pulmonary fibrosis.In this review,we summarize the characteristics of these registered clinical trials and relevant published results and explore in depth the challenges and opportunitiesfaced in clinical application.Moreover,the underlying mole-cular mechanisms involved in UC-MSC-based therapy for pulmonary diseases are also analyzed in depth.In brief,this comprehensive review and detailed analysis of these clinical trials can be expected to provide a scientific reference for future large-scale clinical application.展开更多
Active ingredients from highland barley have received considerable attention as natural products for developing treatments and dietary supplements against obesity.In practical application,the research of food combinat...Active ingredients from highland barley have received considerable attention as natural products for developing treatments and dietary supplements against obesity.In practical application,the research of food combinations is more significant than a specific food component.This study investigated the lipid-lowering effect of highland barley polyphenols via lipase assay in vitro and HepG2 cells induced by oleic acid(OA).Five indexes,triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(T-CHO),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and alanine aminotransferase(ALT),were used to evaluate the lipidlowering effect of highland barley extract.We also preliminary studied the lipid-lowering mechanism by Realtime fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction(q PCR).The results indicated that highland barley extract contains many components with lipid-lowering effects,such as hyperoside and scoparone.In vitro,the lipase assay showed an 18.4%lipase inhibition rate when the additive contents of highland barley extract were 100μg/m L.The intracellular lipid-lowering effect of highland barley extract was examined using 0.25 mmol/L OA-induced HepG2 cells.The results showed that intracellular TG,LDL-C,and T-CHO content decreased by 34.4%,51.2%,and 18.4%,respectively.ALT and AST decreased by 51.6%and 20.7%compared with the untreated hyperlipidemic HepG2 cells.q PCR results showed that highland barley polyphenols could up-regulation the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes such as PPARγand Fabp4.展开更多
Oestrogen is essential for maintaining bone mass, and it has been demonstrated to induce osteoblast proliferation and bone formation.In this study, complementary DNA(cDNA) microarrays were used to identify and study...Oestrogen is essential for maintaining bone mass, and it has been demonstrated to induce osteoblast proliferation and bone formation.In this study, complementary DNA(cDNA) microarrays were used to identify and study the expression of novel genes that may be involved in MC3T3-E1 cells’ response to 17-b estradiol. MC3T3-E1 cells were inoculated in minimum essential media alpha(a-MEM)cell culture supplemented with 17-b estradiol at different concentrations and for different time periods. MC3T3-E1 cells treated with1028mol?L2117-b estradiol for 5 days exhibited the highest proliferation and alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity; thus, this group was chosen for microarray analysis. The harvested RNA was used for microarray hybridisation and subsequent real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) to validate the expression levels for selected genes. The microarray results were analysed using both functional and pathway analysis. In this study, microarray analysis detected 5 403 differentially expressed genes,of which 1 996 genes were upregulated and 3 407 genes were downregulated, 1 553 different functional classifications were identified by gene ontology(GO) analysis and 53 different pathways were involved based on pathway analysis. Among the differentially expressed genes, a portion not previously reported to be associated with the osteoblast response to oestrogen was identified. These findings clearly demonstrate that the expression of genes related to osteoblast proliferation, cell differentiation, collagens and transforming growth factor beta(TGF-b)-related cytokines increases, while the expression of genes related to apoptosis and osteoclast differentiation decreases, following the exposure of MC3T3-E1 cells to a-MEM supplemented with 17-b estradiol. Microarray analysis with functional gene classification is critical for a complete understanding of complementary intracellular processes. This microarray analysis provides large-scale gene expression data that require further confirmatory studies.展开更多
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus.Elucidating the pathophysiological metabolic mechanism impels the generation of ideal therapies.However,existing limited treatments for diab...Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus.Elucidating the pathophysiological metabolic mechanism impels the generation of ideal therapies.However,existing limited treatments for diabetic peripheral neuropathy expose the urgent need for cell metabolism research.Given the lack of comprehensive understanding of energy metabolism changes and related signaling pathways in diabetic peripheral neuropathy,it is essential to explore energy changes and metabolic changes in diabetic peripheral neuropathy to develop suitable treatment methods.This review summarizes the pathophysiological mechanism of diabetic peripheral neuropathy from the perspective of cellular metabolism and the specific interventions for different metabolic pathways to develop effective treatment methods.Various metabolic mechanisms(e.g.,polyol,hexosamine,protein kinase C pathway)are associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy,and researchers are looking for more effective treatments through these pathways.展开更多
基金supported by the grant of Key Program Foundation of Beijing TCMs Administration(2004-IV15),China
文摘Objective: To investigate the effects of anastrozole combined with Shuganjiangu decoction on osteoblast-like cells. Methods: Human osteoblast-like cells MG-63 were cultured and divided into four groups control, anastrozole, Shuganjiangu decoction (SGJGD), and anastrozole combined with SGJGD. Cell proliferation was investigated by M-IF assay. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin, the indicators of cell differentiation, were evaluated by p-nitrophenyl- phosphate method and radioimmunoassay, respectively. Gene expressions of ALP, osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) were examined by real-time PCR. Results: As evidenced by MTT assay, cell proliferation of MG-63 was inhibited by anastrozole, but stimulated with treatment of SGJGD alone and combined with anastrozole (P〈O.01). Compared with control group, ALP activity was increased by the treatment of SGJGD alone and combined with anastrozole (P〈0.01). Also, osteocalcin secretion was enhanced with the treatment of SGJGD single and combination with anastrozole (P〈O.05). In the real-time PCR assay, gene expressions of ALP and osteocalcin were significantly increased (P〈0.01 for ALP, P〈0.05 for osteocalcin) by the treatment of SGJGD and anastrozole combined with SGJGD, but the expression of RANKL was decreased (P〈O.05). Moreover, anastrozole combined with SGJGD upregulated gene expression of OPG (P〈O.01). Conclusion: SGJGD may alleviate the injury effects of anastrozole on MG-63 cells through adjusting bone formation and resorption indicators.
文摘Recent studies showed that activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway promoted the differentiation of osteoblast-like cells in the arterial calcification, but its mechanism remains unknown. In this study, the hypothesis that Wnt/β-catenin pathway promotes the differentiation of osteoblast-like cells by upregulating the expression of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) was examined. LiCl was used to activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The differentiation of osteoblast-like cells was observed by Von Kossa staining, calcium content assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, and detection of osteocalcin expression. Real-time PCR was performed to detect the expression of RANKL and osteoprotegerin (OPG, the decoy receptor of RANKL) during the osteoblast-like cell differentiation. Different concentrations of OPG were added to the culture media respectively to inhibit the function of RANKL, and the change in the differentiation of osteoblast-like cells was evaluated. The results showed that when the Wnt/β-catenin pathway was activated by LiCl, the expression of RANKL was significantly in-creased, which coincided with the differentiation of osteoblast-like cells (P<0.05), and the OPG treatment could partly attenuate the promoting effect of Wnt/β-catenin pathway on the differentiation of osteoblast-like cells (P<0.05), but it failed to completely abolish such effect. It was concluded that activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway promotes the differentiation of osteoblast-like cells by both RANKL-dependent and RANKL-independent mechanisms.
文摘Three types of osteoblast-like cells with different cnfigurations could be ob-tained through culturing fetal chicken calvaria in vitro. They were spindle-shaped cells,globular cells, and polygonal or squamous cells. With passage of culture time, there werechanges in configuration so that the spindle-shaped cells and the globular cells turnedgradually into squamous cells, in quantity which increased greatly to produce confluenceand multi-layer formation of cells, and in function as evidenced by emergence ofintracytoplasmic granules, reflecting collagen synthesis.
文摘Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were allowed to develop for 14 days in a platelet-rich fibrin environment.Results demonstrated that platelet-rich fibrin significantly promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation.In addition,there was a dose-dependent increase in Runt-related transcription factor-2 and bone morphogenetic protein-2 mRNA expression,as well as neuron-specific enolase and glial acidic protein.Results showed that platelet-rich fibrin promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast-like cells and neural cells in a dose-dependent manner.
文摘The isolated osteoblast-like cells from embryonic chicken frontal bone werecultured in vitro and histochemical methods adopted to observe the effect of RadixSalviac Miltiorrhizae (RSM) on proliferation, differentiation, and osteogenic capacity ofthese cells. It was found that: 1. The mitosis and proliferation of the osteoblast-like cellscould be accelerated by RSM, resulting in increased density of the cells in RSM groupas compared with the control. 2. After 48 h, the pseudopodia stretched out and drew backactively in osteoblast-like cells in RSM group. Small particles produced in the cells weresecreted through exocytosis to the extracellular medium. However, in the control group,the capacity to form and secrete these particles was limited. These particles showed posi-tive Alcian blue staining in Alcian blue-Sirius red reaction, so they were acidmucopolysaccharide particles. 3. The osteoblast-like cells could secrete vesicular particles 3micra in diameter. These vesicular particles could be stained with Alcian blue in earlystage, then they could be stained with Sirius red, and finally by Alizarin red S. Thesevesicular particles could aggregate and fuse around the cell colonies, forming bonenodules and bone flakes. The quantity and volume of the bone nodules and flakes inRSM group were larger than in the control group. 4. The bone nodules and flakes couldbe labeled vitally with tetracycline, and show strong yellow fluorescence under thefluorescence microscope. Therefore, these substances were the newly formed bone sub-stances.
文摘Successful regeneration of tissues and organs relies on the application of suitable substrates or scaffolds in scaffold-based regenerative medicine. In this study, Ti-6Al-4V alloy films (Ti alloy film) were produced using a three-dimensional printing technique called Selective Laser Melting (SLM), which is one of the metal additive manufacturing techniques. The thickness of produced Ti alloy film was approximately 250 μm. The laser-irradiated surface of Ti alloy film had a relatively smooth yet porous surface. The non-irradiated surface was also porous but also retained a lot of partially melted Ti-6Al-4V powder. Cell proliferation ability of mouse fibroblast-like cells (L929 cells) and mouse osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1 cells) on both the surfaces of Ti alloy film was examined using WST assay. Both L929 and MC3T3-E1 cells underwent cell proliferation during the culture period. These results indicate that selective laser melting is suitable for producing a cell-compatible Ti-6Al-4V alloy film for biomaterials applications.
文摘WTFZ] The study of the bioeffects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) is an important national task in biological physics. Using EMFs to treat bone diseases involves electrical technology, biology, and medicine. But the effects of EMFs are still controversial and the mechanisms are not yet clear. Therefore, more effect is needed to detect the effects at the cellular and molecular levels. This paper investigates the effects of low-energy, low-frequency pulsed capacitively coupled electric fields (PCCEFs) on DNA synthesis in UMR-106 osteoblast-like cells. The equipment can generate 25250Hz frequency, 0300V amplitude and 0.2ms pulse width signal. DNA synthesis is judged by the uptake of 3 H-thymidine ( 3 H-TdR). The results showed that the response of UMR-106 cells to electric field exposure are characterized by: (a) a frequency window for increased DNA synthesis, with a peak near 125Hz; (b) decreased synthesis with increasing electric intensity with repression at 100V/cm and 25Hz.[
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.51202194 and 51221001the Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(‘‘111’’project of China)under Grant No.B08040
文摘Carbon/carbon (C/C) composites were deposited with graphite-like carbon (GLC) coating, and then, Arg-Gly- Asp acid (RGD) peptides were successfully immobilized onto the functionalized GLC coating. GLC coating was utilized to prevent carbon particles releasing and create a uniform surface condition for C/C composites. RGD peptides were utilized to improve biocompatibility of GLC coating. Surface chemical characterizations of functionalized GLC coating were detected by contact angle measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectra. Optical morphology of GLC coatings was observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. In vitro biological performance was determined using samples seeded with MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells and cultured for 1 week. Surface characterizations and morphological analysis indicated that C/C composites were covered by a dense and uniform GLC coating. Contact angle of GLC coating was reduced to 27.2° when it was functionalized by H202 oxidation at 40 ℃ for 1 h. In vitro cytological test showed that the RGD peptides immobilized GLC coating had a significant improvement in biocompatibility. It was suggested that RGD peptides provided GLC coating with a bioactive surface to improve cell adhesion and proliferation on C/C composites.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.31960120Yunnan Science and Technology Talent and Platform Plan,No.202105AC160041(both to ZW).
文摘Parkinson’s disease is typically characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta.Many studies have been performed based on the supplementation of lost dopaminergic neurons to treat Parkinson’s disease.The initial strategy for cell replacement therapy used human fetal ventral midbrain and human embryonic stem cells to treat Parkinson’s disease,which could substantially alleviate the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease in clinical practice.However,ethical issues and tumor formation were limitations of its clinical application.Induced pluripotent stem cells can be acquired without sacrificing human embryos,which eliminates the huge ethical barriers of human stem cell therapy.Another widely considered neuronal regeneration strategy is to directly reprogram fibroblasts and astrocytes into neurons,without the need for intermediate proliferation states,thus avoiding issues of immune rejection and tumor formation.Both induced pluripotent stem cells and direct reprogramming of lineage cells have shown promising results in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.However,there are also ethical concerns and the risk of tumor formation that need to be addressed.This review highlights the current application status of cell reprogramming in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease,focusing on the use of induced pluripotent stem cells in cell replacement therapy,including preclinical animal models and progress in clinical research.The review also discusses the advancements in direct reprogramming of lineage cells in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease,as well as the controversy surrounding in vivo reprogramming.These findings suggest that cell reprogramming may hold great promise as a potential strategy for treating Parkinson’s disease.
文摘Parkinson’s disease is chara cterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars com pacta,and although restoring striatal dopamine levels may improve symptoms,no treatment can cure or reve rse the disease itself.Stem cell therapy has a regenerative effect and is being actively studied as a candidate for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.Mesenchymal stem cells are considered a promising option due to fewer ethical concerns,a lower risk of immune rejection,and a lower risk of teratogenicity.We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives on motor function,memory,and preservation of dopamine rgic neurons in a Parkinson’s disease animal model.We searched bibliographic databases(PubMed/MEDLINE,Embase,CENTRAL,Scopus,and Web of Science)to identify articles and included only pee r-reviewed in vivo interve ntional animal studies published in any language through J une 28,2023.The study utilized the random-effect model to estimate the 95%confidence intervals(CI)of the standard mean differences(SMD)between the treatment and control groups.We use the systematic review center for laboratory animal expe rimentation’s risk of bias tool and the collaborative approach to meta-analysis and review of animal studies checklist for study quality assessment.A total of 33studies with data from 840 Parkinson’s disease model animals were included in the meta-analysis.Treatment with mesenchymal stem cells significantly improved motor function as assessed by the amphetamine-induced rotational test.Among the stem cell types,the bone marrow MSCs with neurotrophic factor group showed la rgest effect size(SMD[95%CI]=-6.21[-9.50 to-2.93],P=0.0001,I^(2)=0.0%).The stem cell treatment group had significantly more tyrosine hydroxylase positive dopamine rgic neurons in the striatum([95%CI]=1.04[0.59 to 1.49],P=0.0001,I^(2)=65.1%)and substantia nigra(SMD[95%CI]=1.38[0.89 to 1.87],P=0.0001,I^(2)=75.3%),indicating a protective effect on dopaminergic neurons.Subgroup analysis of the amphetamine-induced rotation test showed a significant reduction only in the intracranial-striatum route(SMD[95%CI]=-2.59[-3.25 to-1.94],P=0.0001,I^(2)=74.4%).The memory test showed significant improvement only in the intravenous route(SMD[95%CI]=4.80[1.84 to 7.76],P=0.027,I^(2)=79.6%).Mesenchymal stem cells have been shown to positively impact motor function and memory function and protect dopaminergic neurons in preclinical models of Parkinson’s disease.Further research is required to determine the optimal stem cell types,modifications,transplanted cell numbe rs,and delivery methods for these protocols.
基金supported by NIH Core Grants P30-EY008098the Eye and Ear Foundation of Pittsburghunrestricted grants from Research to Prevent Blindness,New York,NY,USA(to KCC)。
文摘Glaucoma,characterized by a degenerative loss of retinal ganglion cells,is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide.There is currently no cure for vision loss in glaucoma because retinal ganglion cells do not regenerate and are not replaced after injury.Human stem cell-derived retinal ganglion cell transplant is a potential therapeutic strategy for retinal ganglion cell degenerative diseases.In this review,we first discuss a 2D protocol for retinal ganglion cell differentiation from human stem cell culture,including a rapid protocol that can generate retinal ganglion cells in less than two weeks and focus on their transplantation outcomes.Next,we discuss using 3D retinal organoids for retinal ganglion cell transplantation,comparing cell suspensions and clusters.This review provides insight into current knowledge on human stem cell-derived retinal ganglion cell differentiation and transplantation,with an impact on the field of regenerative medicine and especially retinal ganglion cell degenerative diseases such as glaucoma and other optic neuropathies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81971105(to ZNG)the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province,No.YDZJ202201ZYTS677(to ZNG)+3 种基金Talent Reserve Program of the First Hospital of Jilin University,No.JDYYCB-2023002(to ZNG)the Norman Bethune Health Science Center of Jilin University,No.2022JBGS03(to YY)Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province,Nos.YDZJ202302CXJD061,20220303002SF(to YY)Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory,No.YDZJ202302CXJD017(to YY).
文摘Ischemic stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide,with limited treatment options available in clinical practice.The emergence of stem cell therapy has provided new hope to the field of stroke treatment via the restoration of brain neuron function.Exogenous neural stem cells are beneficial not only in cell replacement but also through the bystander effect.Neural stem cells regulate multiple physiological responses,including nerve repair,endogenous regeneration,immune function,and blood-brain barrier permeability,through the secretion of bioactive substances,including extracellular vesicles/exosomes.However,due to the complex microenvironment of ischemic cerebrovascular events and the low survival rate of neural stem cells following transplantation,limitations in the treatment effect remain unresolved.In this paper,we provide a detailed summary of the potential mechanisms of neural stem cell therapy for the treatment of ischemic stroke,review current neural stem cell therapeutic strategies and clinical trial results,and summarize the latest advancements in neural stem cell engineering to improve the survival rate of neural stem cells.We hope that this review could help provide insight into the therapeutic potential of neural stem cells and guide future scientific endeavors on neural stem cells.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82171336(to XX)。
文摘Adult neural stem cells are neurogenesis progenitor cells that play an important role in neurogenesis.Therefore,neural regeneration may be a promising target for treatment of many neurological illnesses.The regenerative capacity of adult neural stem cells can be chara cterized by two states:quiescent and active.Quiescent adult neural stem cells are more stable and guarantee the quantity and quality of the adult neural stem cell pool.Active adult neural stem cells are chara cterized by rapid proliferation and differentiation into neurons which allow for integration into neural circuits.This review focuses on diffe rences between quiescent and active adult neural stem cells in nutrition metabolism and protein homeostasis.Furthermore,we discuss the physiological significance and underlying advantages of these diffe rences.Due to the limited number of adult neural stem cells studies,we refe rred to studies of embryonic adult neural stem cells or non-mammalian adult neural stem cells to evaluate specific mechanisms.
文摘BACKGROUND Clear cell sarcoma(CCS)is a rare soft-tissue sarcoma.The most common metastatic sites for CCS are the lungs,bones and brain.CCS is highly invasive and mainly metastasizes to the lung,followed by the bone and brain;however,pancreatic metastasis is relatively rare.CASE SUMMARY We report on a rare case of CCS with pancreatic metastasis in a 47-year-old man.The patient had a relevant medical history 3 years ago,with abdominal pain as the main clinical manifestation.No abnormalities were observed on physical examination and the tumor was found on abdominal computed tomography.Based on the medical history and postoperative pathology,the patient was diagnosed with CCS with pancreatic metastasis.The patient was successfully treated with surgical interventions,including distal pancreatectomy and sple-nectomy.CONCLUSION This report summarizes the available treatment modalities for CCS and the importance of regular postoperative follow-up for patients with CCS.
文摘Pulmonary diseases across all ages threaten millions of people and have emerged as one of the major public health issues worldwide.For diverse disease con-ditions,the currently available approaches are focused on alleviating clinical symptoms and delaying disease progression but have not shown significant therapeutic effects in patients with lung diseases.Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells(UC-MSCs)isolated from the human UC have the capacity for self-renewal and multilineage differentiation.Moreover,in recent years,these cells have been demonstrated to have unique advantages in the treatment of lung diseases.We searched the Public Clinical Trial Database and found 55 clinical trials involving UC-MSC therapy for pulmonary diseases,including coronavirus disease 2019,acute respiratory distress syndrome,bron-chopulmonary dysplasia,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,and pulmonary fibrosis.In this review,we summarize the characteristics of these registered clinical trials and relevant published results and explore in depth the challenges and opportunitiesfaced in clinical application.Moreover,the underlying mole-cular mechanisms involved in UC-MSC-based therapy for pulmonary diseases are also analyzed in depth.In brief,this comprehensive review and detailed analysis of these clinical trials can be expected to provide a scientific reference for future large-scale clinical application.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD2100904)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871729,32172147)+2 种基金the Modern Agriculture key Project of Jiangsu Province of China(BE2022317)the Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System Construction Project of Jiangsu Province of China(JATS[2021]522)a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)。
文摘Active ingredients from highland barley have received considerable attention as natural products for developing treatments and dietary supplements against obesity.In practical application,the research of food combinations is more significant than a specific food component.This study investigated the lipid-lowering effect of highland barley polyphenols via lipase assay in vitro and HepG2 cells induced by oleic acid(OA).Five indexes,triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(T-CHO),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and alanine aminotransferase(ALT),were used to evaluate the lipidlowering effect of highland barley extract.We also preliminary studied the lipid-lowering mechanism by Realtime fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction(q PCR).The results indicated that highland barley extract contains many components with lipid-lowering effects,such as hyperoside and scoparone.In vitro,the lipase assay showed an 18.4%lipase inhibition rate when the additive contents of highland barley extract were 100μg/m L.The intracellular lipid-lowering effect of highland barley extract was examined using 0.25 mmol/L OA-induced HepG2 cells.The results showed that intracellular TG,LDL-C,and T-CHO content decreased by 34.4%,51.2%,and 18.4%,respectively.ALT and AST decreased by 51.6%and 20.7%compared with the untreated hyperlipidemic HepG2 cells.q PCR results showed that highland barley polyphenols could up-regulation the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes such as PPARγand Fabp4.
基金supported by grants from the Natural Science Fund (ZR2010HM035) of Shandong Provincethe Shandong Provincial Health Development Project Fund (2011WSB19002) in China
文摘Oestrogen is essential for maintaining bone mass, and it has been demonstrated to induce osteoblast proliferation and bone formation.In this study, complementary DNA(cDNA) microarrays were used to identify and study the expression of novel genes that may be involved in MC3T3-E1 cells’ response to 17-b estradiol. MC3T3-E1 cells were inoculated in minimum essential media alpha(a-MEM)cell culture supplemented with 17-b estradiol at different concentrations and for different time periods. MC3T3-E1 cells treated with1028mol?L2117-b estradiol for 5 days exhibited the highest proliferation and alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity; thus, this group was chosen for microarray analysis. The harvested RNA was used for microarray hybridisation and subsequent real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) to validate the expression levels for selected genes. The microarray results were analysed using both functional and pathway analysis. In this study, microarray analysis detected 5 403 differentially expressed genes,of which 1 996 genes were upregulated and 3 407 genes were downregulated, 1 553 different functional classifications were identified by gene ontology(GO) analysis and 53 different pathways were involved based on pathway analysis. Among the differentially expressed genes, a portion not previously reported to be associated with the osteoblast response to oestrogen was identified. These findings clearly demonstrate that the expression of genes related to osteoblast proliferation, cell differentiation, collagens and transforming growth factor beta(TGF-b)-related cytokines increases, while the expression of genes related to apoptosis and osteoclast differentiation decreases, following the exposure of MC3T3-E1 cells to a-MEM supplemented with 17-b estradiol. Microarray analysis with functional gene classification is critical for a complete understanding of complementary intracellular processes. This microarray analysis provides large-scale gene expression data that require further confirmatory studies.
基金supported by the Projects of the National Key R&D Program of China,Nos.2021YFC2400803(to YO),2021YFC2400801(to YQ)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82002290(to YQ),82072452(to YO),82272475(to YO)+5 种基金the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by Cast,No.YESS20200153(to YQ)the Sino-German Mobility Programme,No.M-0699(to YQ)the Excellent Youth Cultivation Program of Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital,No.ynyq202201(to YQ)the Shanghai Sailing Program,No.20YF1436000(to YQ)the Medical Engineering Co-Project of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,10-22-310-520(to YO)a grant from Shanghai Municipal Health Commission,No.202040399(to YO).
文摘Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus.Elucidating the pathophysiological metabolic mechanism impels the generation of ideal therapies.However,existing limited treatments for diabetic peripheral neuropathy expose the urgent need for cell metabolism research.Given the lack of comprehensive understanding of energy metabolism changes and related signaling pathways in diabetic peripheral neuropathy,it is essential to explore energy changes and metabolic changes in diabetic peripheral neuropathy to develop suitable treatment methods.This review summarizes the pathophysiological mechanism of diabetic peripheral neuropathy from the perspective of cellular metabolism and the specific interventions for different metabolic pathways to develop effective treatment methods.Various metabolic mechanisms(e.g.,polyol,hexosamine,protein kinase C pathway)are associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy,and researchers are looking for more effective treatments through these pathways.