Intrinsic osteoinductivity—the ability to induce bone formation in ectopic sites without addition of osteogenic factors has been reported in various porous materials. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positi...Intrinsic osteoinductivity—the ability to induce bone formation in ectopic sites without addition of osteogenic factors has been reported in various porous materials. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclast-like cells are thought to play an important role in material-induced osteoinduction. To investigate the influence of osteoclastic activity on intrinsic osteoinduction, we loaded alendronate (10–2 , 10–4 , and 10–6 M) onto porous β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) blocks to inhibit osteoclastic activity, and evaluated osteoinductivity by implantation of the blocks into the dorsal muscles of adult beagle dogs. Alendronate-loaded porous β-TCP blocks increased both speed and amount of osteoinduction, as measured 4 weeks after implantation, with the 10–4 M alendronate-loaded β-TCP being especially active. This finding indicates that β-TCP loaded with 10–4 M alendronate might prove crucial in providing the desirable balance between the degradation rate of bone scaffolds and their osteoinductive replacement. Thus, material-induced osteoinduction may be controlled by local application of alendronate, establishing alendronate loading as a promising therapeutic approach.展开更多
背景:研究表明,紫草素具有促进骨缺损修复、治疗骨质疏松的作用。目的:总结紫草素及其衍生物在口腔软硬组织再生中的应用潜力方法:检索PubMed、Web of Science、万方、中国知网、维普数据库2002-2023年收录的相关文献,中文检索词为“紫...背景:研究表明,紫草素具有促进骨缺损修复、治疗骨质疏松的作用。目的:总结紫草素及其衍生物在口腔软硬组织再生中的应用潜力方法:检索PubMed、Web of Science、万方、中国知网、维普数据库2002-2023年收录的相关文献,中文检索词为“紫草素,口腔,牙周炎,抗菌,成骨分化,破骨细胞,骨质疏松,毒理学”,英文检索词为“shikonin,oral cavity,periodontitis,antibacterial,bone formation,Osteoclast,osteoporosis,toxicology”。结果与结论:紫草素及其衍生物具有抗炎、抑制牙龈卟啉单胞菌等牙周致病菌、促进牙周创面愈合以及牙槽骨组织再生的生物活性。紫草制剂可以治疗口腔阿弗他溃疡、口腔念珠菌病等口腔黏膜疾病。这些证据表明紫草素及其衍生物在治疗牙周病、防治口腔疾病和促进牙周软硬组织再生方面表现出良好的前景。如何将紫草素与组织工程相结合,从而实现更快的口腔软硬组织愈合还有待研究。展开更多
One of the simplest models for examining the interplay between bone formation and resorption is the junction between the cranial bones.Although only roughly a quarter of patients diagnosed with craniosynostosis have b...One of the simplest models for examining the interplay between bone formation and resorption is the junction between the cranial bones.Although only roughly a quarter of patients diagnosed with craniosynostosis have been linked to known genetic disturbances,the molecular mechanisms elucidated from these studies have provided basic knowledge of bone homeostasis.This work has translated to methods and advances in bone tissue engineering.In this review,we examine the current knowledge of cranial suture biology derived from human craniosynostosis syndromes and discuss its application to regenerative medicine.展开更多
目的探讨硫化铜(CuS)/氧化石墨烯(GO)/壳聚糖(CS)/纳米羟基磷灰石(nHA)复合材料(CGCHs)的抗菌和促成骨作用及其作用机制。方法采用水热法合成CuS/GO纳米颗粒,通过原位沉淀法合成CS/nHA支架和CGCHs支架,检测材料表征、光热转换性能和生...目的探讨硫化铜(CuS)/氧化石墨烯(GO)/壳聚糖(CS)/纳米羟基磷灰石(nHA)复合材料(CGCHs)的抗菌和促成骨作用及其作用机制。方法采用水热法合成CuS/GO纳米颗粒,通过原位沉淀法合成CS/nHA支架和CGCHs支架,检测材料表征、光热转换性能和生物安全性,评估CGCHs组和近红外光(NIR)照射下CGCHs(CGCHs+NIR)组的细菌抑制效果及其对细菌生物膜相关基因表达的影响,观察CGCHs和CS/nHA不同材料组的促成骨分化和成骨、破骨相关基因表达。结果CGCHs是具有高度孔隙率的三维支架,在CuS/GO浓度为200μg/mL时CGCHs同时兼具良好的红外升温效果和生物安全性。琼脂糖平板涂菌和细菌死活染色结果均表明CGCHs+NIR组抗菌性能最佳,生物膜相关基因qPCR检测证实其具有抑制细菌生物膜相关基因表达的作用。茜素红染色结果表明CGCHs具有良好的体外促成骨性能,体外共培养3、7、14、21和28 d qPCR结果表明CGCHs对成骨早期和晚期相关基因表达均具有促进作用。与破骨细胞共培养结果可观察到CGCHs具有抑制破骨细胞形成的作用,细胞凋亡检测结果进一步验证这一结论,破骨分化相关基因qPCR检测结果表明,CGCHs主要通过抑制抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶、组织蛋白酶K、CTR、P65和P38在共培养7、14 d的表达来抑制破骨细胞的分化。结论作为纳米复合材料,CGCHs生物安全性好,具有良好的红外光热协同抗菌作用,在促成骨分化的同时抑制破骨细胞分化,有望为感染性骨缺损治疗提供新的思路。展开更多
目的探讨信号转导与转录激活因子3(signal transducer and activator of transcription 3,STAT3)在牙移动中的作用,为改善正畸牙槽骨塑建与重建提供证据。方法体内实验选取8周龄雄性大鼠建立正畸牙移动模型,分为对照组(牙移动)、实验组...目的探讨信号转导与转录激活因子3(signal transducer and activator of transcription 3,STAT3)在牙移动中的作用,为改善正畸牙槽骨塑建与重建提供证据。方法体内实验选取8周龄雄性大鼠建立正畸牙移动模型,分为对照组(牙移动)、实验组(牙移动加STAT3抑制剂stattic局部注射),于牙移动的第7天、第14天收集实验区域牙槽骨标本进行micro-CT扫描,评估骨体积分数(bone volume/tissue volume,BV/TV)、骨小梁数目(trabecular number,Tb.N)、骨小梁厚度(trabecular thickness,Tb.Th)、骨小梁分离度(trabecular separation,Tb.Sp)、骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD),测量牙移动量。体外实验选取小鼠成骨前体细胞MC3T3-e1和小鼠单核巨噬细胞白血病细胞RAW264.7于Transwell^■培养板共培养3d,分为对照组(空白)和实验组(加入STAT3抑制剂stattic);以碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)染色检测成骨分化;抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase,TRAP)染色检测破骨分化;qRT-PCR检测成骨细胞核因子κB受体活化因子配体(receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand,RANKL)、骨保护素(osteoprotegerin,OPG)mRNA表达。结果实验组牙槽骨骨体积分数(BV/TV)、骨小梁数目(Tb.N)、骨小梁厚度(Tb.Th)、骨密度(BMD)在第14天时较对照组明显降低,Tb.Sp在第14天时明显增高;以上指标第7天时的2组间差异无统计学意义。与对照组相比,实验组牙移动量在第7天时明显减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);第14天时2组牙移动量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。体外实验ALP染色和TRAP染色显示,抑制剂同时抑制成骨和破骨分化;qRT-PCR结果显示,抑制剂抑制成骨前体细胞RANKL、OPG mRNA表达,升高RANKL/OPG mRNA比值。结论抑制STAT3的激活可导致成骨、破骨活动同时被抑制,使正畸牙移动速率减慢、牙槽骨骨质疏松。STAT3可能在调控正畸牙槽骨塑建与重建中发挥重要作用。展开更多
文摘Intrinsic osteoinductivity—the ability to induce bone formation in ectopic sites without addition of osteogenic factors has been reported in various porous materials. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclast-like cells are thought to play an important role in material-induced osteoinduction. To investigate the influence of osteoclastic activity on intrinsic osteoinduction, we loaded alendronate (10–2 , 10–4 , and 10–6 M) onto porous β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) blocks to inhibit osteoclastic activity, and evaluated osteoinductivity by implantation of the blocks into the dorsal muscles of adult beagle dogs. Alendronate-loaded porous β-TCP blocks increased both speed and amount of osteoinduction, as measured 4 weeks after implantation, with the 10–4 M alendronate-loaded β-TCP being especially active. This finding indicates that β-TCP loaded with 10–4 M alendronate might prove crucial in providing the desirable balance between the degradation rate of bone scaffolds and their osteoinductive replacement. Thus, material-induced osteoinduction may be controlled by local application of alendronate, establishing alendronate loading as a promising therapeutic approach.
文摘背景:研究表明,紫草素具有促进骨缺损修复、治疗骨质疏松的作用。目的:总结紫草素及其衍生物在口腔软硬组织再生中的应用潜力方法:检索PubMed、Web of Science、万方、中国知网、维普数据库2002-2023年收录的相关文献,中文检索词为“紫草素,口腔,牙周炎,抗菌,成骨分化,破骨细胞,骨质疏松,毒理学”,英文检索词为“shikonin,oral cavity,periodontitis,antibacterial,bone formation,Osteoclast,osteoporosis,toxicology”。结果与结论:紫草素及其衍生物具有抗炎、抑制牙龈卟啉单胞菌等牙周致病菌、促进牙周创面愈合以及牙槽骨组织再生的生物活性。紫草制剂可以治疗口腔阿弗他溃疡、口腔念珠菌病等口腔黏膜疾病。这些证据表明紫草素及其衍生物在治疗牙周病、防治口腔疾病和促进牙周软硬组织再生方面表现出良好的前景。如何将紫草素与组织工程相结合,从而实现更快的口腔软硬组织愈合还有待研究。
基金supported by the Jean Perkins Foundation(JCL)and the Plastic Surgery Foundation(JCL)(234813).
文摘One of the simplest models for examining the interplay between bone formation and resorption is the junction between the cranial bones.Although only roughly a quarter of patients diagnosed with craniosynostosis have been linked to known genetic disturbances,the molecular mechanisms elucidated from these studies have provided basic knowledge of bone homeostasis.This work has translated to methods and advances in bone tissue engineering.In this review,we examine the current knowledge of cranial suture biology derived from human craniosynostosis syndromes and discuss its application to regenerative medicine.
文摘目的探讨硫化铜(CuS)/氧化石墨烯(GO)/壳聚糖(CS)/纳米羟基磷灰石(nHA)复合材料(CGCHs)的抗菌和促成骨作用及其作用机制。方法采用水热法合成CuS/GO纳米颗粒,通过原位沉淀法合成CS/nHA支架和CGCHs支架,检测材料表征、光热转换性能和生物安全性,评估CGCHs组和近红外光(NIR)照射下CGCHs(CGCHs+NIR)组的细菌抑制效果及其对细菌生物膜相关基因表达的影响,观察CGCHs和CS/nHA不同材料组的促成骨分化和成骨、破骨相关基因表达。结果CGCHs是具有高度孔隙率的三维支架,在CuS/GO浓度为200μg/mL时CGCHs同时兼具良好的红外升温效果和生物安全性。琼脂糖平板涂菌和细菌死活染色结果均表明CGCHs+NIR组抗菌性能最佳,生物膜相关基因qPCR检测证实其具有抑制细菌生物膜相关基因表达的作用。茜素红染色结果表明CGCHs具有良好的体外促成骨性能,体外共培养3、7、14、21和28 d qPCR结果表明CGCHs对成骨早期和晚期相关基因表达均具有促进作用。与破骨细胞共培养结果可观察到CGCHs具有抑制破骨细胞形成的作用,细胞凋亡检测结果进一步验证这一结论,破骨分化相关基因qPCR检测结果表明,CGCHs主要通过抑制抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶、组织蛋白酶K、CTR、P65和P38在共培养7、14 d的表达来抑制破骨细胞的分化。结论作为纳米复合材料,CGCHs生物安全性好,具有良好的红外光热协同抗菌作用,在促成骨分化的同时抑制破骨细胞分化,有望为感染性骨缺损治疗提供新的思路。
