Agricultural Input and Output in Jiangsu Province with Case Analysis

[Objective] The aim was to explore interrelationship between agricultural input and output in Jiangsu and the influence degrees of input factors on agricultur-al output. [Method] Quantitative analysis and evaluation were made on agricultural input and output in Jiangsu during 1990-2012 as per factor analysis and regression analysis. [Result] The result of factor analysis showed that since the 1990s, the comprehensive efficiency of agricultural input/output in Jiangsu was growing and in-put/output of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, crop farming, and of food production were extracted, whose scores reflect the changes of input/output ef-ficiencies in terms of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery, crop farming and food production in the two decades. The results of regression analysis indicated that the effects of the three indices on agricultural output tended to be volatile and the influence degrees were concluded also by regression parameters. [Conclusion] The research provides theoretical references for agricultural input/output structure in Jiangsu Province.

Iterative identification of output error model for industrial processes with time delay subject to colored noise

To deal with colored noise and unexpected load disturbance in identification of industrial processes with time delay, a bias-eliminated iterative least-squares(ILS) identification method is proposed in this paper to estimate the output error model parameters and time delay simultaneously. An extended observation vector is constructed to establish an ILS identification algorithm. Moreover, a variable forgetting factor is introduced to enhance the convergence rate of parameter estimation. For consistent estimation, an instrumental variable method is given to deal with the colored noise. The convergence and upper bound error of parameter estimation are analyzed. Two illustrative examples are used to show the effectiveness and merits of the proposed method.

Productivity Growth in China's Agriculture During 1985-2010

This paper made an empirical analysis of China＇s agricultural growth path and influential factors using the province-level panel data of agricultural inputs and outputs during 1985-2010.The findings indicate that the increase in agricultural inputs and TFP contributed 40.6 and 55.2% to the agricultural output growth,respectively;China＇s agriculture had jumped out of the pattern which output growth was mainly driven by increasing input.Of the total inputs,chemical fertilizer had the most important contribution to the output growth,followed by mechanical inputs.The contribution of land and labor was negative.China＇s agricultural output growth belonged to the type of induced technology innovation.China＇s agricultural TFP growth had characteristics of fluctuations over time and unbalanced between regions,but the gap between the eastern,the middle,and the western regions has been narrowed.

ACS algorithm-based adaptive fuzzy PID controller and its application to CIP-I intelligent leg

Based on the ant colony system （ACS） algorithm and fuzzy logic control, a new design method for optimal fuzzy PID controller was proposed. In this method, the ACS algorithm was used to optimize the input/output scaling factors of fuzzy PID controller to generate the optimal fuzzy control rules and optimal real-time control action on a given controlled object. The designed controller, called the Fuzzy-ACS PID controller, was used to control the CIP-Ⅰ intelligent leg. The simulation experiments demonstrate that this controller has good control performance. Compared with other three optimal PID controllers designed respectively by using the differential evolution algorithm, the real-coded genetic algorithm, and the simulated annealing, it was verified that the Fuzzy-ACS PID controller has better control performance. Furthermore, the simulation results also verify that the proposed ACS algorithm has quick convergence speed, small solution variation, good dynamic convergence behavior, and high computation efficiency in searching for the optimal input/output scaling factors.

Assessment of the Wind Energy Potential of Two Burundian Sites

1-year hourly wind speed data from two Burundian stations, namely Bujumbura and Muyinga, have been processed in this work to bring an efficient help for the planning and installation of wind energy conversion systems (WECS) at those localities. Mean seasonal and diurnal variations of wind direction and wind shear exponent have been derived. Two-parameter Weibull probability density functions (PDFs) fitting the observed monthly and annual wind speed relative frequency distributions have been implemented. As shown through three complementary statistical tests, the fitting technique was very satisfactory. A wind resource analysis at 10 m above ground level (AGL) has led to a mean power density at Bujumbura which is almost thirteen fold higher than at Muyinga. The use of the empirical power law to extrapolate wind characteristics at heights from 150 to 350 m AGL has shown that energy potential of hilltops around Muyinga was only suitable for small, individual scale wind energy applications. At the opposite, wind energy potential of ridge-tops and hilltops around Bujumbura has been found suitable for medium and large scale electricity production. For that locality and at those heights, energy outputs and capacity factors (CF or Cf) have been computed for ten selected wind turbines (WTs), together with costs of electricity (COE) using the present value of cost (PVC) method. Amongst those WTs, YDF-1500-87 and S95-2.1 MW have emerged as the best options for installation owing to their highest CF and lowest COE. Moreover, an analysis of those two quantities at monthly basis for YDF-1500-87 WT has led to its best performance in the dry season. Compared to the average present COE of household hydroelectricity consumption, results of this study have evidenced economical feasibility and benefit of WECS setting in selected Burundian sites in order to supplement traditional electricity sources.