Clinical Study on the Therapeutic Effect of Combined Traditional Chinese Medicine with Acupoint Injection and Herbal Paste Application in Treating Ovulatory Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of combined traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy with acupoint injection and herbal patch application on patients with ovulatory dysfunction associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods: A total of 80 PCOS patients who received treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine between October 2022 and March 2024 were enrolled in this study. They were randomly divided into a control group (n = 40) and an observation group (n = 40). The control group received conventional Western medical treatments, while the observation group was administered TCM combined with acupoint injection and herbal patch application. Pre- and post-treatment conditions were compared between the two groups. Results: After treatment, the overall effective rate was significantly higher in the observation group compared to the control group (P 0.05). Following treatment, both ovulation and pregnancy rates increased in both groups, but the increase was more evident in the observation group, showing a statistically significant difference (P < 0.01). Conclusion: For patients with oligoovulation or anovulation due to PCOS, the combined use of TCM, acupoint injection, and herbal patch application appears to be effective in improving systemic symptoms and achieving notable clinical outcomes.

Research Progress on Mechanism of Ovulation Disorder in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is a reproductive endocrine disease characterized by ovulation disorder,hyperandrogenism and/or polycystic ovary.Follicular development disorder caused by PCOS accounts for up to 75%of anovulatory infertility,which is a common cause of infertility and affects up to 15%of reproductive aged women worldwide.Oxidative stress,chronic inflammation,endoplasmic reticulum stress and other pathological conditions coexist in the ovarian microenvironment of PCOS,which are further aggravated under the action of high levels of androgens,synergistically deteriorating the follicular microenvironment,leading to ovulation disorders in PCOS patients.This paper briefly reviewed the research on the mechanism of PCOS ovulation disorder in recent years.

Effect of Rosiglitazone on Endocrine, Metabolism and Ovulatory Performance in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Insulin Resistance

The effect of rosiglitazone on endocrine, metabolism and ovulatory performance in the paitents with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) and insulin resistance was investigated. Twenty-five patients diagnosed as having polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) combined with insulin resistance were treated with rosiglitazone for 12 weeks. Before and after treatment, serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), androstenedione (A), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), insulin and glucose concentration, total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholestero (LDL-C), apolipoprotein A, apolipoprotein B levels and ovulatory performance were determined. The results showed that after treatment serum insulin levels was decreased significantly (P<0.01). The HDL-C was increased while LDL-C decreased significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01). The serum LH, T, A concentrations and the ratio of LH/FSH were decreased, while SHBG levels increased significantly (P<0.01). The ovulation rate during clomiphene citrate therapy was 72 %, significantly higher than that before treatment. It is likely that reduction of hyperinsulinemia that is produce by rosiglitazone may effectively improve the endocrine, metabolism and ovulatory performance in the patients with PCOS and insulin resistance.

Pharmacological efficacy of the traditional Chinese medicinal formula Kun-Tai-1A in the treatment of letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome

Background:Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is an endocrine disorder that occurs in women of child-bearing age.Moreover,PCOS patients have decreased pregnancy rates and clomiphene citrate resistance.The traditional Chinese medicine formula Kun-Tai-1S(KT1S),consisting of the seahorse species hippocampus,has been reported to elicit therapeutic effects in patients with PCOS.However,given the limited resources and global demand for wild hippocampus,whether KT1S with or without hippocampus can elicit similar therapeutic effects has not been confirmed.Methods:KT1S and Kun-Tai-1A(KT1A,KT1S without dry hippocampus)were used to treat a letrozole-induced rat model of PCOS with an established disease.The serum levels of testosterone,luteinizing hormone,anti-Müllerian hormone,and estradiol were determined,the luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio was determined,and the ovarian pathology was evaluated.Results:Similar to the therapeutic effects of cyproterone acetate,both the KT1S and KT1A treatments reduced the body weight and ovarian and uterine indices in the rats with PCOS.The serum levels of testosterone,anti-Müllerian hormone,and luteinizing hormone and the luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio were significantly lower in the KT1S and KT1A treatment groups compared to the model group(P<0.01 and P<0.05,respectively).Moreover,the histopathological assessment results suggested that both the KT1S and KT1A treatments significantly ameliorated the PCOS pathology in the rats with an established disease,with a reduced number of cystic and atretic follicles and an increased number of corpora lutea being observed in the ovaries.Notably,there was no obvious difference in the disease outcomes between the KT1S and KT1A-treated groups.Network pharmacology analysis revealed that 4’,7-dihydroxyflavanone,sinpemine A,quercetin,8-isopentenyl-kaempferol,and luteolin in KT1A may promote estrogen signaling;furthermore,the nitric oxide regulation pathway is also closely involved.Conclusion:KT1A and KT1S treatments both significantly ameliorated the PCOS-related pathology in rats,suggesting that the hippocampus component is dispensable for KT1S-mediated amelioration.Given the limited resources and global demand for wild hippocampus for use in complementary medicines,our findings may help conserve this species.Together,our results suggest that KT1A is a promising approach for treating PCOS.

Management strategy of infertility in polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is the most common endocrine and metabolic disease in women of reproductive age.PCOS is characterized by ovulatory disruption,which can lead to infertility.Patients with PCOS are also more likely to have poor pregnancy outcomes.For obese women,lifestyle interventions are recommended first,which have general health benefits.For women who have difficulty changing their lifestyle,drugs for the treatment of obesity or bariatric surgery could be considered.Clomiphene citrate is the first-line medication after weight loss that has been utilized in the past.Letrozole is supplanting clomiphene as the best option for ovulation induction for now,particularly in patients with PCOS.Metformin can improve ovulation and pregnancy rates;however,it has minimal effects in terms of raising live birth rates.Second-line therapies include gonadotropins and laparoscopic ovary drilling.In vitro fertilization can be utilized as a third-line treatment for patients with PCOS who have failed ovulation induction therapy or have other infertility factors.In summary,to achieve fertility,patients with PCOS require standardized individualized therapy.

Simultaneous Letrozole and Clomiphene Citrate versus Letrozole Alone in Clomiphene Citrate Resistant Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomised Controlled Trial

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common cause of anovulatory infertility. The therapeutic strategies for clomiphene citrate (CC)- resistant patients include the addition of corticosteroids, extended duration of clomiphene, gonadotrophin therapy, laparoscopic ovarian drilling, in vitro fertilization or the use of aromatase inhibitors recently. Letrozole decreases estrogen levels in the body, so it releases the hypothalamus and/or pituitary gland from the negative feedback of estrogen. This increases levels of gonadotrophins, which stimulates follicular growth. Objectives: To evaluate the role of letrozole alone and simultaneous use of letrozole and clomiphene citrate (CC) for ovulation induction in patients with clomiphene citrate-resistant PCOS (CCR-PCOS). Patients and Methods: This open-label randomised controlled study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt during the period from February 2018 to June 2019. The study included 60 CCR-PCOS patients who were randomly allocated by independent personnel into two arms: group A (letrozole alone) or B (letrozole + CC). In either group, monitoring the mean follicular diameter and endometrial thickness in the days 10, 12, and 14 of the cycle by transvaginal ultrasound and Measurement of serum Progesterone (ng/ml) 7 days after the expected time of ovulation. Results: We investigated various clinical and sonographic factors that may predict the outcome of the method of induction of ovulation in CCR-PCOS with no significant affection for the results. There was a non-significant difference between the studied groups regarding ovulation and pregnancy per cycle or per patient. Conclusion: Letrozole alone or simultaneous use of letrozole and CC offers a good second-line option for induction of ovulation in CCR-PCOS patients. However, the combination of CC and letrozole did not add any benefit over the use of letrozole alone regards ovulation rate, follicular volume, endometrial thickness, pregnancy rate and live birth rate.

Protective and therapeutic effect of protocatechuic acid in assessment of letrozole- induced polycystic ovary syndrome in rats

Objective:To investigate the potential activity of protocatechuic acid in female Wistar rats with letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).Methods:Thirty rats were divided into five groups of six each.Group 1 received 0.5%carboxy methyl cellulose orally and served as the normal control group;group 2 was treated orally with 1 mg/kg of letrozole daily for 21 days and served as the PCOS induced group;group 3 was orally administered with letrozole of 1 mg/kg for 21 days and further administered with standard drug of clomiphene citrate at a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight in 0.5%carboxy methyl cellulose per oral and served as the standard group;groups 4 and 5 were administered with letrozole of 1 mg/kg for 21 days and further treated with protocatechuic acid orally at low dose of 5 mg/kg body weight and high dose of 15 mg/kg body weight respectively for 15 days.At the end of the study period,rats were subjected for the estimation of invasive blood pressure and heart rate,biochemical estimations and antioxidant assay.In addition,ovarian histomorphology was examined.Results:The PCOS was confirmed in the letrozole induced rats with increased concentration of androgen,abnormal lipid levels,glucose,glycosylated haemoglobin and also depletion of antioxidants.After protocatechuic acid treatment,the increased levels of testosterone due to induction of PCOS were restored to normal levels.Additionally,there was a consistent decrease in luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone levels in the treatment groups,followed by decrease in the number of cysts after treatment with protocatechuic acid.Histopathological observations showed a remarkable recovery of the ovarian tissue and the presence of normalized structure of antral follicle.Protocatechuic acid treatment restored all the parameters to normalcy and abolished cysts formation in ovaries of female rats.Conclusions:Protocatechuic acid shows potential protective effects in letrozole-induced PCOS rats.The protective effect is comparable to that of clomiphene citrate and thus shows its potential in the treatment of PCOS.

Seed and Wasp Production in the Mutualism of Figs and Fig Wasps

Figs (Moracea: Ficus) and fig wasps (Hymenoptera: Chlocloids: Agaonideae) depend on each other to complete their reproduction. Monoecious fig species and their pollinating wasps are in conflict over the use of fig ovaries which can either produce one seed or one wasp. From observation on Ficus virens Ait., we showed that female flowers with outer layer of ovaries (near to the wall of syconium) had no significant difference from that with inner and interval layer of ovaries (near to the syconium cavity), in which most seeds and wasps were produced. This meant that fig tree provided the same potential resource for seed and wasps production. Observation indicated that there was usually only one foundress in syconium at female flower phase and no com- petition pollinators. Measurement of the style length of female flowers and the ovipositor of pollinators indicated that most ovaries could be reached by pollinator’s ovipositor. However, at the male flower phase, production of seeds was significantly more than that of wasps including non-pollinating wasps but there was no significant difference between seed and pollinating wasp production when without non-pollinating wasps produced. This result indicated that non-pollinating wasps competed ovaries not with seeds but with pollinating wasps for ovipositing. Bagged experiment showed that the sampling fig species was not self-sterile which was important for figs and wasps to survive bad season. Seed production in self-pollinated figs was not significantly different from total wasps in- cluding non-pollinating ones. This might be related with the weaker competition among wasps since bagged figs were not easy to reach by wasps from outside.

Induction of Ovulation with Clomiphene Citrate Combined with Bromocriptine in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients with Infertility: A Prospective, Randomized, and Controlled Clinical Trial

Background:To investigate the therapeutic effects of bromocriptine(BCT)combined with clomiphene citrate(CC)in the induction of ovulation in polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)patients with infertility.Methods:A prospective,randomized,and controlled clinical trial was performed on 100 PCOS patients with infertility.Patients were randomly divided into two groups(n=50),patients in control group were treated with 50 mg CC from day 3 to day 7 of the menstrual cycle,and those in observation group(CC+BCT)were given 50 mg of CC from day 3 to day 7 of the menstrual cycle along with 2.5 mg of BCT daily for the full cycle.Patients in both groups were treated for one cycle.Blood was extracted from patients on day 3 of the menstrual cycle,the day of human chorionic gonadotrophin(hCG)injection,and day 7 after hCG injection to measure serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),luteinizing hormone(LH),prolactin(PRL),estradiol(E_(2)),total testosterone(T)and progestin(P).Vaginal ultrasound was used to determine the thickness of endometrium and follicle size and count.Results:There was no significant difference in basal hormone levels between two groups.The success rate of ovulation induction in control group and observation group was 72.0%and 75.4%,respectively,no significant difference was found between two groups(P>0.05).The ongoing pregnancy rate(18.4%)in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group(8.0%).On the day of hCG injection,no significant differences in the levels of FSH,E_(2),and P were found between two groups,while LH was lower,and levels of PRL and T were significantly lower in observation group than those in control group(all P=0.00).On day 7 after hCG injection,no significant differences in the levels of E_(2) and P were found between two groups,while PRL level was significantly lower in observation group than that in control group,and the endometrial thickness in observation group(10.20±1.92 mm)was significantly higher than that in control group(9.22±1.88 mm)(P=0.01).Conclusions:Compared with the use of CC alone,BCT combined with CC can increase the success rate of ovulation induction-assisted pregnancy in PCOS patients,decrease the levels of PRL,LH,and T and increase the endometrial thickness in implantation window.Those data suggest that dopamine agonist BCT may reduce the pituitary hormone and androgen levels,reduce endometrial vascular resistance,and increase endometrial blood supply to improve the infertility outcomes of PCOS patients with infertility.

来曲唑片联合炔雌醇环丙孕酮片调节多囊卵巢综合征患者性激素水平改善排卵效果的临床研究

目的评估来曲唑片(在达英-35治疗的基础上)对多囊卵巢综合征患者性激素调节及排卵改善的效果。方法选择2020年1月至2022年12月西安市人民医院(西安市第四医院)收治的多囊卵巢综合征患者80例,按随机数字表法分组分为对照组(40例,接受常规治疗+达英-35治疗)、观察组(40例,接受联合来曲唑片治疗)。2组均治疗3个疗程,随访6个月,分析比较2组临床疗效,血清催乳激素(PRL)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、睾酮、抗苗勒管激素(AMH)、人体抑制素B(INHB)、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂(Vaspin)水平,排卵率、妊娠率、成熟卵泡、最大卵泡直径、子宫内膜厚度,不良反应发生情况。结果观察组总有效率较高;治疗后2组血清PRL、FSH、LH、睾酮、AMH、INHB、Vaspin水平降低,且观察组较低;观察组子宫内膜厚度较厚,排卵率、妊娠率较高,最大卵泡直径较长,成熟卵泡数量较多,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应用来曲唑片有助于调节多囊卵巢综合征性激素及疾病相关因子水平,改善排卵功能,提高妊娠率,且不易增加不良反应发生风险,效果显著。

痰湿型多囊卵巢综合征患者游离睾酮指数水平与临床特征的差异及相关性分析

目的 探讨痰湿证与非痰湿证多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovarian syndrome, PCOS)患者游离睾酮指数(free testosterone index, FAI)与不同临床特征的差异及相关性。方法 基于临床科研信息一体化平台收集病例资料,回顾性纳入2019年9月~2021年1月黑龙江中医药大学第一附属医院收治的1041例PCOS患者。按中医诊断标准分为痰湿组(n=658)和非痰湿组(n=383),记录各项指标并统计分析各项指标与FAI的相关性,以分析不同中医证型FAI的影响因素。结果 痰湿组PCOS患者FAI、体重、腰围、臀围、腰臀比(waist-to-hip ratio, WHR)、空腹血糖(fasting plasma glucose, FPG)、30min葡萄糖、空腹胰岛素(fasting insulin, FINS)、30min胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗指数(insulin resistance of homeostasis model assessment, HOMA-IR)、甘油三酯(triglyceride, TG)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol, TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, LDL-C)、载脂蛋白B(apolipoprotein B, ApoB)、ApoB/ApoA等临床指标值高于非痰湿组(P<0.05)。在痰湿组PCOS患者中,FAI与卵泡生成素(follicle-producing hormone, FSH)、泌乳素(prolactin, PRL)、性激素结合球蛋白(sex hormone-binding globulin, SHBG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, HDL-C)、载脂蛋白A(apolipoprotein A, ApoA)呈负相关,与收缩压、舒张压、体重、体重指数(body mass index, BMI)、腰围、臀围、WHR、睾酮(testosterone, T)、雄烯二酮(androstenedione, AND)、60min葡萄糖、120min葡萄糖、FINS、30min胰岛素、60min胰岛素、120min胰岛素、180min胰岛素、HOMA-IR指数、TG、ApoB/ApoA呈正相关(P<0.05)。在非痰湿组PCOS患者中,FAI与PRL、SHBG呈负相关,与舒张压、体重、BMI、腰围、T、硫酸脱氢表雄酮(dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, DHEAS)、AND、60min葡萄糖、120min葡萄糖、FINS、60min胰岛素、120min胰岛素、180min胰岛素、ApoB、HOMA-IR指数呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 痰湿组与非痰湿组PCOS患者的FAI等研究指标水平存在显著差异,痰湿组PCOS患者的FAI水平高于非痰湿组。痰湿组PCOS患者FAI水平与肥胖、糖脂代谢水平等具有明显的相关性,其因果关系需进一步探究。

不同预处理方案联合促排卵治疗多囊卵巢综合征致不孕症的效果

目的:分析不同预处理方案联合促排卵治疗多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)致不孕症的效果。方法:选取2022年1月—2023年6月东莞东华医院生殖医学科收治的PCOS致不孕症患者90例为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各45例。在促排卵治疗前,对照组采用炔雌醇环丙孕酮片联合二甲双胍进行预处理干预,观察组采用炔雌醇环丙孕酮片联合肌醇进行预处理。比较两组血清性激素水平、周期排卵率及妊娠率。结果:治疗后,两组睾酮、黄体生成素下降,观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后,两组促卵泡刺激素、雌二醇水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组周期排卵率高于对照组(P=0.003)。观察组妊娠率高于对照组(P=0.002)。结论:炔雌醇环丙孕酮片联合肌醇预处理在PCOS所致不孕症患者中的疗效较好,相比联合二甲双胍预处理效果更佳,可降低睾酮、黄体生成素水平,提高排卵率和妊娠率。

金哲辨治未破裂卵泡黄素化综合征经验

总结金哲教授治疗未破裂卵泡黄素化综合征(LUFS)经验。根据B超下卵泡大小,LUFS可分为小卵泡型、卵泡滞留型和卵泡持续增大型,其中卵泡滞留型多合并子宫内膜异位症和多囊卵巢综合征,不同分型的LUFS各有其特点,金教授认为应分型辨证。治疗上,需总体把握种子调经这一核心思想辨证论治,并根据月经周期的阴阳消长规律进行分期论治。创立“育卵三法”分期论治小卵泡型LUFS;卵泡滞留型LUFS合并子宫内膜异位症者,以化瘀为首,合并多囊卵巢综合征者,以利湿化痰、散瘀调经为主;对于持续增长型LUFS,则以化痰消癥为法,分期治疗。

中药周期疗法联合促排卵方案治疗多囊卵巢综合征不孕症Meta分析

目的:系统评价中药周期疗法联合促排卵方案治疗多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)不孕症的临床疗效及安全性。方法:计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、the Cochrane Library、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库、维普数据库,检索时限为建库至2024年2月,纳入中药周期疗法治疗PCOS不孕症的随机对照试验。由2位研究人员独立按照纳入、排除标准进行文献筛选和数据收集。采用RevMan5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果:最终纳入15项研究,涉及患者1171例,其中治疗组594例,对照组577例。Meta分析结果显示,与对照组比较,治疗组妊娠率[RR=1.80,95%CI(1.58,2.04),P<0.00001]、排卵率[RR=1.10,95%CI(1.06,1.14),P<0.00001]和总有效率[RR=1.25,95%CI=(1.15,1.37),P<0.00001]升高,子宫内膜厚度增厚[MD=1.12,95%CI(0.94,1.29),P<0.00001],雄激素[MD=-0.39,95%CI(-0.52,-0.26),P<0.00001]、促黄体生成激素[MD=-1.49,95%CI(-1.93,-1.05),P<0.00001]水平及卵巢过度刺激征发生率[RR=0.25,95%CI(0.08,0.79),P=0.02]与不良反应发生率[RR=0.36,95%CI(0.19,0.67),P=0.001]降低。结论:中药周期疗法联合促排卵方案治疗PCOS不孕症疗效优于单纯促排卵方案治疗,能够促进生育,调节性激素水平,安全性较高。

益肾祛浊方对比二甲双胍治疗多囊卵巢综合征合并胰岛素抵抗的随机对照研究

背景多囊卵巢综合征合并胰岛素抵抗(PCOS-IR)是PCOS中治愈难度最大的亚型,病机复杂,个体差异性大。二甲双胍作为一线用药,虽然能够降低血糖和改善胰岛素敏感性,但是对于调节激素失衡、改善卵巢功能等PCOS核心病理作用有限,且胃肠道反应大,患者难以坚持服用。目的评价益肾祛浊方对比二甲双胍治疗PCOS-IR的有效性与安全性。方法前瞻性选取2022年6月—2023年10月首都医科大学附属北京中医医院妇科门诊的102例PCOS-IR患者为研究对象,按照2∶1比例随机分为试验组(n=68)、对照组(n=34)。试验组以益肾祛浊方治疗,对照组以二甲双胍治疗,比较两组患者的排卵率、妊娠率、性激素[卵泡刺激素、促黄体生成素、LH/FSH、睾酮、抗苗勒管激素];糖脂代谢指标;BMI、腰臀比及不良反应发生率。结果治疗后试验组基础体温排卵率较治疗前升高(P<0.05)。试验组有生育需求患者13例,妊娠5例,对照组有生育需求患者5例,妊娠1例。治疗后两组妊娠率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.154,P>0.05)。治疗后两组患者LH/FSH均较治疗前降低(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗指数、总胆固醇、三酰甘油均较治疗前降低(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与治疗前比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后对照组腰围少于试验组(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者BMI、腰围、臀围、腰臀比均较治疗前降低(P<0.05)。治疗后试验组患者ALT、尿酸较治疗前降低,对照组UA较治疗前升高(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者其他指标与治疗前比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗期间,患者出现低血糖、乏力、胃脘不适及腹泻等不良反应,试验组不良反应发生率(5/68,7.35%)低于对照组(15/31,48.39%)(χ^(2)=20.404,P<0.001)。结论益肾祛浊方调节激素失衡、改善糖脂代谢异常,治疗PCOS-IR的有效性与二甲双胍相当,对肝肾功能有保护作用,且在减少不良反应方面优于二甲双胍,鉴于二甲双胍的胃肠道反应,患者对益肾祛浊方有更好的耐受度和接受度,值得临床推广应用。

慢性低度炎症在多囊卵巢综合征排卵障碍中的作用机制

目的 验证多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)小鼠卵巢颗粒细胞炎症状态,并探索慢性低度炎症状态对PCOS排卵障碍的作用机制。方法 选取SPF级健康雌性C57BL/6小鼠10只,21~25 d,14~16 g,按照随机数字表法将其分为CONTROL组和PCOS组,每组5只。PCOS组每日皮下注射脱氢表雄酮(6 mg/100 g,溶剂:玉米油与DMSO混合液),CONTROL组小鼠每日皮下注射等体积溶剂,连续给药21 d。苏木精-伊红染色观察两组小鼠卵巢组织形态,免疫组织化学染色法检测两组小鼠卵巢颗粒细胞中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)表达水平。向KGN细胞中加入脂多糖(LPS)0.1μg/ml(LPS 0.1组)、0.2μg/ml(LPS 0.2组)、0.5μg/ml(LPS 0.5组)、1.0μg/ml(LPS 1.0组)、5.0μg/ml(LPS 5.0组)构建颗粒细胞炎症模型,以KGN细胞作为对照组。Western blot法检测KGN细胞中TNF-α、SMAD4表达水平;免疫荧光检测对照组及LPS 0.2组KGN细胞中YTHDF2表达水平。转染PC3.1-YTHDF2质粒构建YTHDF2过表达颗粒细胞模型(PC3.1-YTHDF2组),转染PC3.1质粒作为对照(PC3.1组)。Western blot法检测PC3.1组和PC3.1-YTHDF2组KGN细胞中SMAD4表达水平。结果 CONTROL组小鼠卵巢中各时期卵泡均存在。与CONTROL组比较,PCOS组小鼠卵巢中存在大量未成熟卵泡。与CONTROL组比较,PCOS组小鼠卵巢颗粒细胞中TNF-α表达水平升高(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,LPS 0.2组、LPS 0.5组、LPS 1.0组、LPS 5.0组KGN细胞中TNF-α表达水平升高(P<0.05);LPS 0.1组、LPS 0.2组、LPS 0.5组、LPS 1.0组、LPS 5.0组KGN细胞中SMAD4表达水平降低(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,LPS 0.2组KGN细胞中YTHDF2表达水平升高(P<0.05)。与PC3.1组比较,PC3.1-YTHDF2组KGN细胞中SMAD4表达水平降低(P<0.05)。结论 PCOS小鼠颗粒细胞中存在炎症状态,PCOS颗粒细胞的炎症状态可影响其排卵功能,PCOS颗粒细胞炎症状态可能通过调控YTHDF2影响SMAD4的表达从而造成PCOS排卵障碍。

基于“卵巢微癥瘕”理论认识郭志强教授治疗多囊卵巢综合征排卵障碍

多囊卵巢综合征不仅会引起女性排卵障碍、不孕等常见生殖内分泌疾病,还会诱发多种危害人体健康的远期并发症。目前,西医对多囊卵巢综合征的病因研究尚未完全明了,治疗亦存在局限之处。本文通过探讨郭志强教授论治多囊卵巢综合征排卵障碍的中医病机,基于“卵巢微癥瘕”理论,从肾虚络阻病机入手,以补肾通络消癥为治法治疗多囊卵巢综合征排卵障碍,获得良效,以期对多囊卵巢综合征的临床治疗提供更多的思路和方法。

基于网络药理学及分子对接技术探讨金匮肾气丸“异病同治”多囊卵巢综合征和甲状腺功能减退的作用机制

目的 以中医“异病同治”理论为依据,采用网络药理学与分子对接方法探究金匮肾气丸对多囊卵巢综合征和甲状腺功能减退的作用机制。方法 自2022年3—10月通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(TCMSP)检索获取金匮肾气丸活性成分及潜在靶点,利用DrugBank、GeneCards数据库获取疾病靶点,将两者取交集获取共有靶点,通过STRING11.5数据库构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络,使用Cytoscape 3.7.1构建金匮肾气丸“药物-疾病-靶点”网络,利用R语言对共有靶点进行富集分析,运用SYBYL-X 2.0软件进行分子对接。结果 筛选得到疾病与药物共有靶点65个,核心靶点主要涉及血管内皮生长因子A(VEGFA)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、胱天蛋白酶-3(CASP-3)、细胞肿瘤抗原p53(TP53)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)等,潜在靶点主要富集在AGE-RAGE信号通路、癌症的途径、PI3K-Akt信号通路、胰岛素抵抗、JAK-STAT信号通路等多条信号通路中。结论 金匮肾气丸中多种活性成分通过多靶点、多途径发挥抑制炎症反应及细胞凋亡、促进组织血管生成等作用,初步揭示了金匮肾气丸“异病同治”多囊卵巢综合征与甲状腺功能减退的潜在靶点与现代生物学机制,为深入研究开展实验及临床应用提供参考。

PCOS不孕合并代谢综合征发生情况及其与促排卵结局的关系分析

目的:探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)不孕患者合并代谢综合征(MS)发生情况及其与促排卵结局的关系。方法:选取2020年1月至2023年4月收治的PCOS不孕患者225例作为研究对象,统计MS的发生情况。根据患者是否发生MS分为MS组和非MS组,比较两组临床资料,并分析MS与促排卵结局的关系。结果:共纳入225例PCOS不孕患者,31例患者合并MS,占比为13.78%;MS组BMI(≥24kg/m^(2))、腰围(≥88cm)、收缩压(≥130mmHg)、舒张压(≥85mmHg)、FPG(≥126mg/dL)、TG(≥150mg/dL)、FINS、HOMA-IR水平高于非MS组,HDL-C(≥59mg/dL)水平低于非MS组(P<0.05);MS组排卵率、临床妊娠率低于非MS组(χ^(2)=6.745;χ^(2)=5.292,P<0.05);采用二元Logistic分析,年龄(≥30岁)、腰围(≥88cm)、MS(是)、FINS、HOMA-IR、雌二醇(E2)、睾酮(T)、抗苗勒管激素(AMH)均为影响PCOS不孕患者促排卵结局的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:PCOS不孕患者MS发生率较高,其促排卵结局与MS具有一定的相关性,且促排卵结局受年龄、腰围、MS、FINS、HOMA-IR、E2、T、AMH等因素的影响。