A kind of new deflection technique has been developed for measuring the growth stress of thermally growing oxide scales during high temperature oxidation of alloys. The average growth stresses in oxide scales such as ...A kind of new deflection technique has been developed for measuring the growth stress of thermally growing oxide scales during high temperature oxidation of alloys. The average growth stresses in oxide scales such as Al2O3, NiO and Cr2O3 formed on the surface of the superalloys can be investigated by this technique. Unlike the comventional deflection method, the novel method does not need to apply a coating for preventing one main face of thin strip specimen from oxidizing and can be used under the condition of longer time and higher temperature.展开更多
High-temperature oxidation is an important property to evaluate thermal protection materials. However, since oxidation is a complex process involving microstructure evolution, its quantitative analysis has always been...High-temperature oxidation is an important property to evaluate thermal protection materials. However, since oxidation is a complex process involving microstructure evolution, its quantitative analysis has always been a challenge. In this work, a phase field method （PFM） based on the thermodynamics theory is developed to simulate the oxidation behavior and oxidation induced growth stress. It involves microstructure evolution and solves the problem of quantitatively computational analysis for the oxidation behavior and growth stress. Employing this method, the diffusion process, oxidation performance, and stress evolution axe predicted for Fe-Cr-A1-Y alloys. The numerical results agree well with the experimental data. The linear relationship between the maximum growth stress and the environment oxygen concentration is found. PFM provides a powerful tool to investigate high-temperature oxidation in complex environments.展开更多
Stress Corrosion Cracking(SCC)process through which cracks occur in a variety of susceptible materials is a result of a combination of residual or applied stresses and corrosion.In oil and gas field,buried pipeline st...Stress Corrosion Cracking(SCC)process through which cracks occur in a variety of susceptible materials is a result of a combination of residual or applied stresses and corrosion.In oil and gas field,buried pipeline steels are made of low-alloy steels with a ferritic-pearlitic structure,such as X70.In dilute solutions,these materials are prone to SCC failure.The Near-neutral simulated soil solution(NS4)solution is established to imitate SCC conditions and subsequently became the industry requirement for crack growth experiments in the majority of laboratories.The strainassisted active crack pathways are considered while modelling SCC growth as an oxide film rupture and anodic dissolution process.It’s been hypothesized that increasing the strain concentration can help with dissolution at the filmfree crack tip.This research focuses on estimating the SCC crack growth rate under various environmental conditions in oil and gas pipelines using finite element modelling.The simulation is carried out using the J-integral theory in the COMSOL Multiphysics program.Simulations are performed to model the crack growth rate(CGR)using slip anodic dissolution(film rupture)mechanism.The plastic strain gradient is required to compute the SCC CGR(da/dt).Because the plastic strain located at crack tip increases proportionally to the crack length as it propagates,the CGR increases as the stress intensity factor(SIF)increases.The crack growth rates increase when constant loads are applied and as the temperature rises,and elevating the cathodic potential has a minimal influence on the propagation rate of cracks but raises the material yield strength and imparts brittle behavior to it.展开更多
采用改进的双面氧化弯曲法,原位测定了900℃下 CeO_2及其含量对 Al 化物涂层上的氧化膜生长应力的影响,并计算出了含 CeO_2的复合涂层与两种简单渗 Al 涂层的生长应力差值。实验表明:涂层中添加 CeO_2可细化 Al_2O_3膜的晶粒,增加了氧...采用改进的双面氧化弯曲法,原位测定了900℃下 CeO_2及其含量对 Al 化物涂层上的氧化膜生长应力的影响,并计算出了含 CeO_2的复合涂层与两种简单渗 Al 涂层的生长应力差值。实验表明:涂层中添加 CeO_2可细化 Al_2O_3膜的晶粒,增加了氧化膜的塑性,使复合涂层在900℃氧化45h 后的氧化膜内的生长应力同 NiAl 涂层和M38G 合金渗 Al 层相比分别降低了约2000MPa 和500MPa。此外,试样在升温过程中的弯曲行为表明,三种涂层的线膨胀系数间关系为 α_(NiAl)>α_(NiAl+CeO(?))>α_(渗 Al M38G 合金)。展开更多
文摘A kind of new deflection technique has been developed for measuring the growth stress of thermally growing oxide scales during high temperature oxidation of alloys. The average growth stresses in oxide scales such as Al2O3, NiO and Cr2O3 formed on the surface of the superalloys can be investigated by this technique. Unlike the comventional deflection method, the novel method does not need to apply a coating for preventing one main face of thin strip specimen from oxidizing and can be used under the condition of longer time and higher temperature.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 90505015 and10702035)
文摘High-temperature oxidation is an important property to evaluate thermal protection materials. However, since oxidation is a complex process involving microstructure evolution, its quantitative analysis has always been a challenge. In this work, a phase field method （PFM） based on the thermodynamics theory is developed to simulate the oxidation behavior and oxidation induced growth stress. It involves microstructure evolution and solves the problem of quantitatively computational analysis for the oxidation behavior and growth stress. Employing this method, the diffusion process, oxidation performance, and stress evolution axe predicted for Fe-Cr-A1-Y alloys. The numerical results agree well with the experimental data. The linear relationship between the maximum growth stress and the environment oxygen concentration is found. PFM provides a powerful tool to investigate high-temperature oxidation in complex environments.
基金This work is supported by ASPIRE Award for Research Excellence(AARE 2019)under the Advanced Technology Research Council-ASPIRE through Project Number AARE19-098.
文摘Stress Corrosion Cracking(SCC)process through which cracks occur in a variety of susceptible materials is a result of a combination of residual or applied stresses and corrosion.In oil and gas field,buried pipeline steels are made of low-alloy steels with a ferritic-pearlitic structure,such as X70.In dilute solutions,these materials are prone to SCC failure.The Near-neutral simulated soil solution(NS4)solution is established to imitate SCC conditions and subsequently became the industry requirement for crack growth experiments in the majority of laboratories.The strainassisted active crack pathways are considered while modelling SCC growth as an oxide film rupture and anodic dissolution process.It’s been hypothesized that increasing the strain concentration can help with dissolution at the filmfree crack tip.This research focuses on estimating the SCC crack growth rate under various environmental conditions in oil and gas pipelines using finite element modelling.The simulation is carried out using the J-integral theory in the COMSOL Multiphysics program.Simulations are performed to model the crack growth rate(CGR)using slip anodic dissolution(film rupture)mechanism.The plastic strain gradient is required to compute the SCC CGR(da/dt).Because the plastic strain located at crack tip increases proportionally to the crack length as it propagates,the CGR increases as the stress intensity factor(SIF)increases.The crack growth rates increase when constant loads are applied and as the temperature rises,and elevating the cathodic potential has a minimal influence on the propagation rate of cracks but raises the material yield strength and imparts brittle behavior to it.
文摘采用改进的双面氧化弯曲法,原位测定了900℃下 CeO_2及其含量对 Al 化物涂层上的氧化膜生长应力的影响,并计算出了含 CeO_2的复合涂层与两种简单渗 Al 涂层的生长应力差值。实验表明:涂层中添加 CeO_2可细化 Al_2O_3膜的晶粒,增加了氧化膜的塑性,使复合涂层在900℃氧化45h 后的氧化膜内的生长应力同 NiAl 涂层和M38G 合金渗 Al 层相比分别降低了约2000MPa 和500MPa。此外,试样在升温过程中的弯曲行为表明,三种涂层的线膨胀系数间关系为 α_(NiAl)>α_(NiAl+CeO(?))>α_(渗 Al M38G 合金)。
