覆膜对酒竹笋营养元素与成分的影响

The aim of this paper is to provide the data that the transplant advantage in southwest aridity area of China so that shoot’s trace element and nutritional components of wine bamboo,Oxytenanthera braunii,through the winter especially under plastic film mulching condition were measured.The results showed that plastic film mulching could precede in time of shoot germination and enhance the shoot quality such as improving absorbability of trace element,increasing content of protein,sugar,coarse fiber and majority of amino acid.And also,it could accelerate the development of shoot responding to the difference of base diameter.Wine bamboo’s trace element was rich,and the content of crude fat and sugar were higher compared with the shoot of Phyllostachys edulis,P.edulis cv.pachyloen and Dendrocalamus brandisii with the closer relationship that the excreting sap contained about 5% alcohol through new cutting stem.Wine bamboo germinated shoots in whole year at Mojiang Base if mother plant could absorb enough nutrition resulting in great consumption of nutriment and physiological turbulence like decreasing amino acid content under an inaptitude condition.So the amino acid content was low which were 1.3%,1.04% under treatment of plastic film mulching and the control respectively,although all kinds of necessary amino acid were included.Shoot of wine bamboo had a special taste for its lower tannin content and higher aspartic acid and glutamic acid contents.Synthetically,short time of plastic film mulching showed to be a method to provide the necessary soil water and mean temperature and do good for development and soil quality though winter.

特用竹种——酒竹的引种繁育初报

酒竹,以其可以伤流形式分泌出含酒精的天然营养液而闻名于世,但目前,世界上对酒竹研究、开发和利用尚处于初始阶段。本文对酒竹这一重要经济竹种的引种和初期的扦插、培育、密度限制等工作做了详细的报告,为收集种质和培育特种竹种提供了基础资料。

覆膜对酒竹干旱季节移栽和越冬的影响

通过应用覆膜技术对酒竹生长影响的研究,旨在探索酒竹在移栽和越冬的技术措施。结果表明:覆膜可以提供干季移栽酒竹林土壤的水分含量,加快根系伤口的愈合和新根产生;可以提高土壤在冬季平均温度,同时,促进枝叶数量有不同程度的提高,冠幅面积增加。

酒竹蔸、茎、枝和叶的营养元素与成分分析

通过对酒竹蔸、茎、枝、叶的营养元素和成分的研究,为该竹种资源的保护和合理的开发利用提供依据。从酒竹不同器官和不同竹龄的营养元素含量及营养成分分析结果看,酒竹体内大量元素磷、钾、硫、钙、镁、铁和微量元素锌、铜、锰等元素含量均比较高。当年生酒竹的钾、硫、钙、镁、锰元素含量均是叶>枝>蔸>茎,铁、锌、铜元素含量均是蔸>叶>枝>茎,磷元素则是叶>蔸>枝>茎,而一年生酒竹各器官除了铁元素和当年生一致外,其余各元素的含量在各器官中顺序均有变化,不过都是叶、枝大于蔸、茎。灰分和蛋白质含量比均是枝叶大于蔸茎;总糖在各器官的含量比在当年生时是枝>蔸>叶>茎,一年生则是蔸>茎>叶>枝;而总纤维在各器官的含量比则是茎>枝>蔸>叶,一年生则是茎>叶>枝>蔸。酒竹竹叶营养成分丰富,故其作为天然保健食品开发前景良好。

非洲大陆竹子资源的概况和分析

非洲大陆的竹林广泛分布在撒哈拉以南地区,其竹种按来源分可为3类:(1)原生竹种,包括Oldeania alpine、Oxytenanthera abyssinica、O.braunii、Oreobambos buchwaldii等;(2)较早历史时期引入,现在已经广泛分布的竹种,包括Bambusa vulgaris、Dendrocalamus asper、D.giganteus等;(3)20世纪70年代以来批量引进的竹种。从国别来说,尼日利亚和埃塞俄比亚是非洲竹林资源最丰富的两个国家。总体来说,目前关于非洲大陆地区竹资源的准确信息仍非常有限,需要当地政府和国际社会共同努力调查核实。而且由于近几十年来人口增长、对资源保护重视不够等原因,天然竹林资源随着森林砍伐快速减少,需尽快开展竹林保护和人工培育。