Mushrooms are recognized as sources of β-glucan. The aim of this study was to purify β-glucan from oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus pulmonarius) by alkaline extraction. The extracted β-glucan was added to a cracker reci...Mushrooms are recognized as sources of β-glucan. The aim of this study was to purify β-glucan from oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus pulmonarius) by alkaline extraction. The extracted β-glucan was added to a cracker recipe and the sensory, physical and estimated glycemic index of the final product were evaluated. Optimum extraction parameters were determined to be 80˚C, 90 minutes and 30% KOH. The β-glucan crackers had a glycemic index ranging from 88.07 to 67.32, while glucose had a glycemic index of 100. Based on the sensory study, it can be concluded that crackers enriched with β-glucan and possessing functional qualities may meet consumer expectations.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to screen high-yield and high-quality strains suitable for promotion and cultivation in Shandong Province in winter and spring,and provide production enterprises with better produc...[Objectives]This study was conducted to screen high-yield and high-quality strains suitable for promotion and cultivation in Shandong Province in winter and spring,and provide production enterprises with better production strains.[Methods]The clinker bag cultivation method was used to compare the cultivated products of 30 Pleurotus spp.strains,and the data on mycelial growth rate,growth morphology,biological characteristics of fruit bodies and yield were collected for comparison.[Results]Compared with other strains,such four strains as Pinggu 8633,Gaochan 8105,Tekang 650 and Ping 8129 had significantly higher adaptability,higher yield and better marketability.[Conclusions]Pinggu 8633,Gaochan 8105,Tekang 650 and Ping 8129 can be used as the main varieties for winter and spring oyster mushrooms production in Shandong Province.展开更多
Oyster mushrooms of genus Pleurotus are well known as valuable edible mushrooms which are broadly cultivated in the world as well as wildly propagated in forests of the temperate climate zones including Russia. Indoor...Oyster mushrooms of genus Pleurotus are well known as valuable edible mushrooms which are broadly cultivated in the world as well as wildly propagated in forests of the temperate climate zones including Russia. Indoor cultivation conditions adapted for a laboratory with non-specialized facilities were suggested for effective solid-state cultivation and fruit bodies’ production of Pleurotus species. Seven of 9 Pleurotus species of different origin produced fruit bodies successfully. The best fructification was shown for species P. sajor-caju, P. ostreatus, and P. pulmonarius with fruit body yields of 74%, 72%, and 61% by dry substrate weight in the first flushing cycle. Fruit bodies appeared in five to 10-day flushes. “Spawn run” stage was completed within 17 to 24 days, the longest colonization stage (26 days) being for the pink oyster, P. djamor. The cultivation parameters proposed in this study can be employed with ease for laboratory and “home” cultivation of oyster mushrooms. The species and strains’ identification was confirmed by restriction analysis of ITS region of rRNA gene cluster. Molecular barcodes based on restriction enzyme (AluI, and BsuRI) profiles of ITS sequences were shown to be applicable for molecular genotyping of Pleurotus species of different origin.展开更多
Aim: A simulation experiment was carried out in which oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus?pulmonarius) was grown on used engine oil. This study was designed to evaluate the remnant hydrocarbon in the sporophore (fruiting body...Aim: A simulation experiment was carried out in which oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus?pulmonarius) was grown on used engine oil. This study was designed to evaluate the remnant hydrocarbon in the sporophore (fruiting body) of?Pleurotuspulmonarius?and to assess its suitability for human consumption. Method: The mycelia of the mushroom were used to inoculate Spent Engine Oil (SEO, 10% (v/w)) polluted soil. After four weeks of incubation, fruiting bodies growing on the polluted soil were analyzed for remnant hydrocarbon profile. Results: Results showed that total Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) was 10 mg/kg and Aliphatic Hydrocarbon (AH) was 23 mg/kg. The hydrocarbon profile indicated some AH and PAH were within the non-cancer reference dose while a few others were above the non-cancer daily reference dose range. Conclusion: The detection of some hydrocarbon profile above the non-cancer daily reference dose makes the test-mushroom used for bioremediation not safe for human consumption. This underscores the need for caution in consuming mushrooms found in oil polluted environment.展开更多
The incidence of diabetes has increased considerably, and become the third serious chronic disease following cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Though acarbose, metformin, and 1-deoxynojirimycin have good efficacy fo...The incidence of diabetes has increased considerably, and become the third serious chronic disease following cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Though acarbose, metformin, and 1-deoxynojirimycin have good efficacy for clinical application as hypoglycemic drugs, their expensive costs and some degree of side effects have limited their clinical application. Recently, increasing attention has concentrated on the polysaccharides from natural plant and animal sources for diabetes. In order to illustrate the pharmaceutical activity of polysaccharides as natural hypoglycemic agents, polysaccharides isolated from Astragalus, oyster mushroom, and Yacon were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase. Polysaccharides were extracted and purified from Astragalus, Oyster mushroom, and Yacon with hot water at 90 °C for 3 h, respectively. The total sugar content of the polysaccharide was determined by the phenol-sulfuric acid method. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was measured by the glucose oxidase method. The results exhibited that the inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase were in decreasing order, Astragalus > oyster mushroom > Yacon. The α-glucosidase inhibition percentage of Astragalus polysaccharide and oyster mushroom polysaccharide were over 40% at the polysaccharide concentration of 0.4 mg·mL-1. The IC50 of Astragalus polysaccharide and oyster mushroom polysaccharide were 0.28 and 0.424 mg·mL-1, respectively. The information obtained from this work is beneficial for the use polysaccharides as a dietary supplement for health foods and therapeutics for diabetes.展开更多
插入/缺失(insertion-deletion,InDel)标记作为快速鉴定品种间遗传多样性的方法之一,因具有对检测设备要求低、简单易行、成本低,且共显性遗传、变异稳定、准确性高、重复性好等特点,在医学、动植物遗传学的群体遗传分析、基因定位及遗...插入/缺失(insertion-deletion,InDel)标记作为快速鉴定品种间遗传多样性的方法之一,因具有对检测设备要求低、简单易行、成本低,且共显性遗传、变异稳定、准确性高、重复性好等特点,在医学、动植物遗传学的群体遗传分析、基因定位及遗传图谱构建等领域被广泛应用。为评价我国杏鲍菇菌株的遗传多样性,加快杏鲍菇遗传育种工作进程,通过比对杏鲍菇已公布的基因组组装数据,开发30~200 bp InDel标记便于常规电泳检测,随机选取合成36对引物对收集自国家食用菌标准菌株库、国内企业和市场的65份杏鲍菇菌株进行验证,筛选出25对有效引物,进行遗传多样性分析并构建UPGMA聚类树。结果表明,65份供试菌株遗传多样性丰富,遗传相似系数最低为0.362,在相似系数0.616时可分为5个类群。展开更多
文摘Mushrooms are recognized as sources of β-glucan. The aim of this study was to purify β-glucan from oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus pulmonarius) by alkaline extraction. The extracted β-glucan was added to a cracker recipe and the sensory, physical and estimated glycemic index of the final product were evaluated. Optimum extraction parameters were determined to be 80˚C, 90 minutes and 30% KOH. The β-glucan crackers had a glycemic index ranging from 88.07 to 67.32, while glucose had a glycemic index of 100. Based on the sensory study, it can be concluded that crackers enriched with β-glucan and possessing functional qualities may meet consumer expectations.
基金Supported by Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXGC2021A33)Key R&D Project of Shandong Province(2018GNC110012)The Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(CARS-20).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to screen high-yield and high-quality strains suitable for promotion and cultivation in Shandong Province in winter and spring,and provide production enterprises with better production strains.[Methods]The clinker bag cultivation method was used to compare the cultivated products of 30 Pleurotus spp.strains,and the data on mycelial growth rate,growth morphology,biological characteristics of fruit bodies and yield were collected for comparison.[Results]Compared with other strains,such four strains as Pinggu 8633,Gaochan 8105,Tekang 650 and Ping 8129 had significantly higher adaptability,higher yield and better marketability.[Conclusions]Pinggu 8633,Gaochan 8105,Tekang 650 and Ping 8129 can be used as the main varieties for winter and spring oyster mushrooms production in Shandong Province.
文摘Oyster mushrooms of genus Pleurotus are well known as valuable edible mushrooms which are broadly cultivated in the world as well as wildly propagated in forests of the temperate climate zones including Russia. Indoor cultivation conditions adapted for a laboratory with non-specialized facilities were suggested for effective solid-state cultivation and fruit bodies’ production of Pleurotus species. Seven of 9 Pleurotus species of different origin produced fruit bodies successfully. The best fructification was shown for species P. sajor-caju, P. ostreatus, and P. pulmonarius with fruit body yields of 74%, 72%, and 61% by dry substrate weight in the first flushing cycle. Fruit bodies appeared in five to 10-day flushes. “Spawn run” stage was completed within 17 to 24 days, the longest colonization stage (26 days) being for the pink oyster, P. djamor. The cultivation parameters proposed in this study can be employed with ease for laboratory and “home” cultivation of oyster mushrooms. The species and strains’ identification was confirmed by restriction analysis of ITS region of rRNA gene cluster. Molecular barcodes based on restriction enzyme (AluI, and BsuRI) profiles of ITS sequences were shown to be applicable for molecular genotyping of Pleurotus species of different origin.
文摘Aim: A simulation experiment was carried out in which oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus?pulmonarius) was grown on used engine oil. This study was designed to evaluate the remnant hydrocarbon in the sporophore (fruiting body) of?Pleurotuspulmonarius?and to assess its suitability for human consumption. Method: The mycelia of the mushroom were used to inoculate Spent Engine Oil (SEO, 10% (v/w)) polluted soil. After four weeks of incubation, fruiting bodies growing on the polluted soil were analyzed for remnant hydrocarbon profile. Results: Results showed that total Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) was 10 mg/kg and Aliphatic Hydrocarbon (AH) was 23 mg/kg. The hydrocarbon profile indicated some AH and PAH were within the non-cancer reference dose while a few others were above the non-cancer daily reference dose range. Conclusion: The detection of some hydrocarbon profile above the non-cancer daily reference dose makes the test-mushroom used for bioremediation not safe for human consumption. This underscores the need for caution in consuming mushrooms found in oil polluted environment.
基金supported by the Foundation of Tianjin University of Science and Technology(No.20120106)The International Science&Technology Cooperation Program of China(No.2013DFA31160)the Foundation of Tianjin Educational Committee(No.20090604)
文摘The incidence of diabetes has increased considerably, and become the third serious chronic disease following cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Though acarbose, metformin, and 1-deoxynojirimycin have good efficacy for clinical application as hypoglycemic drugs, their expensive costs and some degree of side effects have limited their clinical application. Recently, increasing attention has concentrated on the polysaccharides from natural plant and animal sources for diabetes. In order to illustrate the pharmaceutical activity of polysaccharides as natural hypoglycemic agents, polysaccharides isolated from Astragalus, oyster mushroom, and Yacon were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase. Polysaccharides were extracted and purified from Astragalus, Oyster mushroom, and Yacon with hot water at 90 °C for 3 h, respectively. The total sugar content of the polysaccharide was determined by the phenol-sulfuric acid method. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was measured by the glucose oxidase method. The results exhibited that the inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase were in decreasing order, Astragalus > oyster mushroom > Yacon. The α-glucosidase inhibition percentage of Astragalus polysaccharide and oyster mushroom polysaccharide were over 40% at the polysaccharide concentration of 0.4 mg·mL-1. The IC50 of Astragalus polysaccharide and oyster mushroom polysaccharide were 0.28 and 0.424 mg·mL-1, respectively. The information obtained from this work is beneficial for the use polysaccharides as a dietary supplement for health foods and therapeutics for diabetes.
文摘插入/缺失(insertion-deletion,InDel)标记作为快速鉴定品种间遗传多样性的方法之一,因具有对检测设备要求低、简单易行、成本低,且共显性遗传、变异稳定、准确性高、重复性好等特点,在医学、动植物遗传学的群体遗传分析、基因定位及遗传图谱构建等领域被广泛应用。为评价我国杏鲍菇菌株的遗传多样性,加快杏鲍菇遗传育种工作进程,通过比对杏鲍菇已公布的基因组组装数据,开发30~200 bp InDel标记便于常规电泳检测,随机选取合成36对引物对收集自国家食用菌标准菌株库、国内企业和市场的65份杏鲍菇菌株进行验证,筛选出25对有效引物,进行遗传多样性分析并构建UPGMA聚类树。结果表明,65份供试菌株遗传多样性丰富,遗传相似系数最低为0.362,在相似系数0.616时可分为5个类群。
