Although 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-ethylene (p,p′-DDE), the major and most persistent metabolite of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), was continually detected in wild fishes that showed abnormal...Although 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-ethylene (p,p′-DDE), the major and most persistent metabolite of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), was continually detected in wild fishes that showed abnormal gonad development such as intersex, little is known about the impact of p,p′-DDE exposure on gonad development in fishes. To survey the effects of p,p′-DDE on gonadal development and gene expressions, male juvenile (20-d post hatch) Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) was exposed to 1, 5, 20, and 100 μg/L p,p′-DDE for two months. Increased hepatosomatic index (HSI) and decreased gonadosomatic index (GSI) were found in the p,p′-DDE-treated groups. Intersex was found in 100 μg/L p,p′-DDE exposure group, as well as 100 ng/L 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) group. By quantitative real-time RT-PCR, it was found that gene expressions of vitellogenins (VTG-1, VTG-2), choriogenins (CHG-H, CHG-L), and estrogen receptor α (ER-α) in the liver of the fish were significantly up-regulated by p,p′-DDE exposure. VTG-1 and VTG- 2 were recommended as the preferred biomarker for assessing anti-androgenic p,p′-DDE because they were the highest up-regulated among the genes and showed good dose-response relationship. The up-regulated ER-α suggested that a potential synergetic effect would occur when p,p′-DDE coexists with other ER-α-binding endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs).展开更多
利用高分辨气相色谱/高分辨质谱联用仪(HRGC/HRMS)和高分辨气相色谱/低分辨质谱仪(HRGC/LRMS)对实际生物样品中二恶英(polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans,PCDD/Fs)的分析过程中13 C标记的2,3,7,8-四氯代二苯并呋喃(1...利用高分辨气相色谱/高分辨质谱联用仪(HRGC/HRMS)和高分辨气相色谱/低分辨质谱仪(HRGC/LRMS)对实际生物样品中二恶英(polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans,PCDD/Fs)的分析过程中13 C标记的2,3,7,8-四氯代二苯并呋喃(13 C12-2,3,7,8-TCDF)监测碎片离子通道的两个常见干扰峰进行了分析鉴定。通过实际样品分析结果首先推测这两个干扰峰可能为有机氯农药类化合物滴滴涕(DDT)降解产物滴滴伊(DDE)的两个异构体,其次采用DDE的标准溶液(包括o,p′-DDE和p,p′-DDE)进行分析确认。通过HRGC/HRMS的色谱峰分离效果分析、色谱保留时间匹配以及与DDE碎片离子的理论丰度比进行比较,最终确认实际样品分析中的两个干扰峰依次为o,p′-DDE和p,p′-DDE。本文可为生物样品中二恶英的准确识别提供重要参考。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40632009,20607002)the National Basic Research Program(973)of China(No.2007CB407304).
文摘Although 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-ethylene (p,p′-DDE), the major and most persistent metabolite of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), was continually detected in wild fishes that showed abnormal gonad development such as intersex, little is known about the impact of p,p′-DDE exposure on gonad development in fishes. To survey the effects of p,p′-DDE on gonadal development and gene expressions, male juvenile (20-d post hatch) Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) was exposed to 1, 5, 20, and 100 μg/L p,p′-DDE for two months. Increased hepatosomatic index (HSI) and decreased gonadosomatic index (GSI) were found in the p,p′-DDE-treated groups. Intersex was found in 100 μg/L p,p′-DDE exposure group, as well as 100 ng/L 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) group. By quantitative real-time RT-PCR, it was found that gene expressions of vitellogenins (VTG-1, VTG-2), choriogenins (CHG-H, CHG-L), and estrogen receptor α (ER-α) in the liver of the fish were significantly up-regulated by p,p′-DDE exposure. VTG-1 and VTG- 2 were recommended as the preferred biomarker for assessing anti-androgenic p,p′-DDE because they were the highest up-regulated among the genes and showed good dose-response relationship. The up-regulated ER-α suggested that a potential synergetic effect would occur when p,p′-DDE coexists with other ER-α-binding endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs).