Objective: This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic mechanisms of a breast lump resolution detergent in a rat model of breast hyperplasia. Methods: A rat model of breast hyperplasia was esta...Objective: This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic mechanisms of a breast lump resolution detergent in a rat model of breast hyperplasia. Methods: A rat model of breast hyperplasia was established using injections of estradiol benzoate combined with progesterone. The effects of the breast lump resolution detergent on nipple height and diameter in the rat model were observed, along with its impact on serum levels of estradiol (E2), prolactin (PRL), and progesterone (P). Additionally, the study examined the morphological changes in breast tissue. The impact of the breast nodule detergent on blood rheology parameters was also observed. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory effect of the breast nodule detergent was assessed using the cotton ball granuloma experiment, and the analgesic effect was observed using the writhing test. Results: The breast lump resolution detergent reduced nipple height and diameter in the rat model, decreased serum levels of E2, PRL, and P, and alleviated pathological changes in breast tissue. It also lowered hemorheological parameters including whole blood high, medium, and low shear viscosity, plasma viscosity, red blood cell hematocrit, red blood cell aggregation index, red blood cell deformability index, red blood cell electrophoresis time, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in the acute “blood stasis” rat model. The detergent reduced the weight of cotton ball granulomas in mice and decreased the number of writhing episodes caused by acetic acid. Conclusion: The breast lump resolution detergent demonstrates favorable therapeutic effects in treating breast hyperplasia, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, exerting anti-inflammatory properties, and providing analgesic effects. The downregulation of serum E2 and PRL levels and the upregulation of P levels may be critical mechanisms underlying its efficacy.展开更多
Background The development of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)is closely related to hypoxia in the prostatic stroma,and the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α/vascular endothelial growth factor(HIF-1α/VEGF)pathway has bee...Background The development of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)is closely related to hypoxia in the prostatic stroma,and the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α/vascular endothelial growth factor(HIF-1α/VEGF)pathway has been shown to significantly activate in response to hypoxia.The underlying mechanism for activation of this pathway in the pathogenesis of BPH remains unclear.Materials and methods We constructed HIF-1αoverexpression and knockdown BPH stromal(WPMY-1)and epithelial(BPH-1)cell lines,which were cultured under different oxygen conditions(hypoxia,normoxia,and hypoxia+HIF-1αinhibitor).Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)and Western blotting were applied to detect the expression of the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway.Cell proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed by Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry.We used the miRWalk 2.0 database and Western blotting to predict the potential miRNA that selectively targets the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway,and verified the prediction by qPCR and dual-luciferase assays.Results In a BPH stromal cell line(WPMY-1),the expression of VEGF was in accordance with HIF-1αlevels,elevated in the overexpression cells and decreased in the knockdown cells.Hypoxia-induced HIF-1αoverexpression,which could be reversed by a HIF-1αinhibitor.Moreover,the HIF-1αinhibitor significantly depressed cellular proliferation and promoted apoptosis in hypoxic conditions,assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry.However,in the BPH epithelial cell line(BPH-1),the expression level of HIF-1αdid not influence the expression of VEGF.Finally,a potential miRNA,miR-17-5p,regulating the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway was predicted from the miRWalk 2.0 database and Western blotting,and verified by qPCR and dual-luciferase assay.Conclusions In hypoxia,activation of the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation in a BPH stromal cell line.Regulation by miR-17-5p may be the potential mechanism for the activation of this pathway.Regulation of this pathway may be involved in the pathogenesis of BPH.展开更多
The current study was to investigate mRNA expression of cyclin D 2 and p16 during the transition from cardiac myocyte hyperplasia to hypertrophy. Cultured cardiac myocytes (CM) and fibroblasts (FC) obtained from...The current study was to investigate mRNA expression of cyclin D 2 and p16 during the transition from cardiac myocyte hyperplasia to hypertrophy. Cultured cardiac myocytes (CM) and fibroblasts (FC) obtained from 1 day old Sparague Dawley rats were used in this study. We have determined (1) hyperplasia by cell growth curve and fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS); and (2) ultrastructure by electron microscope observation; and (3) expressions of cyclin D 2 mRNA and p16 mRNA by using in situ hybridization and image analysis. The results were shown (1) Results of cell growth curve and FACS analysis showed CM could proliferate in the first 3 cultured days (4 days in postnatal development). But the ability decreased quickly, concomitant with the differentiation. (2) The ultrastructure of CM showed the large amount of myofilaments and mitochondrion and FC showed moderate amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum. (3) The expression of cyclin D 2 mRNA in 3 , 4 , 5 day CM group was 0.89 times(p<0.05), 0.80 times (p<0.05)and 0.56 times (p<0.01)of that in 1 day group respectively. P16 mRNA in 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 day CM group were 1.63 times(p<0.01),1.72 times(p<0.01),1.99 times (p<0.01)and 2.84 times (p<0.01) of that in 1 day group respectively. It can be concluded that cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes could proliferate during the first 3 cultured days, but the ability of proliferation decreased, from the fourth day, concomitant with differentiation. Cyclin D 2 and p16 have the key roles during the transition from myocyte hyperplasia to hypertrophy.展开更多
目的：通过凋膜止崩液对人离体子宫内膜增生症（EH）腺上皮细胞PTEN、Rb2/p130基因表达的影响,探讨其对EH的治疗机理。方法：分离、培养30例原代人子宫内膜增生症（EH）腺上皮细胞并采用CK-19鉴定,将纯化后的腺上皮细胞随机分为4组：空...目的：通过凋膜止崩液对人离体子宫内膜增生症（EH）腺上皮细胞PTEN、Rb2/p130基因表达的影响,探讨其对EH的治疗机理。方法：分离、培养30例原代人子宫内膜增生症（EH）腺上皮细胞并采用CK-19鉴定,将纯化后的腺上皮细胞随机分为4组：空白对照组、凋膜止崩液大剂量组（50μg/mL）、凋膜止崩液中剂量组（25μg/mL）、凋膜止崩液小剂量组（12.5μg/mL）,分别于用药24、48、72 h观察下列指标的变化：四甲基偶氮噻唑兰（MTT）法检测3个时间点各组细胞的增殖率、实时定量聚合酶连反应（RT-PCR）以及Western blot分别检测各组细胞PTEN、Rb2/p130 m RNA及蛋白表达的差异。结果：与空白对照组比较,凋膜止崩液各组腺上皮细胞的增殖率明显降低,且呈时间和剂量依赖性（P〈0.05）;凋膜止崩液组EH腺上皮细胞中PTEN、Rb2/p130 m RNA及蛋白的表达明显增加,与空白对照组相比差异显著（P〈0.05）。结论：凋膜止崩液能明显抑制EH腺上皮细胞的增殖,其抑制作用与上调细胞抑癌基因PTEN、Rb2/p130的表达有关。展开更多
P2X4 and P2X7 receptors play an important role in neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury. Regulation of P2X4 and P2X7 receptors can obviously reduce pain hypersensitivity after injury. To investigate the role of ne...P2X4 and P2X7 receptors play an important role in neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury. Regulation of P2X4 and P2X7 receptors can obviously reduce pain hypersensitivity after injury. To investigate the role of neural stem cell transplantation on P2X receptor-mediated neuropathic pain and explore related mechanisms, a rat model of spinal cord injury was prepared using the free-falling heavy body method with spinal cord segment 10 as the center. Neural stem cells were injected into the injured spinal cord segment using a micro-syringe. Expression levels of P2X4 and P2X7 receptors, neurofilament protein, and glial fibrillary acidic protein were determined by immunohistochemistry and western blot assay. In addition, sensory function was quantitatively assessed by current perception threshold. The Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan locomotor rating scale was used to assess neuropathological pain. The results showed that 4 weeks after neural stem cell transplantation, expression of neurofilament protein in the injured segment was markedly increased, while expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and P2X4 and P2X7 receptors was decreased. At this time point, motor and sensory functions of rats were obviously improved, and neuropathic pain was alleviated. These findings demonstrated that neural stem cell transplantation reduced overexpression of P2X4 and P2X7 receptors, activated locomotor and sensory function reconstruction, and played an important role in neuropathic pain regulation after spinal cord injury. Therefore, neural stem cell transplantation is one potential option for relieving neuropathic pain mediated by P2X receptors.展开更多
Objective： To detect the changes of p16 and FHIT and investigate their relationship in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma development by measuring their expression levels in normal squamous epithelium tissue, mild, m...Objective： To detect the changes of p16 and FHIT and investigate their relationship in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma development by measuring their expression levels in normal squamous epithelium tissue, mild, moderate, severe dysplasia lesions, carcinoma in situ and invasive squamous cell carcinomas. Methods： Expressions of p16 protein and FHIT protein were detected and analyzed in 17 cases of normal squamous epithelium, 16 cases of mild dysplasia, 16 cases of moderate dysplasia, 17 cases of severe dysplasia, 10 cases of carcinoma in situ, and 18 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by immunohistochemical method. Results： With increasing histopathologic grades, the expressions of pl6 and FHIT became gradually lower. There was no remarkable difference of p16 and FHIT expressions between the normal and mild dysplasia group （P〉0.05）, but the differences between the normal and other groups were all significant （P〈0.05）. There was no remarkable difference among the squamous cell carcinoma group, the moderate and severe dysplasia groups, and the carcinoma in situ group （P〉0.05）, but significant differences existed in the expressions of p16 and FHIT proteins between the squamous cell carcinoma and the normal groups, and between the squamous cell carcinoma and the mild dysplasia groups （P〈0.05）. There was an association of descending trend between p16 and FHIT protein expressions. Conclusion： Reduced expressions of pl6 and/or FHIT proteins possible play an important role in the early occurrence of esophageal cancer. There was a positive correlation between the expressions of p16 and FHIT proteins.展开更多
BACKGROUND 17α-Hydroxylase deficiency(17-OHD)is a rare form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia,characterized by hypertension,hypokalemia,and gonadal dysplasia.However,due to the lack of a comprehensive understanding o...BACKGROUND 17α-Hydroxylase deficiency(17-OHD)is a rare form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia,characterized by hypertension,hypokalemia,and gonadal dysplasia.However,due to the lack of a comprehensive understanding of this disease,it is prone to misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis,and there is no complete cure.CASE SUMMARY We report a female patient with 17-OHD.The patient was admitted to the Department of Neurology of our hospital due to limb weakness.During treatment,it was found that the patient’s condition was difficult to correct except for hypokalemia,and her blood pressure was difficult to control with various antihypertensive drugs.She was then transferred to our department for further treatment.On physical examination,the patient's gonadal development was found to be abnormal,and chromosome analysis demonstrated karyotype 46,XY.Considering the possibility of 17-OHD,the cytochrome P450 family 17 subfamily A member 1(CYP17A1)test was performed to confirm the diagnosis.CONCLUSION The clinical manifestations of 17-OHD are complex.Hormone determination,imaging examination,chromosome determination and CYP17A1 gene test are helpful for early diagnosis.展开更多
文摘Objective: This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic mechanisms of a breast lump resolution detergent in a rat model of breast hyperplasia. Methods: A rat model of breast hyperplasia was established using injections of estradiol benzoate combined with progesterone. The effects of the breast lump resolution detergent on nipple height and diameter in the rat model were observed, along with its impact on serum levels of estradiol (E2), prolactin (PRL), and progesterone (P). Additionally, the study examined the morphological changes in breast tissue. The impact of the breast nodule detergent on blood rheology parameters was also observed. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory effect of the breast nodule detergent was assessed using the cotton ball granuloma experiment, and the analgesic effect was observed using the writhing test. Results: The breast lump resolution detergent reduced nipple height and diameter in the rat model, decreased serum levels of E2, PRL, and P, and alleviated pathological changes in breast tissue. It also lowered hemorheological parameters including whole blood high, medium, and low shear viscosity, plasma viscosity, red blood cell hematocrit, red blood cell aggregation index, red blood cell deformability index, red blood cell electrophoresis time, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in the acute “blood stasis” rat model. The detergent reduced the weight of cotton ball granulomas in mice and decreased the number of writhing episodes caused by acetic acid. Conclusion: The breast lump resolution detergent demonstrates favorable therapeutic effects in treating breast hyperplasia, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, exerting anti-inflammatory properties, and providing analgesic effects. The downregulation of serum E2 and PRL levels and the upregulation of P levels may be critical mechanisms underlying its efficacy.
基金the financial support granted from the Shandong Province Key Research and Development Projects(no.2016GSF201147)the Science and Technology Development Program of Jinan(no.201704127).
文摘Background The development of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)is closely related to hypoxia in the prostatic stroma,and the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α/vascular endothelial growth factor(HIF-1α/VEGF)pathway has been shown to significantly activate in response to hypoxia.The underlying mechanism for activation of this pathway in the pathogenesis of BPH remains unclear.Materials and methods We constructed HIF-1αoverexpression and knockdown BPH stromal(WPMY-1)and epithelial(BPH-1)cell lines,which were cultured under different oxygen conditions(hypoxia,normoxia,and hypoxia+HIF-1αinhibitor).Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)and Western blotting were applied to detect the expression of the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway.Cell proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed by Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry.We used the miRWalk 2.0 database and Western blotting to predict the potential miRNA that selectively targets the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway,and verified the prediction by qPCR and dual-luciferase assays.Results In a BPH stromal cell line(WPMY-1),the expression of VEGF was in accordance with HIF-1αlevels,elevated in the overexpression cells and decreased in the knockdown cells.Hypoxia-induced HIF-1αoverexpression,which could be reversed by a HIF-1αinhibitor.Moreover,the HIF-1αinhibitor significantly depressed cellular proliferation and promoted apoptosis in hypoxic conditions,assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry.However,in the BPH epithelial cell line(BPH-1),the expression level of HIF-1αdid not influence the expression of VEGF.Finally,a potential miRNA,miR-17-5p,regulating the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway was predicted from the miRWalk 2.0 database and Western blotting,and verified by qPCR and dual-luciferase assay.Conclusions In hypoxia,activation of the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation in a BPH stromal cell line.Regulation by miR-17-5p may be the potential mechanism for the activation of this pathway.Regulation of this pathway may be involved in the pathogenesis of BPH.
文摘The current study was to investigate mRNA expression of cyclin D 2 and p16 during the transition from cardiac myocyte hyperplasia to hypertrophy. Cultured cardiac myocytes (CM) and fibroblasts (FC) obtained from 1 day old Sparague Dawley rats were used in this study. We have determined (1) hyperplasia by cell growth curve and fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS); and (2) ultrastructure by electron microscope observation; and (3) expressions of cyclin D 2 mRNA and p16 mRNA by using in situ hybridization and image analysis. The results were shown (1) Results of cell growth curve and FACS analysis showed CM could proliferate in the first 3 cultured days (4 days in postnatal development). But the ability decreased quickly, concomitant with the differentiation. (2) The ultrastructure of CM showed the large amount of myofilaments and mitochondrion and FC showed moderate amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum. (3) The expression of cyclin D 2 mRNA in 3 , 4 , 5 day CM group was 0.89 times(p<0.05), 0.80 times (p<0.05)and 0.56 times (p<0.01)of that in 1 day group respectively. P16 mRNA in 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 day CM group were 1.63 times(p<0.01),1.72 times(p<0.01),1.99 times (p<0.01)and 2.84 times (p<0.01) of that in 1 day group respectively. It can be concluded that cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes could proliferate during the first 3 cultured days, but the ability of proliferation decreased, from the fourth day, concomitant with differentiation. Cyclin D 2 and p16 have the key roles during the transition from myocyte hyperplasia to hypertrophy.
文摘目的：通过凋膜止崩液对人离体子宫内膜增生症（EH）腺上皮细胞PTEN、Rb2/p130基因表达的影响,探讨其对EH的治疗机理。方法：分离、培养30例原代人子宫内膜增生症（EH）腺上皮细胞并采用CK-19鉴定,将纯化后的腺上皮细胞随机分为4组：空白对照组、凋膜止崩液大剂量组（50μg/mL）、凋膜止崩液中剂量组（25μg/mL）、凋膜止崩液小剂量组（12.5μg/mL）,分别于用药24、48、72 h观察下列指标的变化：四甲基偶氮噻唑兰（MTT）法检测3个时间点各组细胞的增殖率、实时定量聚合酶连反应（RT-PCR）以及Western blot分别检测各组细胞PTEN、Rb2/p130 m RNA及蛋白表达的差异。结果：与空白对照组比较,凋膜止崩液各组腺上皮细胞的增殖率明显降低,且呈时间和剂量依赖性（P〈0.05）;凋膜止崩液组EH腺上皮细胞中PTEN、Rb2/p130 m RNA及蛋白的表达明显增加,与空白对照组相比差异显著（P〈0.05）。结论：凋膜止崩液能明显抑制EH腺上皮细胞的增殖,其抑制作用与上调细胞抑癌基因PTEN、Rb2/p130的表达有关。
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China,No.ZR2014HM046(to ZCZ),ZR2015HL113(to XJD),and ZR2014HL101(to XYW)the Science and Technology Development Project of Taian City of China,No.2015NS2183(to XJD)
文摘P2X4 and P2X7 receptors play an important role in neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury. Regulation of P2X4 and P2X7 receptors can obviously reduce pain hypersensitivity after injury. To investigate the role of neural stem cell transplantation on P2X receptor-mediated neuropathic pain and explore related mechanisms, a rat model of spinal cord injury was prepared using the free-falling heavy body method with spinal cord segment 10 as the center. Neural stem cells were injected into the injured spinal cord segment using a micro-syringe. Expression levels of P2X4 and P2X7 receptors, neurofilament protein, and glial fibrillary acidic protein were determined by immunohistochemistry and western blot assay. In addition, sensory function was quantitatively assessed by current perception threshold. The Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan locomotor rating scale was used to assess neuropathological pain. The results showed that 4 weeks after neural stem cell transplantation, expression of neurofilament protein in the injured segment was markedly increased, while expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and P2X4 and P2X7 receptors was decreased. At this time point, motor and sensory functions of rats were obviously improved, and neuropathic pain was alleviated. These findings demonstrated that neural stem cell transplantation reduced overexpression of P2X4 and P2X7 receptors, activated locomotor and sensory function reconstruction, and played an important role in neuropathic pain regulation after spinal cord injury. Therefore, neural stem cell transplantation is one potential option for relieving neuropathic pain mediated by P2X receptors.
基金This project was supported by Hebei significant Topic of Tackle Key Problems Grant (No. 03276198D) Hebei Technology Program Item Grant (No. 032761100D-1).
文摘Objective： To detect the changes of p16 and FHIT and investigate their relationship in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma development by measuring their expression levels in normal squamous epithelium tissue, mild, moderate, severe dysplasia lesions, carcinoma in situ and invasive squamous cell carcinomas. Methods： Expressions of p16 protein and FHIT protein were detected and analyzed in 17 cases of normal squamous epithelium, 16 cases of mild dysplasia, 16 cases of moderate dysplasia, 17 cases of severe dysplasia, 10 cases of carcinoma in situ, and 18 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by immunohistochemical method. Results： With increasing histopathologic grades, the expressions of pl6 and FHIT became gradually lower. There was no remarkable difference of p16 and FHIT expressions between the normal and mild dysplasia group （P〉0.05）, but the differences between the normal and other groups were all significant （P〈0.05）. There was no remarkable difference among the squamous cell carcinoma group, the moderate and severe dysplasia groups, and the carcinoma in situ group （P〉0.05）, but significant differences existed in the expressions of p16 and FHIT proteins between the squamous cell carcinoma and the normal groups, and between the squamous cell carcinoma and the mild dysplasia groups （P〈0.05）. There was an association of descending trend between p16 and FHIT protein expressions. Conclusion： Reduced expressions of pl6 and/or FHIT proteins possible play an important role in the early occurrence of esophageal cancer. There was a positive correlation between the expressions of p16 and FHIT proteins.
文摘BACKGROUND 17α-Hydroxylase deficiency(17-OHD)is a rare form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia,characterized by hypertension,hypokalemia,and gonadal dysplasia.However,due to the lack of a comprehensive understanding of this disease,it is prone to misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis,and there is no complete cure.CASE SUMMARY We report a female patient with 17-OHD.The patient was admitted to the Department of Neurology of our hospital due to limb weakness.During treatment,it was found that the patient’s condition was difficult to correct except for hypokalemia,and her blood pressure was difficult to control with various antihypertensive drugs.She was then transferred to our department for further treatment.On physical examination,the patient's gonadal development was found to be abnormal,and chromosome analysis demonstrated karyotype 46,XY.Considering the possibility of 17-OHD,the cytochrome P450 family 17 subfamily A member 1(CYP17A1)test was performed to confirm the diagnosis.CONCLUSION The clinical manifestations of 17-OHD are complex.Hormone determination,imaging examination,chromosome determination and CYP17A1 gene test are helpful for early diagnosis.
