Discretized Multisplitting AOR Waveform Relaxation Algorithms for Initial Value Problem of Systems of ODEs

The multisplitting algorithm for solving large systems of ordinary differential equations on parallel computers was introduced by Jeltsch and Pohl in [1]. On fixed time intervals conver gence results could be derived if the subsystems are solving exactly.Firstly,in theis paper,we deal with an extension of the waveform relaxation algorithm by us ing multisplittin AOR method based on an overlapping block decomposition. We restricted our selves to equidistant timepoints and dealed with the case that an implicit integration method was used to solve the subsystems numerically in parallel. Then we have proved convergence of multi splitting AOR waveform relaxation algorithm on a fixed window containing a finite number of timepoints.

Correlation of the slope of the initial part of P-wave envelope,hypocenter depth and plate boundary

We investigated correlation of the slope of the initial part of P-wave envelope, hypocenter depth and plate boundaries by B-Δ method, which is used to determine epicentral distances in the Japan Meteorological Agency and Japan Railway Company earthquake early warning(EEW) systems. The Tohoku region was chosen as the study region. 19,899 strong motion data for 265 events with magnitudes in the range from 5.0 to 7.6 from KiK-net(Kiban Kyoshin network) had been collected. The coefficient c to investigate is obtained from the linear relation between log B and log Δ. Compared to the hypocenter depth, the coefficients c of events is more likely to decide by the spatial correlation of the plate boundaries. The differences are likely to be due to earthquake characteristics, since deeper events in the subducting slabs the structural effects are likely to be larger than or comparable to those for shallow crust events.

Propagation of P-and S-waves in initially stressed gravitating half space

The present paper contributes in studying the phase velocities of P- and S-waves in a half space subjected to a compressive initial stress and gravity field. The density and acceleration due to gravity vary quadratically along the depth. The dispersion equation is derived in a closed form. It is shown that the phase velocities depend not only on the initial stress, gravity, and direction of propagation but also on the inhomogeneity parameter associated with the density and acceleration due to gravity. Various particular cases are obtained, and the results match with the classical results. Numerical investigations on the phase velocities of P- and S-waves against the wave number are made for various sets of values of the material parameters, and the results are illustrated graphically. The graphical user interface model is developed to generalize the effect.

初相捷变波形优化设计与信号处理方法研究

捷变波形具备一定的距离和速度模糊抑制能力,同时兼具优良的低截获和抗干扰性能,为雷达系统提供了新的信号处理维度。初相捷变波形相对简单,工程实现难度小,为实现波形设计和信号处理闭环,本文开展了初相捷变波形优化设计与信号处理方法研究。首先,介绍了初相捷变波形的距离选通特性,进而构建了基于距离选通特性的初相捷变波形优化设计模型,并通过Majorization-Minimization算法和牛顿法进行求解。所提算法可采用平方迭代法加快收敛速度,经仿真验证,与随机产生的初相捷变波形相比,所提算法可以显著改善优化后初相捷变波形的距离选通特性。其次,基于初相捷变波形的抗折叠杂波性能,探讨了基于距离选通特性的自适应杂波抑制算法,即利用初相捷变波形空时维导向矢量的距离选通特点,实现分距离段杂波抑制,使得近距主副瓣杂波不会折叠到远距离段,经仿真与实测数据验证,所提算法在强杂波环境下具备良好的远距低速目标探测能力。最后,研究了基于距离选通和交替反演的干扰抑制算法,利用远距支援干扰滞后于目标回波的特点,并基于初相捷变波形的距离选通特性,通过距离段间交替投影实现干扰与目标回波的分距离段重构,经仿真验证,所提算法可以实现对远距支援干扰的有效抑制。

Effects of loading waveforms on rock damage using particle simulation method

The particle simulation method is used to study the effects of loading waveforms （i.e. square, sinusoidal and triangle waveforms） on rock damage at mesoscopic scale. Then some influencing factors on rock damage at the mesoscopic scale, such as loading frequency, stress amplitude, mean stress, confining pressure and loading sequence, are also investigated with sinusoidal waveform in detail. The related numerical results have demonstrated that： 1） the loading waveform has a certain effect on rock failure processes. The square waveform has the most damage within these waveforms, while the triangle waveform has less damage than sinusoidal waveform. In each cycle, the number of microscopic cracks increases in the loading stage, while it keeps nearly constant in the unloading stage. 2） The loading frequency, stress amplitude, mean stress, confining pressure and loading sequence have considerable effects on rock damage subjected to cyclic loading. The higher the loading frequency, stress amplitude and mean stress, the greater the damage the rock accumulated; in contrast, the lower the confining pressure, the greater the damage the rock has accumulated. 3） There is a threshold value of mean stress and stress amplitude, below which no further damage accumulated after the first few cycle loadings. 4） The high-to-low loading sequence has more damage than the low-to-high loading sequence, suggesting that the rock damage is loading-path dependent.

Study of full waveform inversion based on L-BFGS algorithm

Full waveform inversion size of full waveform inversion will and the limitation of full waveform is mainly used to obtain high resolution velocity models of subsurface. The lead to a gigantic computation cost. Under the available computer resource inversion, the authors propose L-BFGS algorithm as the optimization method to solve this problem. In order to demonstrate the flexibility of the method, three different numerical experi- ments have been done to analyze the properties of full waveform inversion based on L-BFGS.

多瞬时属性联合全波形反演方法研究

全波形反演(FWI)在实际中难以得到精度较高的深层速度模型,作者提出了一种基于一阶近似指数频率的时间域声波FWI方法来提高深层反演结果,但依然存在部分低频成分的缺失的问题。为此,本文利用瞬时振幅低频和保幅的优势为一阶近似指数频率的时间域声波FWI方法解决部分低频成分的缺失的问题,并形成了一套多瞬时属性联合反演流程。模型测试证明了该方法的可行性和有效性。

基于图像特征的输电线路故障行波存续性判别

故障行波波头的持续存在是输电线路行波测距和行波保护等得以实施的关键。实际中存在弱故障,现有行波测距与保护缺乏自动判别故障初始波头是否存在和持续,导致行波装置产生错误结果。针对该问题,该文基于初始浪涌波形图像特征及行波在输电线路往复传播规律,提出一种输电线路故障行波波头存续性的判别方法。首先分析了故障行波波头阶跃性和后续行波的产生规律,进而提出构造与初始波头具有良好紧密型的包围盒,计算包围盒内故障行波和外切线构成面积与整个包围盒面积的饱和度,由饱和度判定初始波头的存在。进而对存在初始行波波头的情况,基于后续波头到达时序、波头幅值、斜率等相对特征,实现后续行波持续性判别。大量仿真和现场实测数据表明,该方法能够可靠判定故障行波的存续性,有效避免波头不存在的情况下行波装置的误动。

基于地震波形相似的地质统计学反演方法

地震随机反演方法由于井间数据缺失,反演结果的横向连续性较差。且反演效率低、反演结果随机性强。为此,我们提出基于地震波形约束的地质统计学反演方法。用地震数据的相关系数来衡量地震波形的相似程度,代替传统的变差函数进行序贯高斯模拟。在贝叶斯框架下,结合地震数据的约束,利用马尔科夫链-蒙特卡洛(Markov Chain Monte Carlo,MCMC)算法对模拟结果进行随机扰动和全局寻优,获得优化的参数反演结果。模型测试结果表明,基于地震波形约束的初始模型较为精确地刻画了地下储层的空间结构。对其进行迭代优化可以加快马尔科夫链的收敛速度,有效提高反演结果的精度。本文将提出的地质统计学反演方法用于某油田实际地震数据,在随机模拟过程和目标函数的约束中,充分挖掘了地震波形蕴含的地质信息,并为实现多数据联合约束地震反演提供了理论依据。

Windowing Waveform Relaxation of Initial Value Problems

We present a windowing technique of waveform relaxation for dynamic systems. An effective estimation on window length is derived by an iterative error expression provided here. Relaxation processes can be speeded up if one takes the windowing technique in advance. Numerical experiments are given to further illustrate the theoretical analysis.

全波形反演中非精确线性搜索方法研究

全波形反演是一个非线性数据拟合过程,以反演迭代的方式来获取地下高精度模型参数。其中,更新步长的选取影响整个反演过程的计算效率和反演结果的精度。非精确线性搜索方法是求取更新步长的有效方法,其不要求目标函数达到精确最小,利用判断条件和初始步长得到合适的更新量即可,不依赖目标函数的形式,具有较大发展潜力。本文首先对数学上求解最优化问题中经典的Armijo判断条件、Wolfe判断条件以及Goldstein判断条件在地震数据全波形反演中的应用效果展开研究。Overthrust模型测试证明Armijo判断条件和Goldstein判断条件收敛性相似,计算效率高,对全波形反演具有更好的适用性。同时,在全波形反演中使用Adaptive Barzilai-Borwein(ABB)方法,充分利用模型参数变化量和梯度变化量自适应地计算初始步长。此外,本文对ABB初始步长计算方法中的阈值展开研究,探索适用于全波形反演方法的阈值范围。模型测试验证了ABB初始步长计算方法的有效性,且其阈值小于0.5时全波形反演效果最好。

全波形反演配套技术及应用

在研究区A区块的海洋浅水三维拖缆数据的全波形反演(FWI)应用中发现,输入数据低频端的信噪比低、初始速度模型的精度低等严重制约了全波形反演效果。为此,利用Fresnel层析速度模型在浅层精度高的特点,在浅层将其与均方根速度模型融合,从而解决在浅层由于近炮检距覆盖次数低造成的初始速度模型精度低的问题;利用Cadzow滤波、KL滤波等去噪手段精细处理低频噪声,通过对实际数据与模型数据的互相关质控优化FWI起始频段,有效提高了全波形反演精度。通过FWI建立了准确的速度模型,提高了Kirchhoff叠前深度偏移的成像质量。

微差爆破的波形叠加作用分析

在分析纵波、横波和面波传播速度差异的基础上,进行均质介质中的单孔爆破振动测试,研究爆破地震波时程曲线上纵波、横波和面波因初至时刻随传播距离的增加而不同所具有的分离特性;再进行深孔台阶微差爆破振动效应试验,分析微差爆破地震波的段间叠加特性。结果表明,微差爆破相邻段别的地震波形随传播距离的增加而相互接近、叠加,从而提出确定微差爆破合理间隔时间应考虑距离因素的观点。

频率域全波形反演中关于复频率的研究

Laplace-Fourier域全波形反演可以利用简单的初始模型,从缺失低频信息的地震数据中得到长波长速度模型.Laplace-Fourier域全波形反演等价于本文的复频率全波形反演,但二者的实现方式不同,因此研究复频率全波形反演,可以为二者的对比研究并发展更有效的方法奠定重要基础.本文首先比较用线性增加模型作为初始模型时几个包含不同高低频成分的频率组的反演效果,再比较结合复频率之后各个频率组的反演效果,从简单模型和复杂模型的测试中都可以看出这种复频率+频率反演的方式对反演效果有明显改善.

主动模拟肺平台的设计和研究

对主动模拟肺平台进行了调查研究,发现现有的主动模拟肺平台存在算法复杂、价格昂贵等缺点。针对以上不足,设计了一款可用于呼吸机综合测试的主动模拟肺平台。该平台通过在运动控制器上设置呼吸频率、潮气量等呼吸参数,计算相关参数并向直线电机驱动器发送相应的脉冲指令,由直线电机带动麻醉机风箱气囊活塞做往复运动,以模拟人体正常生理及疾病状态时的各种呼吸。经过Certifier FA Plus气流分析仪的测试,主动模拟肺平台可以用于模拟人体的各种呼吸状况。该平台具有良好的可扩展性,可用于临床医学和呼吸机的综合测试。

飞片起爆条件下聚能杆式侵彻体成型数值模拟

聚能杆式侵彻体主要用来对付新型防护装甲和混凝土工事、武装直升机和大型水面舰艇等目标。要获得比较理想的聚能杆式侵彻体,其设计的关键是药型罩材料、药型罩几何结构和爆轰波波形控制等。采用VESF起爆系统来控制爆轰波波形,通过调节VESF起爆系统参数,计算聚能杆式侵彻体成型,计算结果表明,采用VESF起爆系统能杆式侵彻体头部速度提高了21.7%,与实验结果相比,侵彻体头部速度误差为4.1%,侵彻体尾部速度误差为8.1%左右,形成的侵彻体形态相同,实验结果与数值计算基本一致。

细砂岩阶段蠕应变特征与粘滞性试验研究

对细砂岩试样进行单轴短时加卸载蠕变试验,得到轴向和径向蠕变试验曲线。对轴向和径向蠕变第Ⅰ、Ⅱ阶段的试验曲线分别进行Kelvin-Voigt模型和Burgers模型拟合,得到粘滞系数。粘滞系数-加载应力关系普遍符合扩展的正弦衰减(阻尼)波形函数,表明岩石的粘滞系数是变量,岩石材料的蠕变过程本质为非定常蠕变。细砂岩发生的总蠕应变平均占瞬态应变值的比例较低,其总体蠕变特性不明显,但稳态阶段的径向蠕应变率平均值是轴向蠕应变率平均值的3.6倍。细砂岩初期蠕应变量及稳态阶段蠕应变量随加载应力水平提高而增加,证明其粘性流动度呈递增趋势。

连续波脉冲器压力波发生与优化研究

针对连续波脉冲发生器压力波发生过程,基于流体力学数值仿真方法研究了压力波发生原理,优化压力波的波形特征。研究结果表明:随转子往复摆动连续波脉冲器上、下游分别产生连续的压力波与流量波,连续波脉冲器压降曲线则是在流量波动条件下随转子开度变化的压降曲线;转子初始相位角与终止相位角对压力波波形与幅值影响很大,增大转子初始相位角可以大幅改善波形,增大转子终止相位角可以大幅提高幅值;综合优化转子初始相位角与终止相位角可以同时改善压力波波形与幅值特征。研究内容对改善连续波脉冲器信号传输特性及现场应用具有重要意义。

地下爆破精确延时逐孔起爆减振试验研究

为了有效控制地下爆破振动效应,改善岩石破碎效果,根据地下矿山实际生产条件,采用高精度高强度数码电子雷管,开展了精确延时逐孔起爆的现场试验研究,并运用MATLAB18.0对振动时程信号进行振动波形分析。由波形矢量合成分析结果可知,孔间延期时间为25 ms的振动速度峰值比延期时间为15 ms、20 ms、30 ms和35 ms的逐孔起爆依次降低了27%、8%、29%和52%;排间延期时间为75 ms时振动速度峰值比排间延期时间为25 ms、125 ms和200 ms的单排炮孔起爆依次降低了28%、26%和23%。由此可见,本试验条件下孔间延期时间与排间延期时间分别为25 ms和75 ms时,能够有效降低爆破振动强度。

新结构传爆药柱多点起爆数值模拟及实验研究

根据冲击波汇聚技术原理及有效装药理论,设计出环锥形传爆药装药结构。用ANSYS/LY-DYNA软件分析起爆点个数对环锥形传爆药柱输出波形的影响,并用多点同步起爆网络起爆环锥形传爆药柱进行实验验证。结果表明,利用多点同步起爆网络起爆环锥形传爆药柱能有效提高传爆药柱的输出威力,起爆点个数对爆轰波形有很大的影响。