We report the fabrication and photocatalytic property of a composite of C/CaFe2O4nanorods(NRs)in an effort to reveal the influence of carbon modification.It is demonstrated that the photocatalytic degradation activity...We report the fabrication and photocatalytic property of a composite of C/CaFe2O4nanorods(NRs)in an effort to reveal the influence of carbon modification.It is demonstrated that the photocatalytic degradation activity is dependent on the mass ratio of C to CaFe2O4.The optimal carbon content is determined to be58wt%to yield a methylene blue(MB)degradation rate of0.0058min.1,which is4.8times higher than that of the pristine CaFe2O4NRs.The decoration of carbon on the surface of CaFe2O4NRs improves its adsorption capacity of the MB dye,which is specifically adsorbed on the surface as a monolayer according to the adsorption isotherm analysis.The trapping experiments of the reactive species indicate that superoxide radicals(.O2)are the main active species responsible for the removal of MB under visible‐light irradiation.Overall,the unique feature of carbon coating enables the efficient separation and transfer of photogenerated electrons and holes,strengthens the adsorption capacity of MB,and improves the light harvesting capability,hence enhancing the overall photocatalytic degradation of MB.展开更多
BACKGROUND： At present, central cholinergic neuron system is regarded the most major structural basis of cognitive function. Changes in structure of cholinergic neuron system of brain and receptor expression after br...BACKGROUND： At present, central cholinergic neuron system is regarded the most major structural basis of cognitive function. Changes in structure of cholinergic neuron system of brain and receptor expression after brain injury can cause cognitive impairment. OBJECTIVE＂ To comparatively observe the intelligence quotient （IQ）, latent period and wave amplitude of P300 event-related potential and the difference of activity of acetylcholinesterase （ACHE） in blood and cerebrospinal fluid between patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and with non-diabetes mellitus, and analyze the correlation of IQ of cognitive impairment patients with diabetes mellitus with AChE activity, latent period and wave amplitude of P300 event-related potential in cerebrospinal fluid. DESIGN： Correlation analysis of contrast observation SETTING： Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College PARTICIPANTS： Totally 32 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received the treatment in the Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College between April 2004 and April 2005 were recruited, serving as diabetes mellitus group. They, including 19 male and 13 female, aged 49 to 73 years, with disease course of 4 to 11 years, all met the diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus revised by World Health Organization in 1999. Another 30 patients with non-diabetes mellitus who homeochronously underwent lumbar anesthesia in the Department of Surgery and Department of Gynecology were recruited, serving as non-diabetes mellitus group. The 30 patients included 18 male and 12 female, and their age ranged from 46 to 71 years. Informed consents of detected items were obtained from the involved patients. METHODS： ① Evaluation,on IQ： The IQ of involved subjects was evaluated with Chinese Version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale revised by Gong Yao-xian （WAIS-RC）. WAIS-RC included 6 verbal subscales and 5 performance subscales. The test scores of the 11 subscales integrated into the scores of the whole scale, and the scores on the WAIS-RC included verbal IQ （VlQ）, performance IQ （PIQ） and full scale IQ （FIQ）. FIQ ≤79 scores indicated low IQ and FIQ≤69 indicated intelligence impairment. ② Detection of P300 wave： P300 wave was detected with evoked potential instrument （MYTOPRO, Italian）, and data of latent period and amplitude of P300 event-related potential were automatically shown by computer. ③ Detection of AChE activity in blood and cerebrospinal fluid： Activity of AChE of blood and cerebrospinal fluid was measured with biochemical methods by using CORNING-560 autoanalyzer.④Correlation analysis： Correlation of FIQ with AChE of cerebrospinal fluid and P300 wave of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was analyzed, t test was used in intergroup comparison and linear correlation analysis for relevant treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： ① Comparison of IQ, latent period and wave amplitude of P300 wave as well as the activity of AChE between two groups. ② Analysis on the correlation of FIQ of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with AChE of cerebrospinal fluid and P300 wave. RESULTS： Thirty-two patients with diabetes mellitus and 30 non-diabetes mellitus participated in the result analysis. ①Comparison of IQ, latent period and wave amplitude of P300 wave as well as the activity of AChE between two groups： The scores of VIP, PIQ and FIQ of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were （97.4±10.4）. （92.6±8.4） and （95.2±9.7） scores, respectively; and those of patients with non-diabetes mellitus were （104.7±9.6）, （102.5±8.5）and（102.7±8.9） scores, respectively, and P 〈 0.05-0.01 was set in intergroup comparison. The latent period of P300 wave at points Fz , Cz and Pz of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was （370.8±41.8）.（371.5±39.1）and （375.1±43.1） ms, respectively, and that of patients with non-diabetes mellitus was （ 332.1 ±28.3 ）, （335.7 ±29.4）and （339.7 ±27.3） ms, respectively, and P 〈 0.01 was set in intergroup comparison; Wave amplitude of P300 of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was （8.6±4.1）,（8.6±4.0） and （7.7±4.0） μV, respectively and that of patients with non-diabetes mellitus was （11.9±4.1）,（11.5±4.4） and （10.9±5.0） μV, respectively , and P 〈 0.05-0.01 was set in intergroup comparison; The level of AChE in blood and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was （235.61 ±50.34）and （17.89±4.46） μkat/L, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of patients with non-diabetes mellitus [（205.03±44.15）and （14.63±0.48） μkat /L, respectively], and P 〈 0.05-0.01 was set in the intergroup comparison. ② Correlation of FIQ value of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with AChE of cerebrospinal fluid and P300 wave： The value of FIQ was significantly negatively correlated with the AChE activity of cerebrospinal fluid （r=-0.588 1, P 〈 0.01 ）, significantly negatively correlated with the latent period at points Fz. C and Pz of P300 wave （r= -0.700 5, -0.689 4, -0.688 5, P 〈 0.01 ）, and significantly positively correlated with the amplitude at points Fz . Cz and Pz of P300 wave（r= 0.607 4,0.616 1,0.592 0,P 〈 0.01 ）. CONCLUSION： ① Cognitive impairment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus might be related to the increase of activity of AChE in cerebrospinal fluid. ②Combined application of examination of P300 wave and evaluation of IQ is more useful in deciding the state of cognitive function of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.展开更多
在众多Na离子电池正极材料中,P2型层状氧化物因其优异的动力学性能受到研究者们的广泛关注。在P2型层状氧化物材料中,Na离子有2种不同的位点,即Na_(e)和Na_(f)。由于配位环境的差异,Na离子在不同位点间的迁移行为不同。本工作提出通过...在众多Na离子电池正极材料中,P2型层状氧化物因其优异的动力学性能受到研究者们的广泛关注。在P2型层状氧化物材料中,Na离子有2种不同的位点,即Na_(e)和Na_(f)。由于配位环境的差异,Na离子在不同位点间的迁移行为不同。本工作提出通过调控材料中Na含量的策略实现了对同一过渡金属组分材料的/Na_(f)位点占位比的优化。研究发现,与Na_(0.45)Ni_(0.1)Mn_(0.9)O_(2)和Na_(0.65)Ni_(0.1)Mn_(0.9)O_(2)相比,具有更高Na_(e)/Na_(f)位点占比值的Na_(0.55)Ni_(0.1)Mn_(0.9)O_(2)材料表现出最为优异的电化学性能,其电化学曲线平滑,在0.2 C (1 C=173 m A·g^(-1))的倍率下容量高达174.5 m A·h·g^(-1),在3 C,循环200次容量保持率高达92.95%,10 C的高倍率下仍能发挥83.6 mA·h·g^(-1)的容量,该策略为设计高性能P2型钠电正极材料打开了新的思路。展开更多
采用共沉淀法制备碳酸盐前驱体,通过高温固相反应制备Na+掺杂的富锂锰基正极材料Li1.2-xNaxNi0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2(x=0,0.01,0.02,0.04,0.08).X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析表明,x≤0.04时为层状富锂锰基材料的α-NaFeO 2六方相结构...采用共沉淀法制备碳酸盐前驱体,通过高温固相反应制备Na+掺杂的富锂锰基正极材料Li1.2-xNaxNi0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2(x=0,0.01,0.02,0.04,0.08).X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析表明,x≤0.04时为层状富锂锰基材料的α-NaFeO 2六方相结构,Na掺杂量过大时颗粒表面出现团聚絮状物并发现第二相—P2型层状氧化物.电化学测试发现适量的Na掺杂可提高材料的比容量、倍率和循环性能;掺杂量为0.02时电化学性能最佳:在2.0~4.6 V充放电,Li 1.18 Na 0.02 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 Mn 0.54 O 2在0.1 C放电比容量为273.4 mAh/g,首次库伦效率为93.1%,1C循环100次后容量超过200 mAh/g,保持率为84.3%.离子半径较大的Na+占据Li位,起到柱撑作用,稳定了结构,增大了层间距,利于Li^+扩散;此外,材料表面形成的P2型层状氧化物能够减缓层状结构向尖晶石结构的转变,从而提高了电化学性能.展开更多
The substitution of elements has attracted great interest to enhance the electrochemical properties of sodium-ion batteries(SIBs).Herein,the P2-Na0.67Co0.35Ti0.20Mn0.45-xLaxO2 electrode samples were prepared via a sol...The substitution of elements has attracted great interest to enhance the electrochemical properties of sodium-ion batteries(SIBs).Herein,the P2-Na0.67Co0.35Ti0.20Mn0.45-xLaxO2 electrode samples were prepared via a solid-state route.The effect of La3+substitution was researched as high-rate SIBs cathode.The Na0.67Co0.35Ti0.20Mn0.44La0.01O2 exhibits a superior initial specific capacity of 162.7 and 125.9 mA h/g after50 cycles at 0.1 C rate,and the initial specific discharge capacity of 115.2 mA h/g with 60.6%capacity retention after 100 cycles at 1 C In addition,the Na0.67Co0.35Ti0.20Mn0.44La0.01O2 sample shows an excellent rate capacity of 91.9 and 60.4 mA·h/g with 46.9%and 50.9%capacity retentions even at 8 C and 10 C rate after100 cycles,respectively.The promising La-substituted P2-type Na0.67Co0.35Ti0.20Mn0.45-xLaxO2 material provides a new strategy for designing high-rate performance of SIBs.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21503100)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(20161BAB213071,20151BAB213010)+1 种基金Project of Education Department of Jiangxi Province(GJJ150325)Sponsored Program for Cultivating Youths of Outstanding Ability in Jiangxi Normal University~~
文摘We report the fabrication and photocatalytic property of a composite of C/CaFe2O4nanorods(NRs)in an effort to reveal the influence of carbon modification.It is demonstrated that the photocatalytic degradation activity is dependent on the mass ratio of C to CaFe2O4.The optimal carbon content is determined to be58wt%to yield a methylene blue(MB)degradation rate of0.0058min.1,which is4.8times higher than that of the pristine CaFe2O4NRs.The decoration of carbon on the surface of CaFe2O4NRs improves its adsorption capacity of the MB dye,which is specifically adsorbed on the surface as a monolayer according to the adsorption isotherm analysis.The trapping experiments of the reactive species indicate that superoxide radicals(.O2)are the main active species responsible for the removal of MB under visible‐light irradiation.Overall,the unique feature of carbon coating enables the efficient separation and transfer of photogenerated electrons and holes,strengthens the adsorption capacity of MB,and improves the light harvesting capability,hence enhancing the overall photocatalytic degradation of MB.
基金the Grants from Department of Education of Shandong Province, No.J02K11
文摘BACKGROUND： At present, central cholinergic neuron system is regarded the most major structural basis of cognitive function. Changes in structure of cholinergic neuron system of brain and receptor expression after brain injury can cause cognitive impairment. OBJECTIVE＂ To comparatively observe the intelligence quotient （IQ）, latent period and wave amplitude of P300 event-related potential and the difference of activity of acetylcholinesterase （ACHE） in blood and cerebrospinal fluid between patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and with non-diabetes mellitus, and analyze the correlation of IQ of cognitive impairment patients with diabetes mellitus with AChE activity, latent period and wave amplitude of P300 event-related potential in cerebrospinal fluid. DESIGN： Correlation analysis of contrast observation SETTING： Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College PARTICIPANTS： Totally 32 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received the treatment in the Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College between April 2004 and April 2005 were recruited, serving as diabetes mellitus group. They, including 19 male and 13 female, aged 49 to 73 years, with disease course of 4 to 11 years, all met the diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus revised by World Health Organization in 1999. Another 30 patients with non-diabetes mellitus who homeochronously underwent lumbar anesthesia in the Department of Surgery and Department of Gynecology were recruited, serving as non-diabetes mellitus group. The 30 patients included 18 male and 12 female, and their age ranged from 46 to 71 years. Informed consents of detected items were obtained from the involved patients. METHODS： ① Evaluation,on IQ： The IQ of involved subjects was evaluated with Chinese Version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale revised by Gong Yao-xian （WAIS-RC）. WAIS-RC included 6 verbal subscales and 5 performance subscales. The test scores of the 11 subscales integrated into the scores of the whole scale, and the scores on the WAIS-RC included verbal IQ （VlQ）, performance IQ （PIQ） and full scale IQ （FIQ）. FIQ ≤79 scores indicated low IQ and FIQ≤69 indicated intelligence impairment. ② Detection of P300 wave： P300 wave was detected with evoked potential instrument （MYTOPRO, Italian）, and data of latent period and amplitude of P300 event-related potential were automatically shown by computer. ③ Detection of AChE activity in blood and cerebrospinal fluid： Activity of AChE of blood and cerebrospinal fluid was measured with biochemical methods by using CORNING-560 autoanalyzer.④Correlation analysis： Correlation of FIQ with AChE of cerebrospinal fluid and P300 wave of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was analyzed, t test was used in intergroup comparison and linear correlation analysis for relevant treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： ① Comparison of IQ, latent period and wave amplitude of P300 wave as well as the activity of AChE between two groups. ② Analysis on the correlation of FIQ of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with AChE of cerebrospinal fluid and P300 wave. RESULTS： Thirty-two patients with diabetes mellitus and 30 non-diabetes mellitus participated in the result analysis. ①Comparison of IQ, latent period and wave amplitude of P300 wave as well as the activity of AChE between two groups： The scores of VIP, PIQ and FIQ of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were （97.4±10.4）. （92.6±8.4） and （95.2±9.7） scores, respectively; and those of patients with non-diabetes mellitus were （104.7±9.6）, （102.5±8.5）and（102.7±8.9） scores, respectively, and P 〈 0.05-0.01 was set in intergroup comparison. The latent period of P300 wave at points Fz , Cz and Pz of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was （370.8±41.8）.（371.5±39.1）and （375.1±43.1） ms, respectively, and that of patients with non-diabetes mellitus was （ 332.1 ±28.3 ）, （335.7 ±29.4）and （339.7 ±27.3） ms, respectively, and P 〈 0.01 was set in intergroup comparison; Wave amplitude of P300 of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was （8.6±4.1）,（8.6±4.0） and （7.7±4.0） μV, respectively and that of patients with non-diabetes mellitus was （11.9±4.1）,（11.5±4.4） and （10.9±5.0） μV, respectively , and P 〈 0.05-0.01 was set in intergroup comparison; The level of AChE in blood and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was （235.61 ±50.34）and （17.89±4.46） μkat/L, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of patients with non-diabetes mellitus [（205.03±44.15）and （14.63±0.48） μkat /L, respectively], and P 〈 0.05-0.01 was set in the intergroup comparison. ② Correlation of FIQ value of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with AChE of cerebrospinal fluid and P300 wave： The value of FIQ was significantly negatively correlated with the AChE activity of cerebrospinal fluid （r=-0.588 1, P 〈 0.01 ）, significantly negatively correlated with the latent period at points Fz. C and Pz of P300 wave （r= -0.700 5, -0.689 4, -0.688 5, P 〈 0.01 ）, and significantly positively correlated with the amplitude at points Fz . Cz and Pz of P300 wave（r= 0.607 4,0.616 1,0.592 0,P 〈 0.01 ）. CONCLUSION： ① Cognitive impairment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus might be related to the increase of activity of AChE in cerebrospinal fluid. ②Combined application of examination of P300 wave and evaluation of IQ is more useful in deciding the state of cognitive function of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
文摘在众多Na离子电池正极材料中,P2型层状氧化物因其优异的动力学性能受到研究者们的广泛关注。在P2型层状氧化物材料中,Na离子有2种不同的位点,即Na_(e)和Na_(f)。由于配位环境的差异,Na离子在不同位点间的迁移行为不同。本工作提出通过调控材料中Na含量的策略实现了对同一过渡金属组分材料的/Na_(f)位点占位比的优化。研究发现,与Na_(0.45)Ni_(0.1)Mn_(0.9)O_(2)和Na_(0.65)Ni_(0.1)Mn_(0.9)O_(2)相比,具有更高Na_(e)/Na_(f)位点占比值的Na_(0.55)Ni_(0.1)Mn_(0.9)O_(2)材料表现出最为优异的电化学性能,其电化学曲线平滑,在0.2 C (1 C=173 m A·g^(-1))的倍率下容量高达174.5 m A·h·g^(-1),在3 C,循环200次容量保持率高达92.95%,10 C的高倍率下仍能发挥83.6 mA·h·g^(-1)的容量,该策略为设计高性能P2型钠电正极材料打开了新的思路。
文摘采用共沉淀法制备碳酸盐前驱体,通过高温固相反应制备Na+掺杂的富锂锰基正极材料Li1.2-xNaxNi0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2(x=0,0.01,0.02,0.04,0.08).X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析表明,x≤0.04时为层状富锂锰基材料的α-NaFeO 2六方相结构,Na掺杂量过大时颗粒表面出现团聚絮状物并发现第二相—P2型层状氧化物.电化学测试发现适量的Na掺杂可提高材料的比容量、倍率和循环性能;掺杂量为0.02时电化学性能最佳:在2.0~4.6 V充放电,Li 1.18 Na 0.02 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 Mn 0.54 O 2在0.1 C放电比容量为273.4 mAh/g,首次库伦效率为93.1%,1C循环100次后容量超过200 mAh/g,保持率为84.3%.离子半径较大的Na+占据Li位,起到柱撑作用,稳定了结构,增大了层间距,利于Li^+扩散;此外,材料表面形成的P2型层状氧化物能够减缓层状结构向尖晶石结构的转变,从而提高了电化学性能.
文摘The substitution of elements has attracted great interest to enhance the electrochemical properties of sodium-ion batteries(SIBs).Herein,the P2-Na0.67Co0.35Ti0.20Mn0.45-xLaxO2 electrode samples were prepared via a solid-state route.The effect of La3+substitution was researched as high-rate SIBs cathode.The Na0.67Co0.35Ti0.20Mn0.44La0.01O2 exhibits a superior initial specific capacity of 162.7 and 125.9 mA h/g after50 cycles at 0.1 C rate,and the initial specific discharge capacity of 115.2 mA h/g with 60.6%capacity retention after 100 cycles at 1 C In addition,the Na0.67Co0.35Ti0.20Mn0.44La0.01O2 sample shows an excellent rate capacity of 91.9 and 60.4 mA·h/g with 46.9%and 50.9%capacity retentions even at 8 C and 10 C rate after100 cycles,respectively.The promising La-substituted P2-type Na0.67Co0.35Ti0.20Mn0.45-xLaxO2 material provides a new strategy for designing high-rate performance of SIBs.
