Here,we used reverse transcription-PCR(RT-PCR) and western blot to detect protease-activated receptor(PAR) 1,PAR 2 and PAR 4 expression in cancer tissues and cell lines of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,and invest...Here,we used reverse transcription-PCR(RT-PCR) and western blot to detect protease-activated receptor(PAR) 1,PAR 2 and PAR 4 expression in cancer tissues and cell lines of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,and investigated the co-relationship between PAR expression and clinic-pathological data for esophageal cancer.The methylation of PAR4 gene promoter involved in esophageal carcinoma was also analyzed.By comparing the mRNA expressions of normal esophageal tissue and human esophageal epithelial cells(HEEpiC),we found that among the 28 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,PAR1(60%) and PAR2(71%) were elevated in 17 and 20 cases,respectively,and PAR4(68%) expression was lowered in 19 cases.Whereas,in human esophageal squamous cells(TE-1 and TE-10),PAR1 and PAR2 expression was increased but PAR4 was decreased.Combined with clinical data,the expression of PAR1 in poorly differentiated(P=0.016) and middle and lower parts of the esophagus(P=0.016) was higher; expression of PAR4 in poorly differentiated carcinoma was lower(P=0.049).Regarding TE-1 and TE-10 protein expression,we found that in randomized esophageal carcinoma,PAR1(P=0.027) and PAR2(P=0.039) expressions were increased,but lowered for PAR4(P=0.0001).In HEEpiC,TE-1,TE-10,esophageal and normal esophagus tissue samples(case No.7),the frequency of methylation at the 19 CpG loci of PAR4 was 35.4%,95.2%,83.8%,62.6% and 48.2%,respectively.Our results indicate that the expression of PAR1 and PAR2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is increased but PAR4 is decreased.Hypermethylation of the promoter of the PAR4 gene may contribute to reduced expression of PAR4 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.展开更多
Because neurons are susceptible to oxidative damage and thioredoxin reductase 1 is extensively distributed in the central nervous system and has antioxidant properties, we speculated that the enzyme may be involved in...Because neurons are susceptible to oxidative damage and thioredoxin reductase 1 is extensively distributed in the central nervous system and has antioxidant properties, we speculated that the enzyme may be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. A Parkinson's disease model was produced by intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine into C57BL/6 mice. Real-time reverse transcription-PCR, western blot analysis and colorimetric assay showed that the levels of thioredoxin reductase 1 mRNA and protein were decreased, along with a significant reduction in thioredoxin reductase activity, in the midbrain of Parkinson's disease mice compared with normal mice. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the number of thioredoxin reductase 1-positive neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta of Parkinson's disease mice was significantly decreased compared with normal mice. These experimental findings suggest that the expression of thioredoxin reductase 1 in the substantia nigra pars compacta of Parkinson's disease mice is significantly decreased, and that the enzyme may be associated with disease onset.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Foundation of China(81160302)the Major Research Project of Yunnan Province(2011FZ109)Research project of Yunnan Education Bureau(2014Y153)
文摘Here,we used reverse transcription-PCR(RT-PCR) and western blot to detect protease-activated receptor(PAR) 1,PAR 2 and PAR 4 expression in cancer tissues and cell lines of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,and investigated the co-relationship between PAR expression and clinic-pathological data for esophageal cancer.The methylation of PAR4 gene promoter involved in esophageal carcinoma was also analyzed.By comparing the mRNA expressions of normal esophageal tissue and human esophageal epithelial cells(HEEpiC),we found that among the 28 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,PAR1(60%) and PAR2(71%) were elevated in 17 and 20 cases,respectively,and PAR4(68%) expression was lowered in 19 cases.Whereas,in human esophageal squamous cells(TE-1 and TE-10),PAR1 and PAR2 expression was increased but PAR4 was decreased.Combined with clinical data,the expression of PAR1 in poorly differentiated(P=0.016) and middle and lower parts of the esophagus(P=0.016) was higher; expression of PAR4 in poorly differentiated carcinoma was lower(P=0.049).Regarding TE-1 and TE-10 protein expression,we found that in randomized esophageal carcinoma,PAR1(P=0.027) and PAR2(P=0.039) expressions were increased,but lowered for PAR4(P=0.0001).In HEEpiC,TE-1,TE-10,esophageal and normal esophagus tissue samples(case No.7),the frequency of methylation at the 19 CpG loci of PAR4 was 35.4%,95.2%,83.8%,62.6% and 48.2%,respectively.Our results indicate that the expression of PAR1 and PAR2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is increased but PAR4 is decreased.Hypermethylation of the promoter of the PAR4 gene may contribute to reduced expression of PAR4 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, No. lzujbky-2011-83Project of the International Cooperation and Communion Department of Chinese Education Ministry (46th batch)the Science Foundation of Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, No. GSKFKT-0804
文摘Because neurons are susceptible to oxidative damage and thioredoxin reductase 1 is extensively distributed in the central nervous system and has antioxidant properties, we speculated that the enzyme may be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. A Parkinson's disease model was produced by intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine into C57BL/6 mice. Real-time reverse transcription-PCR, western blot analysis and colorimetric assay showed that the levels of thioredoxin reductase 1 mRNA and protein were decreased, along with a significant reduction in thioredoxin reductase activity, in the midbrain of Parkinson's disease mice compared with normal mice. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the number of thioredoxin reductase 1-positive neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta of Parkinson's disease mice was significantly decreased compared with normal mice. These experimental findings suggest that the expression of thioredoxin reductase 1 in the substantia nigra pars compacta of Parkinson's disease mice is significantly decreased, and that the enzyme may be associated with disease onset.