Connectivity-based Cortical Parcellation via Contrastive Learning on Spatial-Graph Convolution

Objective.Objective of this work is the development and evaluation of a cortical parcellation framework based on tractography-derived brain structural connectivity.Impact Statement.The proposed framework utilizes novel spatial-graph representation learning methods for solving the task of cortical parcellation,an important medical image analysis and neuroscientific problem.Introduction.The concept of“connectional fingerprint”has motivated many investigations on the connectivity-based cortical parcellation,especially with the technical advancement of diffusion imaging.Previous studies on multiple brain regions have been conducted with promising results.However,performance and applicability of these models are limited by the relatively simple computational scheme and the lack of effective representation of brain imaging data.Methods.We propose the Spatial-graph Convolution Parcellation(SGCP)framework,a two-stage deep learning-based modeling for the graph representation brain imaging.In the first stage,SGCP learns an effective embedding of the input data through a self-supervised contrastive learning scheme with the backbone encoder of a spatial-graph convolution network.In the second stage,SGCP learns a supervised classifier to perform voxel-wise classification for parcellating the desired brain region.Results.SGCP is evaluated on the parcellation task for 5 brain regions in a 15-subject DWI dataset.Performance comparisons between SGCP,traditional parcellation methods,and other deep learning-based methods show that SGCP can achieve superior performance in all the cases.Conclusion.Consistent good performance of the proposed SGCP framework indicates its potential to be used as a general solution for investigating the regional/subregional composition of human brain based on one or more connectivity measurements.

Shape Analysis of Agricultural Parcels for Land Consolidation Priorities in Tekirdag Province,Turkey

Shape irregularity,a sub-factor of parcel fragmentation is a problem that hinders sustainable agriculture and is solved using land consolidation projects.Determination of the parcel shape degree contributes significantly to spatial prioritization where there is also a high probability of achieving positive effects of consolidation projects.This study aims to determine the shape degree of the agricultural parcels both at singular and rural county scales in Tekirdag Province,Turkey in 2020 by combining the parcel shape index(PSI) with the minimum bounding geometry index(MBG) to improve parcel scores.Hot-spot zones of the highly irregular and near optimum parcels were also determined using Getis-Ord G_(i)^(*) statistic.The parcel degrees were classified into four categories,namely highly irregular,irregular,regular and near optimum.The obtained unweighted scores of the parameters exhibit deviations from the expected values.After weighting by pairwise comparison,the values approached ideal scores.Among 346 740 parcels,53% were highly irregular and irregular and 47% were regular and near optimum shapes after weighting whereas these were 70% and 30%,respectively before weighting.The average parcel degree of 63 rural counties was regular while the average parcel degree of the remaining 264 rural counties was irregular.The combined use of PSI and MBG index improved the correctness of the parcel shape score.It could be suggested to use as a tool in land consolidation prioritization.

Joint Multi-modal Parcellation of the Human Striatum:Functions and Clinical Relevance

The human striatum is essential for both lowand high-level functions and has been implicated in the pathophysiology of various prevalent disorders,including Parkinson's disease(PD)and schizophrenia(SCZ).It is known to consist of structurally and functionally divergent subdivisions.However,previous parcellations are based on a single neuroimaging modality,leaving the extent of the multi-modal organization of the striatum unknown.Here,we investigated the organization of the striatum across three modalities—resting-state functional connectivity,probabilistic diffusion tractography,and structural covariance—to provide a holistic convergent view of its structure and function.We found convergent clusters in the dorsal,dorsolateral,rostral,ventral,and caudal striatum.Functional characterization revealed the anterior striatum to be mainly associated with cognitive and emotional functions,while the caudal striatum was related to action execution.Interestingly,significant structural atrophy in the rostral and ventral striatum was common to both PD and SCZ,but atrophy in the dorsolateral striatum was specifically attributable to PD.Our study revealed a cross-modal convergent organization of the striatum,representing a fundamental topographical model that can be useful for investigating structural and functional variability in aging and in clinical conditions.

Cloudera Manager扩展MariaDB服务的方法研究

大数据平台的优点在于能够快速处理超出单机能力的数据,平台中的数据仓库不仅具备存储功能,还兼具离线式的数据处理和分析能力。然而,数据仓库在服务响应方面效率不高,并且事务处理支持较弱,因此许多企业仍采用传统关系数据库提供查询和联机事务处理服务。Cloudera Manager管理的CDH可以动态扩展数据仓库,但不能部署关系数据库,为突破这局限性,以MariaDB为研究对象,并利用Cloudera Manager的扩展能力引入MariaDB parcel应用包和CSD管理包用来实现对其部署和管理。最终,经过实际验证,通过Cloudera Manager可视化动态部署和监控管理MariaDB服务是完全可行的,这为关系数据库服务的扩展奠定了基础。

Abandoned land identification in karst mountain area based on time series SAR characteristics at geo-parcels scale

Mapping abandoned land is very important for accurate agricultural management.However,in karst mountainous areas,continuous high-resolution optical images are difficult to obtain in rainy weather,and the land is fragmented,which poses a great challenge for remote sensing monitoring of agriculture activities.In this study,a new method for identifying abandoned land is proposed:firstly,a few Google Earth images are used to transform arable land into accurate vectorized geo-parcels;secondly,a time-series data set was constructed using Sentinel-1A Alpha parameters for 2020 on each farmland geoparcel;thirdly,the semi-variation function(SVF)was used to analyze the spatial-temporal characteristics,then identify abandoned land.The results show:(1)On the basis of accurate spatial information and boundary of farmland land,the SAR time-series dataset reflects the structure and time-series response.abandoned land with an accuracy of 80.25%.The problem of remote sensing monitoring in rainy regions and complex surface areas is well-resolved.(2)The spatial heterogeneity of abandoned land is more obvious than that of cultivated land within geoparcels.The step size for significant changes in the SVF of abandoned land is shorter than that of cultivated land.(3)The SVF time sequence curve presented a strong peak feature when farmland was abandoned.This reveals that the internal spatial structure of abandoned land is more disordered and complex.It showed that time-series variations of spatial structure within cultivated land have broader applications in remote sensing monitoring of agriculture in complex imaging environments.

The dual choice of geodetic horizontal reference systems for Ukraine

Almost all European countries use at least two horizontal reference systems, which allow them to minimize all risks when changing the coordinate system. The first system is used for the needs of the national survey in general, and also for technical applications in engineering surveys. A brief description of this system can be written by the formula: Geocentric Ellipsoid(GRS80) + Projection(UTM). More than half of the European countries for the second national systems use the GRS80 geocentric ellipsoid together with a projection other than UTM, some of them continue to use the projection of the old coordinate systems. The rest of the countries, excluding Ukraine, adapted the existing national coordinate systems to modern requirements, removing deformations from them concerning the ETRS89. A small number of European countries have implemented the GRS80 geocentric ellipsoid together with the UTM projection for cadastral surveys and topographic maps with a scale of 1:5000 and larger. Only one country, Ukraine, chose a variant for the new coordinate system(UCS2000), which is briefly written by the formula: Old Not Geocentric Ellipsoid + New Projection. The analysis of modern coordinate systems of Europe made it possible to formulate two variants of the future coordinate system of Ukraine based on a geocentric ellipsoid. It is shown that the transition to a geocentric ellipsoid will change the coordinates and heights of the points, but practically will not change the distance between the points and the area of the parcels.

德国铁路公司与DHL合作模式研究

德国铁路公司和德国快递企业DHL于2005年合作利用铁路运送快件,并取得了良好的合作效果。双方合作的成功实施主要依赖于运输设备的良好改进、智能化信息追踪系统的采用、列车时刻的合理安排及货场的科学选址;通过合作,强化了DHL承担社会责任的形象,提升了德国铁路公司和DHL的服务水平,推进了德国铁路公司的现代物流建设进程;在分析合作背景、合作方式及合作效果的基础上,得出结论:公铁联运是铁路公司和快递企业实现双赢的重要途径,合理的物流园区规划有助于推动多种运输方式顺畅衔接并保证货物高效中转,压缩运输时限、发展集装化运输是创新铁路运输组织的关键。

高性能并行PIM系统中Parcels通信机制研究

基于Processor-in-Memory(PIM)技术的高性能并行系统具有可扩展性、自适应性、鲁棒性和低功耗等特性.借助于Parcels通信机制,并行PIM系统可以实现消息驱动的计算,重叠计算与通信,降低通信系统对细粒度并行应用的影响,可充分利用PIM的内部带宽和应用局部性.文章对并行PIM系统中采用的Parcels通信机制及其特点、Parcels通信模型,以及Parcels的典型应用系统进行了着重介绍,对存在的问题进行了分析并指出了进一步的研究方向.

将Android平台的RIL层移植到基于LINUX的通用平台的研究与实现

本文通过对Android RIL层代码分析,将android RIL层功能在纯LINUX平台上实现,完全脱离了Android系统。为基于LINUX的通用平台实现一套成熟的RIL层代码,并开发出相应的框架层,以便基于LINUX的平台能快速成熟的向3G网络发起相关业务。在OpenWrt系统上验证了移植后的RIL层代码正常工作。

On the Development of Meso-Scale Heavy Rain Parcels in China

Heavy rains occur in China frequently, which often bring us floods and serious disasters in the summer half-year. The meso-scale heavy rain parcels (MHRP) in the mid-latitude are usually developed in following cases:I.By the approaching, meeting and / or overlapping of different weather systems, when two or more different rainfall systems are getting to conjugate, some MHRPs could be developed, such as: 1) a new cold/warm front or squall line approaches an old front or squall, even when the old one is somewhat decrepit; 2) at the places where two or more synoptic systems with different characteristics are meeting together, such as the meeting of tropical cyclone with the cold airs coming from the mid- and / or high-latitudes, or the low latitude vortex meeting with the westerly trough; 3) at the intersections of some different weather systems, such as the intersection of drylines, squall lines or fronts moving from different directions; and 4) by the overlapping of rainfall parcels produced

Building a Geodatabase for Parcel and Cadaster Mapping and Add-Ins Development: A Case Study for Defense Housing Authority (DHA), Lahore, Pakistan

This paper presents a systematic view of most up-to-date tools, technologies and techniques which is appropriate not only for effective decision making, but also helpful for competent administration to provide efficient resolution for spatial troubles of Khasra and Parcel management. Different Data collection techniques have been applied on different data sources. Worldview II of 0.5 resolution image, scanned Master Plan and Cadastral/Khasra Maps was used for development of geodatabase for spatial and non-spatial entities using ArcGIS 10.2. Multiple processing on Satellite Imagery using ERDAS Imagine was performed like Image enhancement, Mosaicking and Color Balancing, Image Geo-referencing and Raster Cataloging. Development of Customize Graphical User Interface (GUI) for DHA’s officials and administrator makes efficient decision in society matters. This is the first spatial GUI, for DHA to plan and maintain society’s activities efficiently, in the form of ArcMap Add-Ins. These Add-Ins are written in C#.Net using ArcObjects APIs within MSVS 2012.

Parcels Delivered in 2019 to Reach 60 Billion

The State Post Bureau(SPB)predicts that the volume of parcels delivered this year will reach 60 billion,a 20 percent year-onyear growth.

Alarm on Invasion of Harmful Organisms Via Postal Parcels

In recent years,with the rapid development of cross-border e-commerce,international postal parcels have been increasing sharply,thus giving rise to a new way for alien biological invasion.According to the"animal and plant quarantine information platform"of the General Adminis-tration of Customs,postal inspection system intercepted a total of 4975 harmful organisms nationwide.There were 219 quarantine organisms,including 142 insects,27 weeds,12 nematodes,29 fungi,1 bacterium and 8 viruses.Insects accounted for 64.84%of the quarantine organisms,among which Hypothenemus hampei had the highest interception frequency.Up to 71.36%of those harmful organisms were from seedlings,yet47.31%organisms came from products exported from India.These analyses indicate the direction of future portal quarantine work and lay a theoret-ical foundation for better guarding the biological security.

Electromagnetism, Blood Flow and Coagulation

There is a lot of uncertainty in the theory of hemodynamics. The amount of work need to displace the blood in the systemic circulation, exceeds the work done by the left ventricle. With this, blood recovers increased flow resistance between the heartbeats with the Womersley number alterations in the rhythm of the accompanying electrocardiogram (ECG). Viscoelastic transformation is heavily expressed in coagulation. There must be a relationship between the ECG and blood transient flow resistance. The influence of the electromagnetic field on blood coagulation was studied. Venous blood was affected by the oscillated electromagnetic field (500 - 5000 Hz), with the square wave input signal in 25 healthy individuals (15 males, 10 females in the age 18 - 57 years). Electromagnetic irradiation (EMI) time of the sample 3 - 10 min. Hypocoagulation in normal blood samples was revealed (decreased quantity of Platelets up to 10 - 23 × 109/L, Prothrombin index up to 9% - 10%, Fibrinogen concentration up to 0.20 - 0.21 g/L) and thrombolysis after the blood stasis. Ac electric field from the myocardial depolarization initiates electroacoustic phenomena. An emerging repulsing electromagnetic force acts on the red blood cells (RBC) and in addition to the pulse pressure from the heart, promotes blood motion and viscoelastic changes. The alterations of the blood inertial and elasticity, in addition to hemodynamics, are facilitated by the magnetic features of the hemoglobin. The external electromagnetic signal can manage the blood coagulation process, including thrombolysis.

A Uniform Parcel Delivery System Based on IoT

Nowadays, many different kinds of delivery companies transport their own kinds of parcels and offer their own services, which have caused a lot waste of resources. In addition, the volume of parcels in all cities that need to be delivered has been grown dramatically. To cope with these problems, a uniform parcel delivery system in a smart city which can offer service to all kinds of customers in the city including manufactures, department stores, restaurants, individual people and so forth was designed. This system uses IoT (Internet of Things) and RFID technology, combining computer network technology, wireless communication and cloud computing. With this system, the whole package delivery process including classification of packages, vehicle scheduling, path planning, transportation monitoring can be intellectualized as well as managed automatically, and the use of both material resources and manpower resources can be reduced accordingly.

Role of Atmospheric Boundary Layer(ABL)Height and Ventilation Coefficient on Urban Air Quality--A study based on Observations and NWP Model

Air pollution is an issue of great concern in any urban region due to its serious health implications.The capital of India,New Delhi continues to be in the list of most polluted cities since 2014.The air quality of any region depends on the ability of dispersion of air pollutants.The height or depth of the atmospheric boundary layer(ABL)is one measure of dispersion of air pollutants.Ventilation coefficient is another crucial parameter in determining the air quality of any region.Both of these parameters are obtained over Delhi from the operational global numerical weather prediction(NWP)model of National Centre for Medium Range Weather forecasting(NCMRWF)known as NCMRWF Unified Model(NCUM).The height of ABL over Delhi,is also obtained from radiosonde observations using the parcel method.A good agreement is found between the observed and predicted values of ABL height.The maximum height of ABL is obtained during summer season and minimum is obtained in winter season.High values of air pollutants are found when the values of ABL height and ventilation coefficient are low.

Formalizing Land Administration through E-Governance Mechanism in Sri Lanka

This paper proposes a comprehensive and practical approach to implement a land administration act in Sri Lanka followed by setting up a Land Administration Commission (LAC), which is a separate entity to maintain a Land Administration Database Management System in support of the land information collected and maintained by stakeholders who deal with matters related to land and its decision-making under e-governance concept. Also, It describes the operations of the four core functions: land tenure, land valuation, land use, and land development in land administration under a single sustainable national land policy, underpinned by spatial information under the e-Governance mechanism. Further, the paper identifies the stakeholders and their main responsibilities in each of the four core functions with the current issues in sharing information across stakeholders. Finally, the paper describes setting up a Land administration entity thereby empowering the LAC and introduces spatial information layers at different resolution levels in a centralized land administration spatial database to keep track of all land transactions carried out by each stakeholder. This approach will enable the top-level decision-making authority (the central level) to manage all land-related activities under one platform to contribute towards the sustainable land development of the country. It is proposed to implement this approach as a pilot activity in the district of Colombo and expand it in the entire country gradually with its output.

Summary of Animal and Plant Quarantine Objects in the Imported Parcels and X-ray Pattern Identification

The quantity of the imported parcels in China has increased rapidly,becoming an important means for criminals to hide the prohibited animal and plant quarantine objects.The x-ray applied to the port of post inspection can speed up inspection and better protect the ecological safety of China by mastering its method of judging animal and plant quarantine objects.