Antibiotic resistance assessment in bacteria isolated in migratory Passeriformes transiting through the Metaponto territory(Basilicata,Italy)

Background: Wild birds are considered to be reservoirs of human enteric pathogens and vectors of antimicrobial resistance dissemination in the environment.During their annual migration,they play a potential role in the epidemiology of human associated zoonoses.The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of microorganisms found in the cloaca of common European passerines.Methods: One hundred and twenty-one cloacal swabs were collected during a monitoring program of migratory birds in the Forest Reserve for Protection "Metaponto"(Basilicata,Italy).All samples were cultured using standard bacteriological methods and antibiotic susceptibility testing(agar disk diffusion test) of isolated strains was performed.Results: The bacteriological analysis produced 122 strains belonging to 18 different species.The most commonly isolated species were Enterobacter cloacae and Providencia rettgeri(21 strains,17.2%).Potentially pathogenic species including Klebsiella pneumoniae,Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas spp.have also been identified.Isolates showed significant frequencies of antimicrobial resistance.The highest frequency of resistance was observed against amoxicillin(n = 79,64.8%);ampicillin(n = 77,63.1%);rifampicin(n Thirty-one strains(25.4%) showed resistance to imipenem a= 75,61.5%);amoxicillin–clavulanic acid(n nd 8(6.6%) to meropenem.= 66,54.1%).Conclusions: Migratory birds play an important role in the ecology,circulation and dissemination of potentially pathogenic antimicrobial resistant organisms.They can therefore be considered sentinel species and environmental health indicators.Our results suggest that the integration of epidemiological surveillance networks during ringing campaigns of wild species can be an effective tool to study this phenomenon.

SULL'ALIMENTAZIONE DI DIECI SPECIE DI PASSERIFORMES IN ITALIA

Dalla determinazione dei contenuti stomacali è stata studiata I’alimentazione insettivoradi dieci differenti specie di Passeriformi di provenienza italiana: Prispolone, Scricciolo, Pettirosso, Paglia-rolo, Capinera, Lui piccolo, Codibugnolo, Cinciallegra, Rigogolo ed Averla cenerina. On the feeding of ten species of Passeriformes in Italy. The feeding of ten different speciesof Passeriformes from Italy was studied thanks to identification of Insects and other Arthropoda foundin their stomach contents. The species examined are: Anthus trivialis, Troglodytes troglodytes, Erithacusrubecula, Acrocephalus paludicola, Sylvia atricapilla, Phylloscopus collybita, Aegithalos caudatus, Parusmajor, Oriolus oriolus and Lanius minor.

Plastic use by a Brazilian freshwater bird species in its nesting activities

Here we report the use of plastics by Chrysomus ruficapillus(Vieillot,1819)(Passeriformes:Icteridae),popularly known as“Garibaldi”,in its nesting activities.The phenomenon was registered on October 17,2020 near Furnas reservoir,upper Paran
a River Basin,in Minas Gerais,southeastern Brazil.We also discuss the possible negative effects-e.g.,asphyxiation,entanglement-for C.ruficapillus using plastic materials in nesting activities.Finally,we call attention to the need for further investigations about similar events in other Brazilian watersheds.