The impact of short-term changes in sleeping and eating patterns on glucometabolic health and gut microbiota in healthy young adults: a proof-of-concept controlled feeding study

Epidemiological studies showed that night workers are at higher risk of developing chronic metabolic diseases.However,no study has investigated the changes in circadian rhythms caused by a combined effect of sleep and diet in a real-life setting on cardiometabolic health,gut microbiota,and psychological status in healthy people.A 4-week step-wise misaligned-realigned controlled-feeding trial with a 2×2 factorial design(sleep and diet)was conducted on healthy young adults.At first,subjects experienced a one-week circadian rhythm misalignment with a high-fat fast-food diet,extended eating window,and delayed sleep schedules,then gradually transited to a complete circadian rhythm realignment with a high-fiber balanced diet,8-h timerestricted eating,and normal sleep schedules.Circadian rhythm misalignment led to significantly higher levels of fasting glucose and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)of subjects compared to baseline and failed to recover to the baseline level in circadian rhythm realignments.Notably,the incremental area under the curve(iAUC)of postprandial glucose decreased with circadian rhythm adjustments as compared to that in circadian rhythm misalignment,suggesting circadian rhythm realignment by sleep or/and diet could partly restore glucose metabolism impaired by a short-term circadian rhythm misalignment.However,circadian rhythm changes did not result in overall perturbations of gut microbiota diversities.

Dietary Patterns Associated Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Adults

Dietary pattern has been revealed to be associated with metabolic syndrome. However, the association was not well documented in Chinese due to the complexity of Chinese foods. We mainly assessed the dietary patterns and examined their effects on metabolic syndrome among Chinese adults. Four dietary patterns including ＇Refined Grains ＆ Vegetables＂ Pattern, ＇Dairy ＆ Eggs＇ Pattern, ＇Organ Meat ＆ Poultry＇ Pattern, and ＇Coarse Grains ＆ Beans＇ Pattern were extracted. ＇Dairy ＆ Eggs＇ Pattern was associated with a decreased odds of metabolic syndrome in women, and ＇Coarse Grains ＆ Beans＇ Pattern was associated with a decreased odds of hypertension in men. These results provided a scientific basis for future research and dietarv euideline Perfection.

Different dietary starch patterns in lowprotein diets:effect on nitrogen efficiency,nutrient metabolism,and intestinal flora in growing pigs

Background:Protein releases amino acids faster than starch releases glucose in digestive tract of pigs fed lowprotein(LP)diets.Poor synchronization of dietary glucose and amino acids supply leads to compromised nitrogen efficiency.Dietary starch patterns modulation may improve this situation.Methods:Growing barrows(29.7±2.0 kg)were randomly allotted into 5 dietary treatments with LP diets consisting of different purified starches.Treatments included:waxy corn starch(W LP),corn starch+waxy corn starch(C+W LP),corn starch(C LP),pea starch+waxy corn starch(P+W LP)and pea starch(P LP).In the experiment,growth performance,protein deposition,nutrient metabolism,and fecal microbial community of pigs were investigated.In vitro starch digestion was used for predicting the in vivo glucose response.Results:Dietary starch in vitro glucose release profile was determined by starch source and the ratio of amylopectin and amylose.C+W LP treatment showed decreased total nitrogen excretion and plasma citrulline concentration and improved plasma leptin concentration among treatments(P<0.05).Besides,the highest nitrogen apparent biological value,whole-body protein deposition and growth performance and lowest urinary nitrogen excretion were also observed in C+W LP treatment.Compared with the other groups,C+W LP and C LP showed increased plasma pyruvate,IGF-1,and lipase concentrations(P<0.05).The W LP group presented dramatically increased plasma alanine and urea nitrogen concentration and decreased aldolase and leptin concentrations(P<0.05).Dietary starch patterns did not make an impact on bacterial richness and diversity,but changed the taxonomic and functional structures of the microbial communities.Microbial protein fermentation product(isobutyrate and isovalerate)presented increased in P LP treatments compared with the other treatments(P<0.05).Conclusions:Dietary starch patterns modulation can regulate dietary glucose release profile,nutrient metabolism,protein turnover,and fecal microbial fermentation in pigs.The optimal dietary glucose release profile effectively strengthened whole-body protein deposition and improve nitrogen efficiency and growth performance in growing pigs fed LP diets.

Studies on Models,Patterns and Requirements of Digestible Amino Acids for Layers by Nitrogen Metabolism

The nitrogen (N) metabolic experiments were made to estimate separately amino acid requirements of 4348 weeks old layers for maintenance, for protein accretion to estabolish models to estimate digestible amino acid requirements. The regression relationship of nitrogen retention vs amino acid intake was estimated for each amino acid by giving, at rate of N intake of 091, 052, 015 and 0007gkg-1 body-weight (W075) per d, the semi-synthetic diets was made specially deficient in one amino acid. From the regression coefficients, it was calculated that, for the accretion of 1 g protein, the dietary digestible amino acid requirements were (mg) Thr 631, Val 1004, Met 399, Ile 886, Leu 1143, Phe 632, Lys 870, His 205, Arg 879, Trp 214, Met+Cys 776, and Phe+Tyr 1143. Daily amino acid requirements for N equilibrium were estimated to be (mgkg-1W075 per day) Thr 506, Val 747, Met 303, ILe 667 Leu 814, Phe 448, Lys 605 His 147, Arg 739 ,Trp 173, Met+Cys 586, and Phe+Tyr 839 The dietary degestible amino acid patterns for protein accretion and N equilibrium were also proposed. The models of estimating digestible amino acid requirements for the different productions were developed.

The Role of CARD9 in Metabolic Diseases

Caspase recruitment domain containing protein 9(CARD9)is an adaptor protein that plays a critical role in pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)-mediated activation of NF-kB and mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK).This elicits initiation of the pro・inflammatory cytokines and leads to inflammatory responses,which has been recognized as a critical contributor to chronic inflammation.Current researches demonstrate that CARD9 is strongly associated with metabolic diseases,such as obesity,insulin resistance,atherosclerosis and so on.In this review,we summarize CARD9 signaling pathway and the role of CARD9 in metabolic diseases.

Transformation of myocardial energy metabolism pattern during myocardial remodeling caused by volume overload

Objective To elucidate the transformation of energy metabolism patterns in the process of myocardial remodeling induced by volumeoverload and to explore a novel intervention target for the prevention,delay or even reversal of structural heart dysfunction.Methods Thirty C57/BL6 mice,20-30 g,half male and half female,were randomly divided into model group(n=15)and sham operation group(n=15).Each group was divided into subacute phase(2 weeks after surgery,n=5),cardiac functional compensation phase(5 weeks after surgery,n=5)and decompensation phase(15 weeks after surgery,n=5).

METABOLISM PATTERN OF FECAL BILE ACIDS IN PATIENTS WITH LARGE BOWEL CANCER

The feca! bite acids were extracted from 21 patients with large bowel (colonic and rectal) cancer and 21 controls, and the bile acid composition and concentration were measured by gas chromatography. The total bile acid concentration and concentration of individual bile acids were not statistically different between colonic and rectal cancer. Bat the concentration and the percentage composition of secondary bile acids (deoxycholic and lithocholic acids) were significantly higher than that in controls. However the percentage composition of primary bile acids (cholic and chenocholic acids) were significantly lower than that in controls. The results suggest that incidence of large bowel cancer is closely related to the metabolism of fecal bile acids, and the etiology of colonic and rectal cancers may be the same.

Rumen microbial-driven metabolite from grazing lambs potentially regulates body fatty acid metabolism by lipid-related genes in liver

Background Lipid metabolism differs significantly between grazing and stall-feeding lambs,affecting the quality of livestock products.As two critical organs of lipid metabolism,the differences between feeding patterns on rumen and liver metabolism remain unclear.In this study,16S rRNA,metagenomics,transcriptomics,and untargeted metabolomics were utilized to investigate the key rumen microorganisms and metabolites,as well as liver genes and metabolites associated with fatty acid metabolism under indoor feeding(F)and grazing(G).Results Compared with grazing,indoor feeding increased ruminal propionate content.Using metagenome sequencing in combination with 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing,the results showed that the abundance of propionate-producing Succiniclasticum and hydrogenating bacteria Tenericutes was enriched in the F group.For rumen metabolism,grazing caused up-regulation of EPA,DHA and oleic acid and down-regulation of decanoic acid,as well as,screening for 2-ketobutyric acid as a vital differential metabolite,which was enriched in the propionate metabolism pathway.In the liver,indoor feeding increased 3-hydroxypropanoate and citric acid content,causing changes in propionate metabolism and citrate cycle,while decreasing the ETA content.Then,the liver transcriptome revealed that 11 lipid-related genes were differentially expressed in the two feeding patterns.Correlation analysis showed that the expression of CYP4A6,FADS1,FADS2,ALDH6A1 and CYP2C23 was significantly associated with the propionate metabolism process,suggesting that propionate metabolism may be an important factor mediating the hepatic lipid metabolism.Besides,the unsaturated fatty acids in muscle,rumen and liver also had a close correlation.Conclusions Overall,our data demonstrated that rumen microbial-driven metabolite from grazing lambs potentially regulates multiple hepatic lipid-related genes,ultimately affecting body fatty acid metabolism.

基于“动则生阳”理论探讨鸢尾素与慢性心力衰竭心阳虚证本质的联系

慢性心力衰竭(chronic heart failure, CHF)是各种原因导致的心脏疾病终末阶段,心阳不足是导致CHF恶化的关键病因。鸢尾素是一种肌动蛋白糖基化蛋白激素,是纤维连接蛋白Ⅲ型结构域5(fibronectin typeⅢdomain containing 5, FNDC5)的多肽切割产物,同时也是一种依赖于过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活物-1α(peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α, PGC-1α)的肌细胞因子。在肌肉运动时,PGC-1α通过刺激FNDC5表达,增加鸢尾素释放并介导运动相关的效应。在这一过程中产生的鸢尾素可以增加线粒体产能和脂肪褐变产热,促进葡萄糖代谢和脂肪酸氧化。“动则生阳”理论源于《易经》,其指出“动”是化生阴阳万物的起源。对于CHF心阳虚证患者,运动可振奋其心阳,促进人体气血通畅,改善CHF症状,促进疾病向愈。“动则生阳”的本质可能是运动改善了CHF心阳虚证患者的“气虚”和“寒象”状态,可能与机体运动时产生的鸢尾素调控了能量代谢及线粒体产能有关。因此,推测缺乏鸢尾素可能是CHF心阳虚证的生物学内涵。

葛根芩连汤通过IRS-1/PI3K/AKT通路对胃肠湿热型2型糖尿病大鼠糖脂代谢的影响

目的探究葛根芩连汤通过胰岛素受体底物-1(IRS-1)/磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(AKT)通路对胃肠湿热型2型糖尿病大鼠糖脂代谢的影响。方法将40只SD大鼠随机分为正常组(2 mL生理盐水灌胃)、造模组(2 mL生理盐水灌胃)、二甲双胍组(4.17 mg/100 g二甲双胍灌胃)和葛根芩连汤组(1 g/100 g葛根芩连汤灌胃),每组10只。采用高脂高糖饲料加腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)构建2型糖尿病大鼠模型,随后喂食油脂、42°白酒及蜂蜜水构建胃肠湿热型2型糖尿病大鼠模型。测量各组大鼠不同时间节点体质量,血糖仪测定空腹血糖(FBG);ELISA检测空腹胰岛素(FINS)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平变化、计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR);HE染色检测肝组织病理学变化;检测肝组织过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及丙二醛(MDA)含量变化。Western blot检测肝组织IRS-1、PI3K、p-PI3K、AKT及p-AKT蛋白变化。结果与正常组比较,造模组大鼠体质量、FBG、FINS及HOMA-IR、GSH-Px、CAT、SOD、IRS-1、p-PI3K/PI3K及p-AKT/AKT水平均明显下降(P<0.05)、TG、TC、IL-6、TNF-α及MDA含量均显著升高(P<0.05),可见局灶性肝实质损失。与造模组比较,二甲双胍组及葛根芩连汤组大鼠体质量、FBG、FINS及HOMA-IR、GSH-Px、CAT、SOD、IRS-1、p-PI3K/PI3K及p-AKT/AKT水平均明显升高(P<0.05)、TG、TC、IL-6、TNF-α及MDA含量均显著降低(P<0.05),显示正常的肝实质。结论葛根芩连汤可明显改善胃肠湿热型2型糖尿病糖脂紊乱,可能是通过IRS-1/PI3K/AKT通路发挥作用。

中老年缺血性脑卒中共病现状及共病模式分析:基于河南省三甲医院数据

背景中老年缺血性脑卒中患者同时患有多种慢性病,且这种共病状态对患者的健康生活水平产生了较大影响。目前有关缺血性脑卒中共病现状及共病模式的研究尚少。目的了解河南省中老年缺血性脑卒中共病现状,并探索缺血性脑卒中共病之间的关联性,为缺血性脑卒中共病的管理及防控措施提供参考依据。方法选取2021—2022年在河南省人民医院就诊的45岁以上缺血性脑卒中患者为研究对象,统计其慢性病患病情况,比较不同人口学特征下缺血性脑卒中的共病情况,并采用聚类分析方法探究中老年人群缺血性脑卒中的共病模式。结果本研究共纳入1685例中老年缺血性脑卒中患者,其中90.0%(1516/1685)患者至少共患1种慢性病;13.6%(230/1685)共患2种慢性病,26.9%(454/1685)共患3种慢性病,49.4%(832/1685)共患4种及以上慢性病。共患病中患病率高的慢性病为高血压1047例(62.1%)、血脂异常755例(44.8%)。在缺血性脑卒中患者中,与男性相比,女性共病患病率较高(χ^(2)=14.516,P<0.05);随着年龄增加,共病患病率呈上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=148.889,P<0.001);随着受教育程度升高,共病患病率呈下降趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=30.890,P<0.001)。聚类分析得出4种共病模式,分别为心血管代谢模式(高血压、血脂异常、心脏病发作和糖尿病)、以肝-肺-胃肠道-泌尿疾病为特征模式(慢性肺部疾病、肾脏疾病、肝脏疾病、消化系统疾病和泌尿系统疾病)、精神-退行性疾病模式(神经或精神问题、关节炎或风湿病、与记忆相关的疾病)、癌症。结论河南省中老年缺血性脑卒中人群中共病患病率较高,其共病模式包括心血管代谢模式、以肝-肺-胃肠道-泌尿疾病为特征模式、精神-退行性疾病模式、癌症,其中心血管代谢模式与缺血性脑卒中关联较大,应加强对其筛查与预防。

膳食模式、炎症指数与慢性病代谢指标的相关性

目的:探讨山西省成年居民的膳食模式、膳食炎症指数(DII)与慢性病代谢指标之间的关联性。方法:基于2010—2012年中国居民营养与健康状况监测(CNNHS)项目中的山西省数据,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法选取1396名成年居民作为研究对象。通过问卷调查、体格检查、实验室检查,分析了不同膳食模式及膳食炎症指数与代谢指标的相关性。结果:山西省成年居民存在较高的体重超重、肥胖以及腹型肥胖比例,同时高血压、高血糖和代谢综合征的患病率也较高;主成分分析法得到谷物模式、肉菜模式、肉类模式和油盐模式4种膳食模式;膳食炎症指数与腰围呈正相关;中心性肥胖与收缩压和血糖水平呈正相关。结论:高炎症膳食模式可能与慢性代谢障碍有关。改善膳食模式,特别是增加抗氧化剂和抗炎物质的摄入可能有助于降低慢性炎症疾病的风险。建议通过公共卫生干预,促进健康膳食模式,以预防和管理慢性病。

大菱鲆29个脂质代谢相关基因的组织表达

不同鱼类的脂肪组织分布模式具有高度多样性。大菱鲆具有相对特殊的脂质储存模式;鳍条附近皮下脂肪组织是其重要的脂肪存储部位。为了更好地了解大菱鲆的脂质代谢生理,本实验初步研究了29个脂质代谢相关基因在大菱鲆体内的组织表达,这些基因参与了脂肪生成、脂肪酸β氧化、甘油酯的生物合成和水解、脂质运输以及相关的脂代谢转录调控过程。从30尾鱼(10尾混样作为一个重复)中采集眼、鳃、脑、皮肤、肌肉、肝脏、胃、肾脏、脾脏、心脏、前肠、幽门盲囊、后肠、盲肠和脂肪等共15个组织样本进行qRT-PCR分析。结果显示,肠和脑中脂肪生成基因表达量高,肝脏和肌肉脂肪生成基因表达量低。肠内大部分载脂蛋白和脂质代谢相关转录因子的基因表达水平也较高。肌肉中脂肪酸β氧化相关基因的表达水平较低。细胞内甘油酯酶在脑、眼和心脏中高表达。研究表明,在大菱鲆体内,肠道可能不仅是脂质摄取的场所,也是大菱鲆体内重要的脂肪代谢器官。本研究为进一步探讨大菱鲆脂代谢特征及探索不同储脂类型鱼类中脂肪代谢的多样性提供了基础数据,也将有助于在分子水平上进一步研究鱼类的脂质代谢调节。

Exploring pathogenesis in subjects with subjective Tinnitus having kidney deficiency pattern in terms of Traditional Chinese Medicine based on serum metabolic profiles

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the metabolic pathogenesis in subjects with subjective tinnitus(ST)having kidney deficiency pattern(KDP)(ST/KDP) in terms of Traditional Chinese Medicine.METHODS: Three groups of subjects, including healthy individuals, subjects with ST/KDP, and subjects who were healthy initially and then developed ST/KDP one year later(healthy → ST/KDP),were recruited for this study. Serum metabolic profiles of all subjects were analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadruple-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The metabolic characteristics of the ST/KDP subjects were determined, and the corresponding biomarkers were predicted. The metabolomics data from the healthy → ST/KDP subjects were collected for further verification.RESULTS: Twelve metabolites in the ST/KDP subjects were different from those of the healthy control subjects. Of these metabolites, according to the prediction, except for octanoic acid, other metabolites might characterize ST/KDP. Ten metabolites at the outcome ST/KDP stage were different from those at the initial(control) stage. Through the comparison of these metabolites with the predicted metabolites, five common metabolites, including upregulated glutamate, serotonin, oroticacid and 8-oxoguanine, as well as downregulated taurine, were found. These common metabolites were significantly associated with canonical pathways including calcium signaling, γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA) receptor signaling, purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis, taurine biosynthesis, and serotonin receptor signaling.CONCLUSION: The metabolic pathogenesis in ST/KDP subjects was characterized by upregulated glutamate, serotonin, orotic acid and 8-oxoguanine, as well as downregulated taurine, additionally, perturbations of calcium signaling, GABA receptor signaling, purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis, taurine biosynthesis, and serotonin receptor signaling.

Unlocking the potential:How acupuncture reshapes the liver-centered lipid metabolism pattern to fight obesity

Obesity,a widespread global health issue,is frequently linked to disrupted lipid metabolism,resulting in excessive accumulation of adipose tissue and associated health complications.Acupuncture,a traditional Chinese medical modality,has exhibited potential as a viable intervention for addressing obesity.The underlying mechanism proposed involves the stimulation of specific acupoints to exert a regulatory influence on hepatic function.The liver has a central role in lipid metabolism,including processes such as lipid synthesis,storage and distribution.Acupuncture is believed to enhance the liver’s efficiency in processing lipids,thereby reducing lipid accumulation and improving metabolic functions.Research indicates that acupuncture can influence the expression of certain genes and proteins involved in lipid metabolism in the liver.This includes upregulating genes that promote lipid breakdown and oxidation,and downregulating those involved in lipid synthesis.Additionally,acupuncture has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity,which is crucial for the regulation of lipid metabolism.Furthermore,the potential anti-inflammatory effects of acupuncture may play a significant role in its efficacy for the treatment of obesity.The presence of chronic inflammation has been strongly associated with metabolic disorders such as obesity.Through its ability to mitigate inflammation,acupuncture can potentially aid in the restoration of lipid metabolism and the reduction of body weight.Moreover,the amelioration of hepatic oxidative stress represents another mechanism by which acupuncture may contribute to the reduction of lipid deposition.Notably,the liver,being the primary site of lipid metabolism,maintains communication with various organs including the brain,adipose tissue,skeletal muscle and intestines.This perspective opens new avenues for the treatment of obesity,emphasizing the importance of holistic approaches in managing complex metabolic disorders.

近20年射血分数保留的心力衰竭患者发病规律的临床变迁

目的回顾性分析近20年来射血分数保留的心力衰竭(heart failure with preserved ejection fraction,HFpEF)患者发病情况、临床特征及中医证候演变情况。方法选择跨度20年内的2003年、2013年和2023年,每年均选择心血管疾病高发期10~12月,运用卡方检验、单因素方差分析比较中国中医科学院西苑医院心血管科在这3个年度10~12月份出院的HFpEF患者的一般资料、合并疾病分布、用药情况、超声指标、中医证候分布情况。结果(1)HFpEF患者的绝对数量以及在整个心衰人群中的占比随时间呈上升趋势。(2)HFpEF患者的年龄随时间推移呈明显增长趋势;患者左房内径、左室后壁厚度随时间推移也呈升高趋势;历经20年变迁,HFpEF人群共病负担加重,主要基础疾病一直为高血压、冠心病、心房颤动和糖尿病,高脂血症和高尿酸血症此类代谢性疾病的患者数量及占比增加;随着新药的研发和指南的推广,HFpEF患者长期口服药中血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂/血管紧张素Ⅱ受体阻滞剂/血管紧张素受体脑啡肽酶抑制剂、β受体阻滞剂数量呈增长趋势,强心药物呈下降趋势。(3)中医证候分布规律显示,气虚证、血瘀证和水饮证为HFpEF患者的主要证候。结论随着时间推移,HFpEF患者发病率上升、发病程度加重,与人口老龄化、合并基础疾病多,尤其代谢性疾病增多有关。HFpEF的中医关键病机以气虚、血瘀、水饮为主,随时间推移中医核心病机并未发生改变。

从“气食少火”理论探析糖尿病心肌病病机演变与能量代谢特点

糖尿病心肌病(diabetic cardiomyopathy,DCM)作为糖尿病患者心血管严重并发症之一,具有较高的发病率和病死率。心脏能量代谢紊乱被认为是DCM病变的关键因素,这与中医“气食少火”理论密切相关。少火的消长贯穿本病病程始终,机体内壮火与少火相争的动态过程构成了DCM的3个发展阶段:代偿期的壮火渐盛与少火耗损,失代偿期的壮火燔炽与痰瘀形成,衰竭期的少火衰微与神机涣散。本文基于“气食少火”理论,分析DCM的能量代谢变化,阐明其中医证候特点,并探讨通过纠正心肌异常能量代谢中断DCM疾病链条,延缓其临床进展,为临床治疗提供思路。

Comparison of efficacy of treating obese patients with endocrine-metabolic abnormity by electroacupuncture of different types of wave modes

Objective To compare the efficacy of treating obese patients with abnormity of lipids and serum leptin by dilatational wave or continuous wave of electroacupuncture combined with thunder-fire moxibustion in order to provide a clinical basis for selecting wave types of electroacupuncture for different patterns of obesity. Methods Sixty obese patients with abnormal lipids and serum leptin were randomly divided into a dilatational wave group and a continuous wave group via random number table, with 30 cases in each group. They were divided by TCM differentiation into three types： stomachintestine excessive heat, weakness of the spleen-stomach and spleen-kidney yang deficiency, treated by electroacupuncture on Tianshu （天枢 ST 25）, Daheng （大横 SP 15）, Zusanli （足三里ST 36）, Shangjuxu （上巨虚 ST 37）, Fanglong （丰隆 ST 40）, Yinlingquan （阴陵泉 SP 9）, Quchi （曲池 LI 11）, Zhigou （支沟 TE 6） and Hegu （合谷 LI 4） along with thunder-fire moxibustion. The frequency of electro-acupuncture in the dilatational wave group and the continuous wave group was 2 Hz/100 Hz and 2 Hz, respectively. Patients in the two groups were treated once a day, six times a week. The treatment lasted for 4 weeks with 3-month follow-up. Body mass and body fat percentage before and after the treatment, as well as during the follow-up, were compared. The effectiveness rates in the two groups were compared, and the efficacy statistics of patients with different TCM patterns in the dilatational wave group were also analyzed. Lipid levels of the patients in two groups before and after the treatment were measured with an automatic biochemical analyzer, and serum leptin levels were detected with flow cytometry system. Results After the treatment, the patients＇ blood lipids, serum leptin levels, body mass and body fat percentage were effectively reduced in the two groups; three months＇ follow-up witnessed continuous decline of obesity indicators （P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）, and patients in the dilatat-ional wave group improved more significantly than those in continuous wave group （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. The efficacy in the dilatational wave group was superior to that in the continuous wave group （P〈0.01）. The best efficacy could be found among patients with weakness of the spleen and the stomach in the dilatational wave group. Conclusion Efficacy of treating obese patients with abnormity of lipids and serum leptin by electro-acupuncture combined with thunder-fire moxibustion in the dilatational wave group was significantly better than that of the continuous wave group, and efficacy for obese patients with weakness of the spleen and the stomach was superior to that of those with stomach-intestine excessive heat and spleen-kidney yang deficiency.

不同森林恢复类型对土壤微生物群落的影响

为了评价不同森林恢复类型与方式对南方红壤丘陵区退化生态系统土壤微生物群落的影响 ,借助氯仿熏蒸法、平板涂抹法和BIOLOG检测法 ,比较研究了 4种森林恢复类型土壤微生物的群落特征 .结果表明 ,4种森林恢复类型土壤微生物生物量碳、细菌数量差异显著 ,2项指标均以天然次生林土壤最高 ,人工林次之 ,荒地最差 ;碳源平均颜色变化率 (AWCD法 )和微生物代谢多样性指数 (丰富度和多样性 )在 5种植被类型的土壤中也有明显差异 ,其趋势与微生物量碳、细菌数量基本相同 ;天然次生林土壤微生物群落利用碳源的整体能力和功能多样性比人工林和荒地强 .相关分析表明 ,0～ 2 0和 2 0～ 4 0cm土壤微生物的代谢多样性与根系生物量紧密相关 (r =0 933,P <0 0 5 ;r =0 92 5 ,P <0 0 5 ) .自然恢复更有利于改善土壤微生物的结构和功能 .

多囊卵巢综合征不同中医证型与内分泌代谢的相关性探索

目的探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)的不同中医证型与内分泌代谢的相关性。方法收集223例PCOS患者,其中脾虚组109例、肝虚组56例、肾虚组58例;同龄健康女性20名为对照组。测量体重指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR);检测血清黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、雄激素(T)、泌乳素(PRL)、雌二醇(E2)、性激素结合球蛋白(SHBG)、空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、血脂(TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C)、瘦素(leptin,Lp),比较各项指标的组间差异。结果 PCOS3组的Lp、FINS、HOMA-IRI、T、LH/FSH比值均显著高于对照组,SHBG均低于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。Lp在PCOS3组间比较差异无统计学意义;脾虚组FINS、HOMA-IRI高于肾虚组及肝虚组(P<0.05,P<0.01);肾虚组T、LH/FSH比值高于脾虚组及肝虚组(P<0.05);肝虚组PRL高于脾虚组与肾虚组(P<0.01)。结论血清Lp、SHBG异常为PCOS不同证型共同的病理表现;而不同证型有其各自的内分泌代谢变化的特点。