Application of 9-component S-wave 3D seismic data to study sedimentary facies and reservoirs in a biogasbearing area:A case study on the Pleistocene Qigequan Formation in Taidong area,Sanhu Depression,Qaidam Basin,NW China

To solve the problems in restoring sedimentary facies and predicting reservoirs in loose gas-bearing sediment,based on seismic sedimentologic analysis of the first 9-component S-wave 3D seismic dataset of China,a fourth-order isochronous stratigraphic framework was set up and then sedimentary facies and reservoirs in the Pleistocene Qigequan Formation in Taidong area of Qaidam Basin were studied by seismic geomorphology and seismic lithology.The study method and thought are as following.Firstly,techniques of phase rotation,frequency decomposition and fusion,and stratal slicing were applied to the 9-component S-wave seismic data to restore sedimentary facies of major marker beds based on sedimentary models reflected by satellite images.Then,techniques of seismic attribute extraction,principal component analysis,and random fitting were applied to calculate the reservoir thickness and physical parameters of a key sandbody,and the results are satisfactory and confirmed by blind testing wells.Study results reveal that the dominant sedimentary facies in the Qigequan Formation within the study area are delta front and shallow lake.The RGB fused slices indicate that there are two cycles with three sets of underwater distributary channel systems in one period.Among them,sandstones in the distributary channels of middle-low Qigequan Formation are thick and broad with superior physical properties,which are favorable reservoirs.The reservoir permeability is also affected by diagenesis.Distributary channel sandstone reservoirs extend further to the west of Sebei-1 gas field,which provides a basis to expand exploration to the western peripheral area.

Developing a Geological Management Information System: National Important Mining Zone Database

Geo-data is a foundation for the prediction and assessment of ore resources, so managing and making full use of those data, including geography database, geology database, mineral deposits database, aeromagnetics database, gravity database, geochemistry database and remote sensing database, is very significant. We developed national important mining zone database （NIMZDB） to manage 14 national important mining zone databases to support a new round prediction of ore deposit. We found that attention should be paid to the following issues： ① data accuracy： integrity, logic consistency, attribute, spatial and time accuracy; ② management of both attribute and spatial data in the same system;③ transforming data between MapGIS and ArcGIS; ④ data sharing and security; ⑤ data searches that can query both attribute and spatial data. Accuracy of input data is guaranteed and the search, analysis and translation of data between MapGIS and ArcGIS has been made convenient via the development of a checking data module and a managing data module based on MapGIS and ArcGIS. Using AreSDE, we based data sharing on a client/server system, and attribute and spatial data are also managed in the same system.

A Possible New Data Archive Format for EAST

A new possible data archive format for storing huge amounts of data for EAST control anddata acquisition system is presented. This new general-purpose data archive format is network-transparent, i.e, machine-independent and has been implemented in terms of XDR （eXternal Data Representation）. We test this format by using EFIT （Equilibrium Fitting） code on different operation systems, namely Linux and Windows, different processors, namely Sun and Pc, and different programs, namely in Fortran and C language. It can be easily used by different computers and different programming languages.

Integration of Building Maintenance Data in Application of Building Information Modeling (BIM)

A typical building project has a long life in the maintenance stage. Also, the cost at this stage is enormously huge compared to planning, design and construction phases. In the earlier stage, which is planning or design phase, however, many project participants put little emphasis on the maintenance information. As a result, important maintenance data is missing and erroneously feedback to the 3D/BIM model. This research provides a generic process model for maintenance information management for building facilities. The authors have identified that there exist most-frequently used information areas: checking information, material information, equipment information, supplier information, and maintenance history information. Each information area should be embedded in the BIM model in order to effectively feedback to the operation and maintenance stage in the project. Thus, the study has proposed a novel data format structure which can effectively link the 3D/BIM object with the maintenance data. The demonstration project shows how the data format structure is used. The contribution of this study is to provide guidance to a project practitioner by step-by-step approach in dealing with the significant maintenance information in the earlier stage of the construction project.

Density,refractive index and liquid–liquid equilibrium data of polyethylene glycol 3000 + potassium formate + water at different pH values

New liquid-liquid equilibrium data for polyethylene glycol （PEG） 3000 ＋ CHO2K ＋ H20 systems were measured at 298.15 K and pH values of 7.95, 8.40 and 9.98. It was found that an increase in pH caused the binodal curve to be displaced downward and the two-phase region to expand. Accordingly, the binodal curve was adjusted to the Pirdashti equation and the tie-line compositions were correlated using the Othmer-Tobias, Bancroft and Hand equations. The study measured the refractive index and densities of several homogeneous binary and ternary solutions. The solutions were used for calibration within a range of 0% to 30% of the mass of the PEG and potassium formate. The density and refractive index data show a linear variation with the mass fraction of the polymer and the salt. The effect of pH on the binodal, tie-line lengths （TLL） and slope of the tie-line （STL） in the systems was exam- ined. It was found that an increase in pH increased the TLL and decreased the STL It was observed that the density of the aqueous two-phase system was influenced by the TLL The difference in density between phases （△p） increased as the TLL and pH increased. It was found that the TLL and Ap showed a linear relationship. The effective excluded volume （EEV） of the PEG was obtained and it was found that EEV also increased as the pH increased.

Research on high energy efficiency and low bit-width floating-point type data for abnormal object detection of transmission lines

Achieving a balance between accuracy and efficiency in target detection applications is an important research topic.To detect abnormal targets on power transmission lines at the power edge,this paper proposes an effective method for reducing the data bit width of the network for floating-point quantization.By performing exponent prealignment and mantissa shifting operations,this method avoids the frequent alignment operations of standard floating-point data,thereby further reducing the exponent and mantissa bit width input into the training process.This enables training low-data-bit width models with low hardware-resource consumption while maintaining accuracy.Experimental tests were conducted on a dataset of real-world images of abnormal targets on transmission lines.The results indicate that while maintaining accuracy at a basic level,the proposed method can significantly reduce the data bit width compared with single-precision data.This suggests that the proposed method has a marked ability to enhance the real-time detection of abnormal targets in transmission circuits.Furthermore,a qualitative analysis indicated that the proposed quantization method is particularly suitable for hardware architectures that integrate storage and computation and exhibit good transferability.

TD-SCDMA网络测试仪中SCCP协议解码及上层PDU获取方案

以TD-SCDMA网络测试仪的信令分析功能作为研究背景,介绍了3G协议栈中信令连接控制协议的基本概念、功能以及消息结构,并且在此基础上探讨了信令连接控制部分(SCCP)协议的解码以及针对实际数据的组装方法,目的是对网络测试仪中SCCP模块的软件实现提出解决方案。该协议位于协议栈的传输层,其分析思路和方法对研究传输层的其他协议具有指导和推广意义。

ISODATA在油水层综合判别中的应用

针对油藏地质中油水层判别问题,提出了一套利用测井资料综合判别油水层的ISODATA方法,建立了此方法的数学模型,并编制了相应的软件。运用该方法对地质情况复杂的海拉尔盆地乌尔逊地区的测井资料进行处理,总符合率达88.0%。结果表明该方法可提高油水层识别的精度。

基于GeodataBase的CAD数据到GIS的解决方案

由于CAD系统与GIS在数据结构上存在着较大的差异,这使得其数据往往不能很好地满足GIS的要求。本文在分析目前CAD数据到GIS数据转换存在问题的基础上,利用ARCGIS的GeodataBase数据模型,探讨了基础地形图和规划CAD数据在转入GIS数据库中的逻辑组织、分层设计和属性设计等解决方案。但要从根本上解决CAD数据到GIS格式数据的转换的问题,还是需要一个“国家空间数据格式标准规范”的出台。

基于Geodatabase的CAD数据到GIS的解决方法

由于CAD系统与GIS在数据结构上存在着较大的差异,这使得其数据往往不能很好地满足GIS的要求。本文在分析目前CAD数据到GIS数据转换存在问题的基础上,利用ArcGIS的Geodatabase数据模型,探讨了基础地形图和规划CAD数据在转入GIS数据库中的逻辑组织、分层设计和属性设计等解决方案。但要从根本上解决CAD数据到GIS格式数据的转换的问题,还是需要一个“国家空间数据格式标准规范”的出台。

安卓GNSS原始数据转换为RINEX的方法与实现

安卓设备收集的全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)数据在从地理空间定位到环境监测的各种应用中越来越重要。但缺乏将安卓GNSS原始数据转换为接收机独立交换格式(RINEX)的标准化工具,这给初学者和研究人员带来了重大挑战。为了满足这一需求,本文基于Python开发安卓GNSS原始数据转换RINEX工具箱(AGRDRT),旨在简化转换过程并提高安卓GNSS数据的可用性。所提出的工具箱利用Python的versatility提供一个友好的用户界面,用于将安卓GNSS原始数据转换为广泛采用的RINEX 3.05标准格式。AGRDRT主要功能包括强大的数据解析算法、对不同GNSS星座的支持以及与各种安卓设备配置的兼容性。

A formation pressure prediction method based on tectonic overpressure

Traditional formation pressure prediction methods all are based on the formation undercompaction mechanism and the prediction results are obviously low when predicting abnormally high pressure caused by compressional structure overpressure.To eliminate this problem,we propose a new formation pressure prediction method considering compressional structure overpressure as the dominant factor causing abnormally high pressure.First,we establish a model for predicting maximum principal stress,this virtual maximum principal stress is calculated by a double stress field analysis.Then we predict the formation pressure by fitting the maximum principal stress with formation pressure. The real maximum principal stress can be determined by caculating the sum of the virtual maximum principal stresses.Practical application to real data from the A1 and A2 wells in the A gas field shows that this new method has higher accuracy than the traditional equivalent depth method.

基于Geodatabase的CAD数据到GIS的解决方案

由于CAD系统与GIS在数据结构上存在着较大的差异,这使得其数据往往不能很好地满足GIS的要求。本文在分析目前CAD数据到GIS数据转换存在问题的基础上,利用ARCGIS的Geodatabase数据模型,探讨了基础地形图和规划CAD数据在转入GIS数据库中的逻辑组织、分层设计和属性设计等解决方案。但要从根本上解决CAD数据到GIS格式数据的转换的问题,还是需要一个“国家空间数据格式标准规范”的出台。

An Examination of the Predictability of Tropical Cyclone Genesis in High-Resolution Coupled Models with Dynamically Downscaled Coupled Data Assimilation Initialization

Predicting tropical cyclone(TC)genesis is of great societal importance but scientifically challenging.It requires fineresolution coupled models that properly represent air−sea interactions in the atmospheric responses to local warm sea surface temperatures and feedbacks,with aid from coherent coupled initialization.This study uses three sets of highresolution regional coupled models(RCMs)covering the Asia−Pacific(AP)region initialized with local observations and dynamically downscaled coupled data assimilation to evaluate the predictability of TC genesis in the West Pacific.The APRCMs consist of three sets of high-resolution configurations of the Weather Research and Forecasting−Regional Ocean Model System(WRF-ROMS):27-km WRF with 9-km ROMS,and 9-km WRF with 3-km ROMS.In this study,a 9-km WRF with 9-km ROMS coupled model system is also used in a case test for the predictability of TC genesis.Since the local sea surface temperatures and wind shear conditions that favor TC formation are better resolved,the enhanced-resolution coupled model tends to improve the predictability of TC genesis,which could be further improved by improving planetary boundary layer physics,thus resolving better air−sea and air−land interactions.

Data Transfer Over the Internet for Real Time Applications

Efficient real time data exchange over the Internet plays a crucial role in the successful application of web-based systems. In this paper, a data transfer mechanism over the Internet is proposed for real time web based applications. The mechanism incorporates the eXtensible Markup Language （XML） and Hierarchical Data Format （HDF） to provide a flexible and efficient data format. Heterogeneous transfer data is classified into light and heavy data, which are stored using XML and HDF respectively; the HDF data format is then mapped to Java Document Object Model （JDOM） objects in XML in the Java environment. These JDOM data objects are sent across computer networks with the support of the Java Remote Method Invocation （RMI） data transfer infrastructure. Client＇s defined data priority levels are implemented in RMI, which guides a server to transfer data objects at different priorities. A remote monitoring system for an industrial reactor process simulator is used as a case study to illustrate the proposed data transfer mechanism.

Redefining the Age of the Cenozoic Shanwang Formation in Shanwang Basin

The Shanwang Basin is a small Cenozoic sedimentary basin located in Linqu county, Shandong province.The Shanwang Formation, especially the diatomaceous shale member, contains diverse and finely preserved flora and fauna fossils （Fig. 1）. Previous paleontological study and radiometric dating show that it was formed in the Miocene. However, on the precise age of the formation, there are such different opinions as Late Miocene, Middle Miocene, Early stage of Middle Miocene, etc.

Model Based Data Transmission: Analysis of Link Budget Requirement Reduction

Communications capability can be a significant constraint on the utility of a spacecraft. While conventionally enhanced through the use of a larger transmitting or receiving antenna or through augmenting transmission power, communications capability can also be enhanced via incorporating more data in every unit of transmission. Model Based Transmission Reduction (MBTR) increases the mission utility of spacecraft via sending higher-level messages which rely on preshared (or, in some cases, co-transmitted) data. Because of this a priori knowledge, the amount of information contained in a MBTR message significantly exceeds the amount the amount of information in a conventional message. MBTR has multiple levels of operation;the lowest, Model Based Data Transmission (MBDT), utilizes a pre-shared lower-resolution data frame, which is augmented in areas of significant discrepancy with data from the higher-resolution source. MBDT is examined, in detail, herein and several approaches to minimizing the required bandwidth for conveying data required to conform to a minimum level of accuracy are considered. Also considered are ways of minimizing transmission requirements when both a model and change data required to attain a desired minimum discrepancy threshold must be transmitted. These possible solutions are compared to alternate transmission techniques including several forms of image compression.

An Optimization Method of Formation Flight for Minimizing Fuel Consumption

A method for formation flight trajectory optimization was established.This method aims at minimizing fuel consumption of a two-aircraft formation flight,without changing the original trajectory of the leader.Candidate flight pairs were selected from all international flights arriving at or departing from China in one day according to the requirement of the proposed method.Aircraft performance database Base of Aircraft Data(BADA)was employed in the trajectory computation.By assuming different fuel-saving percentages for the following aircraft,pre-flight plan trajectories of formation flight were optimized.The fuel consumption optimization effect under the influence of different trajectory optimization parameters was also analyzed.The results showed that the higher the fuel savings percentage,the longer the flight distance of formation flight,but the smaller the number of formation combinations that can be realized,which is limited by the aircraft performance.The following aircraft flying along the approximate actual flight trajectory can be benefited as well,and the optimal fuel-saving efficiency is related to the expected fuelsaving efficiency of formation flight.

Heuristic Approaches for Cell Formation in Cellular Manufacturing

Cellular Manufacturing System (CMS) is an application of Group Technology (GT) that allows decomposing a manu-facturing system into subsystems. Grouping the machines and parts in a cellular manufacturing system, based on simi-larities is known as cell formation problem (CFP) which is an NP-hard problem. In this paper, a mathematical model is proposed for CFP and is solved using the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Simulated Annealing (SA) meta-heuristic methods and the results are compared. The computational results show that the GA method is more effective in solving the model.

Migration to Intermediate XML for Electronic Data (MIXED)

MIXED is a digital preservation project. It uses a strategy of converting data to intermediate XML. In this paper we position this strategy with respect to the well-known emulation and migration strategies. Then we detail the MIXED strategy and explain why it is an optimized, economical way of migration. Finally, we describe how DANS is implementing a software tool that can perform the migrations needed for this strategy.