The Yali pear（Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.） is susceptible to superficial scald during prolonged cold storage and at shelf life. This study investigated the effects of 1-methylcyclopropene（1-MCP） and modified atmosp...The Yali pear（Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.） is susceptible to superficial scald during prolonged cold storage and at shelf life. This study investigated the effects of 1-methylcyclopropene（1-MCP） and modified atmosphere packaging（MAP） on changes of fruit quality and superficial scald during cold storage and at shelf life in Yali pear. Compared with MAP, the combination of MAP and 1-MCP（MAP＋1-MCP） treatment reduced the carbon dioxide and ethylene content inside the packaging bag. The 1-MCP, MAP, and MAP＋1-MCP treatments reduced the superficial scald index, malondialdehyde content, O2^-· production rate and relative conductivity and inhibited the accumulation of α-farnesene and conjugated trienes in the peel. 1-MCP and MAP＋1-MCP treatments maintained a higher phenolic content and enhanced the catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in the fruit, while reduced activities of lipoxygenase and polyphenol oxidase in the peel preceding the onset of superficial scald. Comprehensive analysis indicated that the MAP＋1-MCP treatment is the most effective method tested for improving the quality of Yali pears during cold storage and at shelf life.展开更多
Studies were conducted over the effects of 1-methylcycolpropene （1-MCP） treatment on postharvest life of Suli pears （Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.） stored at room and cold temperatures on nitric oxide （NO）,nitric o...Studies were conducted over the effects of 1-methylcycolpropene （1-MCP） treatment on postharvest life of Suli pears （Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.） stored at room and cold temperatures on nitric oxide （NO）,nitric oxide synthase （NOS） activity,and hydrogen dioxide （H2O2）.Results showed that the 1-MCP treatment had little effect on total soluble solids （TSS） at both room and cold temperatures.1-MCP delayed softening of Suli pear fruits,decreased respiratory rate and H2O2 accumulation,and increased NO and NOS activity at room temperature storage,while the effect of cold temperature storage was relatively inferior.There was a significant positive correlation between NOS activity and NO content.It is concluded that 1-MCP had effects on endogenous NO content and accumulation of H2O2.Similarly,H2O2 acting as a signaling molecule via regulating NO level affects the ripening and senescence of Suli pears.展开更多
Dangshansuli pear is one of crisp pears and has a non-climacteric respiratory pattern. Dangshansuli pear fruits were treated with 1 000 or 2 000 μL L-1 diphenylamine （DPA） for 1 min, or with 0.5 μL L-1 1-methylcyc...Dangshansuli pear is one of crisp pears and has a non-climacteric respiratory pattern. Dangshansuli pear fruits were treated with 1 000 or 2 000 μL L-1 diphenylamine （DPA） for 1 min, or with 0.5 μL L-1 1-methylcyclopropene （l-MCP） for 12 h before cold storage at （2±0.5）℃ for up to 210 d. Incidences of superficial scald and related physiological indexes were investigated during storage. The results showed that superficial scald occurred in control fruit with a rate of over 90% after 210 d at cold storage plus 10 d at room temperature. Treatments with 1 000 and 2 000 μL L-1 DPA and 0.5 μL L-1 l-MCP inhibited the accumulation of a-farnesene, conjugated trienes, total phenolic contents, and malondialdehyde （MDA） during storage. The treatments also decreased leakage of cell membrane and the activity of polyphenol oxidase （PPO） in the peel. These results indicate that 1-MCP and DPA treatments inhibit and postpone the occurrence of superficial scald of Dangshansuli pears remarkably in cold storage and post-storage shelf life, respectively, while the mechanisms were different. The results above may provide a theoretical evidence for the agriculture production.展开更多
Maintenance of green color is the primary indicator of quality in the market evaluation of Korla Xiang pears at present and can generally be achieved through early harvesting and decreasing the storage temperature, bu...Maintenance of green color is the primary indicator of quality in the market evaluation of Korla Xiang pears at present and can generally be achieved through early harvesting and decreasing the storage temperature, but the fruit quality was reduced by early harvesting, and the decreasing storage temperature increased the risk of chilling injury. The objectives of this study were to determine the optimal storage parameters for different storage times and to find ways to preserve the green skin color of pears. Specifically, we analyzed the effects of the ethylene inhibitor, 1-methylcyclopropene （1-MCP）, combined with low temperature on quality and maintenance of the green color of Korla Xiang pears during storage. We found that 1-MCP and/or low temperature reduced the loss of green color at 20℃ after being removed from cold storage. In addition, 1-MCP significantly inhibited the decline of titratable acid and ascorbic acid but had no significant effect on fruit firmness and total soluble solids. Low temperature with or without 1-MCP inhibited the release of ethylene, inhibited the decline in the stalk preservation index, inhibited the increase in decay rate and weight loss rate during storage, and inhibited the increase in the core browning index after 225 days of storage. Different storage temperatures had different effects on the quality of Korla Xiang pears. Despite inhibiting ethylene release, a storage temperature of-1.5℃ increased the respiration rate. Storage at -1.5℃ caused core browning eady during storage due to chilling injury, whereas at 2℃ core browning occurred late during storage due to senescence. In late storage, 1-MCP had no significant effect on the maintenance of Korla Xiang pear quality at 2℃. Based on these results, we determined the optimal combinations of low temperature and 1-MCP treatment to maintain pear quality while avoiding chilling injury. For different marketing times, the optimal conditions for storage until New Year＇s Day （a storage duration of 90 days） are 2℃ or 1-MCP combined with 2℃. For storage until the Spring Festival （a storage duration of 150 days）, the optimal conditions are 0℃ or 1-MCP combined with 0℃, and for storage until May （a storage duration of 225 days）, the best conditions are 1-MCP combined with -1.5℃.展开更多
In order to investigate the effect of dwarfing inter stock on the structure of pear trees,investigations were made to the tree and group structure of the 4-year-old spindle-shaped‘Huangguan'pear grafted with vigo...In order to investigate the effect of dwarfing inter stock on the structure of pear trees,investigations were made to the tree and group structure of the 4-year-old spindle-shaped‘Huangguan'pear grafted with vigorous stock( Pyrus betulaefolia stock) and that grafted with the dwarfing inter stock‘Zhong ai 1 hao'( P. betulaefolia rootstock). The results showed that the 4-year-old‘Huangguan'pear trees grafted with the dwarfing inter stock‘ Zhong ai 1 hao'were 2. 87 m high on average,with 70. 70% of short braches,converted into 21 016. 0 branches per 667 m^2,840. 64 m^2 of leaf area per 667 m^2 with the leaf area coefficient of 1. 75.On the other hand,for the‘Huangguan'trees grafted with vigorous stocks,the average tree height was 3. 17 m,and the short branch proportion was 63. 20%,converted into 15 806. 4 branches per 667 m^2,719. 28 m^2 of leaf area per 667 m^2 with the leaf area coefficient of 1. 55. Therefore,the use of dwarfing inter stock‘Zhong ai 1 hao'had significant dwarfing effect on‘Huangguan'pear trees,which also showed significant yield increasing effect.展开更多
基金supported by the emarked fund for the China Agriculture Research System for National Technology System for Pear Industry(CARS-28-22)the Innovation Project of Modern Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Hebei Province,China(494-0402-YSN-C8RA)+1 种基金the Youth Fund of Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,China(A2015110106)the Finance Special Foundation of Hebei Province,China(494-0402-YBN-0G4L)
文摘The Yali pear（Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.） is susceptible to superficial scald during prolonged cold storage and at shelf life. This study investigated the effects of 1-methylcyclopropene（1-MCP） and modified atmosphere packaging（MAP） on changes of fruit quality and superficial scald during cold storage and at shelf life in Yali pear. Compared with MAP, the combination of MAP and 1-MCP（MAP＋1-MCP） treatment reduced the carbon dioxide and ethylene content inside the packaging bag. The 1-MCP, MAP, and MAP＋1-MCP treatments reduced the superficial scald index, malondialdehyde content, O2^-· production rate and relative conductivity and inhibited the accumulation of α-farnesene and conjugated trienes in the peel. 1-MCP and MAP＋1-MCP treatments maintained a higher phenolic content and enhanced the catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in the fruit, while reduced activities of lipoxygenase and polyphenol oxidase in the peel preceding the onset of superficial scald. Comprehensive analysis indicated that the MAP＋1-MCP treatment is the most effective method tested for improving the quality of Yali pears during cold storage and at shelf life.
基金supported by the Earmarked Fund for Modern Pear-Industry Technology Research System of China (nycytx-29-19)
文摘Studies were conducted over the effects of 1-methylcycolpropene （1-MCP） treatment on postharvest life of Suli pears （Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.） stored at room and cold temperatures on nitric oxide （NO）,nitric oxide synthase （NOS） activity,and hydrogen dioxide （H2O2）.Results showed that the 1-MCP treatment had little effect on total soluble solids （TSS） at both room and cold temperatures.1-MCP delayed softening of Suli pear fruits,decreased respiratory rate and H2O2 accumulation,and increased NO and NOS activity at room temperature storage,while the effect of cold temperature storage was relatively inferior.There was a significant positive correlation between NOS activity and NO content.It is concluded that 1-MCP had effects on endogenous NO content and accumulation of H2O2.Similarly,H2O2 acting as a signaling molecule via regulating NO level affects the ripening and senescence of Suli pears.
基金supported by the Program of Technology Development, Shaanxi Province, China (2003K03-G7)
文摘Dangshansuli pear is one of crisp pears and has a non-climacteric respiratory pattern. Dangshansuli pear fruits were treated with 1 000 or 2 000 μL L-1 diphenylamine （DPA） for 1 min, or with 0.5 μL L-1 1-methylcyclopropene （l-MCP） for 12 h before cold storage at （2±0.5）℃ for up to 210 d. Incidences of superficial scald and related physiological indexes were investigated during storage. The results showed that superficial scald occurred in control fruit with a rate of over 90% after 210 d at cold storage plus 10 d at room temperature. Treatments with 1 000 and 2 000 μL L-1 DPA and 0.5 μL L-1 l-MCP inhibited the accumulation of a-farnesene, conjugated trienes, total phenolic contents, and malondialdehyde （MDA） during storage. The treatments also decreased leakage of cell membrane and the activity of polyphenol oxidase （PPO） in the peel. These results indicate that 1-MCP and DPA treatments inhibit and postpone the occurrence of superficial scald of Dangshansuli pears remarkably in cold storage and post-storage shelf life, respectively, while the mechanisms were different. The results above may provide a theoretical evidence for the agriculture production.
基金supported by a grant from the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFD0400903-06)the emarked fund for China Agriculture Research System (CARS-29-19)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS-ASTIP-2016-RIP-06)
文摘Maintenance of green color is the primary indicator of quality in the market evaluation of Korla Xiang pears at present and can generally be achieved through early harvesting and decreasing the storage temperature, but the fruit quality was reduced by early harvesting, and the decreasing storage temperature increased the risk of chilling injury. The objectives of this study were to determine the optimal storage parameters for different storage times and to find ways to preserve the green skin color of pears. Specifically, we analyzed the effects of the ethylene inhibitor, 1-methylcyclopropene （1-MCP）, combined with low temperature on quality and maintenance of the green color of Korla Xiang pears during storage. We found that 1-MCP and/or low temperature reduced the loss of green color at 20℃ after being removed from cold storage. In addition, 1-MCP significantly inhibited the decline of titratable acid and ascorbic acid but had no significant effect on fruit firmness and total soluble solids. Low temperature with or without 1-MCP inhibited the release of ethylene, inhibited the decline in the stalk preservation index, inhibited the increase in decay rate and weight loss rate during storage, and inhibited the increase in the core browning index after 225 days of storage. Different storage temperatures had different effects on the quality of Korla Xiang pears. Despite inhibiting ethylene release, a storage temperature of-1.5℃ increased the respiration rate. Storage at -1.5℃ caused core browning eady during storage due to chilling injury, whereas at 2℃ core browning occurred late during storage due to senescence. In late storage, 1-MCP had no significant effect on the maintenance of Korla Xiang pear quality at 2℃. Based on these results, we determined the optimal combinations of low temperature and 1-MCP treatment to maintain pear quality while avoiding chilling injury. For different marketing times, the optimal conditions for storage until New Year＇s Day （a storage duration of 90 days） are 2℃ or 1-MCP combined with 2℃. For storage until the Spring Festival （a storage duration of 150 days）, the optimal conditions are 0℃ or 1-MCP combined with 0℃, and for storage until May （a storage duration of 225 days）, the best conditions are 1-MCP combined with -1.5℃.
基金Supported by the China Agriculture Research System(Pear)(CARS-28-36)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31601708)+4 种基金the Agricultural Stock Breeding Project of Shandong Province(2016LZGC034)the Youth Foundation of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2015YQN40)the National Science and Technology Plan for Rural Areas of China(2014BAD16B03-4)the Project for Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXGC2018F03)the Key Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Province(2018CXGC0208)
文摘In order to investigate the effect of dwarfing inter stock on the structure of pear trees,investigations were made to the tree and group structure of the 4-year-old spindle-shaped‘Huangguan'pear grafted with vigorous stock( Pyrus betulaefolia stock) and that grafted with the dwarfing inter stock‘Zhong ai 1 hao'( P. betulaefolia rootstock). The results showed that the 4-year-old‘Huangguan'pear trees grafted with the dwarfing inter stock‘ Zhong ai 1 hao'were 2. 87 m high on average,with 70. 70% of short braches,converted into 21 016. 0 branches per 667 m^2,840. 64 m^2 of leaf area per 667 m^2 with the leaf area coefficient of 1. 75.On the other hand,for the‘Huangguan'trees grafted with vigorous stocks,the average tree height was 3. 17 m,and the short branch proportion was 63. 20%,converted into 15 806. 4 branches per 667 m^2,719. 28 m^2 of leaf area per 667 m^2 with the leaf area coefficient of 1. 55. Therefore,the use of dwarfing inter stock‘Zhong ai 1 hao'had significant dwarfing effect on‘Huangguan'pear trees,which also showed significant yield increasing effect.
