基于PEARLS体系的农村信用社绩效评价体系

科学合理的绩效评价是保持农村信用社健康、快速发展的必要条件之一。在我国,对农信社的绩效评价主要集中在风险防范领域,而对影响农信社发展的盈利能力等因素缺乏考虑。PEARLS体系是世界信用理事会(WOCCU)所倡导的最新、最权威的绩效评价体系。本文以某省2005年—2007年各地区农信社的汇总数据为样本,采用因子分析方法进行实证。结果显示,我国农信社的绩效在过去三年内有所改善,但仍与国际水平有着很大差距。

PEARLS框架式反馈教学法在医学模拟教学中的应用

目的在临床医学模拟教学中探究复盘阶段简便易行的同质化反馈模式,应用PEARLS框架式反馈教学法并进一步探讨其在模拟教学中的应用价值和意义。方法本研究对临床师资团队进行PEARLS框架式反馈教学法做统一培训,在临床医学模拟教学中应用,对规培医师采用问卷调查法对教学效果进行评估。结果调查问卷结果显示实验组和对照组两组规培医生在参与度、积极性、时间合理性上没有显著性差异,在考虑学员心理和学习效果上两组有显著性差异,P<0.05。结论PEARLS框架式反馈教学法是行之有效、简便易行的医学模拟教学反馈方法。

基于PEARLS体系的农村信用社改革绩效评价——以海南省为例

运用世界信用社理事会(WOCCU)的PEARLS指标体系对海南省农信社改革绩效进行了评价,计算得出了样本机构各年度各项PEARLS体系核心指标的取值。将这些指标值与WOCCU理想目标进行比较,找出了各机构在经营中应该着力改进的问题。运用AHP方法和TOPSIS方法,计算了各机构在各年度的综合评分,通过横向和纵向对比,研究了各机构在改革前后总体绩效的变化情况,以及采取不同改革模式的样本机构的综合绩效差异。纵向对比结果表明,海南省农信社在新一轮改革后,总体绩效都得到显著的提高,说明改革总体上是比较成功的。横向对比结果表明,采取股份制改革模式的样本机构的综合绩效要高于采取股份合作制的样本机构。

Ce(Ⅲ) Salt Induced Changes of Superficial Microstructure in Freshwater Pearls

The transition of the superficial microstmcture of freshwater pearls induced by Ce was investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy. The pearls were cultured in freshwater containing 0 （control group ）, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mg·L^-1 of a Ce additive. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） measurement showed that the concentration of Ce absorbed in the superficial microstmcture of pearls was positively correlated to the additive Ce. At the same time, the surface microstmcture of pearls changed greatly with Ce concentration, the shape of the blocks changed from spindly to perfect regular hexagonal sheets and finally to round discs. The glossiness of the pearls changed correspondingly with the microstmcture, pearls possessing the regular hexagonal blocks having the highest glossiness. Therefore, the REE Ce exerted a significant influence on the microstructure and glossiness of freshwater pearls. An appropriate quantity of Ce may improve the glossiness of pearls.

A Modified Integrated Model of the Internal Structure of Chinese Cultured Pearls

Optical and micro-infrared microscope were used to observe the internal structure and mineral composition of high and low quality Chinese seawater and freshwater cultured pearls.Results clearly reveal that aragonite and calcite are found in seawater cultured pearls,but vaterite is not found.In contrast,vaterite and aragonite are found in freshwater cultured pearls,but calcite is not found.Based on our analysis and observations of the internal structure of high and low quality cultured pearls,a modified integrated model of the internal structure of Chinese cultured pearls was established.Our revisions to the previous model focus on significant differences within the prismatic layer of Chinese cultured pearls.

A randomized controlled trial of peeling and aspiration of Elschnig pearls and neodymium: yttrium-aluminiumgarnet laser capsulotomy

AIM: To compare surgical peeling and aspiration and neodymium yttrium garnet laser capsulotomy for pearl form of posterior capsule opacification(PCO).METHODS: A prospective, randomized, double blind,study was done at Rotary Eye Hospital, Maranda,Palampur, India, Santosh Medical College Hospital,Ghaziabad, India and Laser Eye Clinic, Noida India.Consecutive patients with pearl form of PCO following surgery, phacoemulsification, manual small incision cataract surgery and conventional extracapsular cataract extraction(ECCE) for age related cataract, were randomized to have peeling and aspiration or neodymium yttrium garnet laser capsulotomy. Corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA), intra-operative and postoperative complications were compared.RESULTS: A total of 634 patients participated in the study, and 314(49.5%) patients were randomized to surgical peeling and aspiration group and 320(50.5%) to the Nd:YAG laser group. The mean pre-procedural log MAR CDVA in peeling and neodymium: yttrium-aluminium-garnet(Nd:YAG) laser group was 0.80 ±0.25 and 0.86 ±0.22, respectively. The mean final CDVA in peeling group(0.22 ±0.23) was comparable to Nd:YAG group(0.24 ±0.28; t-test, P =0.240). There was a significant improvement in vision after both the procedures(P 【0.001). A slightly higher percentage of patients in Nd:YAG laser group(283/88.3%) than in peeling group(262/83.4%) had a CDVA of 0.5(20/63) or better at 9mo(P 【0.001). On the contrary, patients havingCDVA worse than 1.00(20/200) was also significantly higher in Nd:YAG laser group as compared to peeling group(25/7.7% vs 15/4.7%, respectively). On application of ANCOVA, there was less than 0.001% risk that PCO thickness and total laser energy had no effect on rate of complications in Nd:YAG laser group and less than 0.001% risk that PCO thickness had no effect on complications in peeling group respectively. Sum of square analysis suggests that in the Nd:YAG laser group,thick PCO had a stronger impact on complications(Fischer test probability, P r 【0.0001) than thin PCO and total laser energy(Fischer test probability, P r 【0.002),respectively; similarly, in peeling group, thick PCO and preoperative vision had a stronger effect on complications than thin PCO, respectively(Fischer test probability, P r 【0.001). The rate of complications like uveitis(P =0.527) and cystoid macular edema(P =0.068),did not differ significantly between both the groups.However, intraocular pressure spikes(P =0.046) and retinal detachment(P【0.001) were significantly higher in Nd:YAG laser group as compared to peeling group.Retinal detachment was more common in patients having degenerative myopia(7/87.5%, P 【0.001). Recurrence of pearls was the most common cause of reduction of vision in the peeling group(24/7.6%, P 【0.001).CONCLUSION: There is no alternative to Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy for fibrous subtype of PCO. For pearl form of PCO, both techniques are comparable with regard to visual outcomes. Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy has a higher incidence of IOP spikes and retinal detachment whereas recurrence of pearls may occur after successful peeling and aspiration. When posterior capsulotomy is needed in patients with retinal degenerations,retinopathies and pre-existing retinal breaks, the clinician should be cautious about increased risks of possible complications of Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy.

基于PEARLS指标体系的农村信用社绩效评价

文章构建基于WOCCU的PEARLS评价指标体系，对吉林省的农村信用社进行绝对绩效评价，为分析农村信用社内部管理、外部监管、第三方评级以及绩效影响因素分析提供基础，为分析农村信用社的改革绩效提供理论参考。

The crystal structure of pearls and related shellfish's shells

In this article we explored the crystal structure of a few pearls and shellfish's shell of fresh water and sea water, and found that pearls and nacreous layer (perhaps and prismatic layer) of shells are all the same: CaCO3, orthorhombic system, aragonite structure and the value of lattice spacings are almost identical. This shows that the pearls of fresh water and sea water are all the same in nature.

China in South Asia: A Strategy of „Strings of Pearls‟?

China‟s growing engagement in various sectors in South Asia poses challenges to India‟s regional dominant position.China has started billions of dollars investment for infrastructure development,especially in those states who are part of its Belt and Road initiatives(BRI).Indian scholars consider Beijing‟s Indian Ocean centric investment including sea port expansion as a policy of controlling India by creating„string of pearls,‟those small countries as a vital„pearl‟in this„string‟.On the contrary,China claims that it is not anything concerning security in South Asia;rather,she looks for economic gain as well as a win-win situation for all.Except for India,all countries of this region have already welcomed their participation in the BRI.In order to illustrate the opposite perceptions of India and China,the paper aims to explore either China‟s investment in the South Asian region is for its strategic gain or more economic expansions.I argue that China‟s growing influence in South Asia should not be considered as a strategy of„encirclement‟against India.Nevertheless,the article concludes here if New Delhi and Beijing is looking forward to making a success of BRI,it certainly will bring crucial geopolitical and economic gain.

Small Pearls,Big Profits

On the night of the Qixi Festival,Chinese Valentine's Day,which fell on August 22 this year,Yao Xiaofang,a 71-year-old pearl wholesaler,livestreamed until midnight,later than usual.She did so because of the extraordinary enthusiasm of her viewers.With the username Pearl Grandma on video-sharing platform Douyin,China's TikTok,she has more than 1 million fans and has gained popularity online for her profound knowledge of pearls.

Pearls of Wisdom

精神的财富是唯一的财富。The wealth of the mind is the only wealth.怀疑是知识的钥匙。Doubt is the key to knowledge.大千世界,无奇不有。

Pearls of Wisdom

人只要奋斗就会犯错误。Man errs so long as he strives.忍耐是痛苦的,但它的果实是甜蜜的。Patience is bitter,but its fruit is sweet.总有一次哭泣,让人瞬间长大。There is always a cry when people instantly grow up.

Pearls of Wisdom

你应该为你在乎的事情冒险。对明天最好的准备就是今天做到最好。先相信你自己,然后别人才会相信你。行动不一定带来快乐,但快乐总是源于行动。

Industrial Carbon Emission Distribution and Regional Joint Emission Reduction:A Case Study of Cities in the Pearl River Basin,China

China’s low-carbon development path will make significant contributions to achieving global sustainable development goals.Due to the diverse natural and economic conditions across different regions in China,there exists an imbalance in the distribution of car-bon emissions.Therefore,regional cooperation serves as an effective means to attain low-carbon development.This study examined the pattern of carbon emissions and proposed a potential joint emission reduction strategy by utilizing the industrial carbon emission intens-ity(ICEI)as a crucial factor.We utilized social network analysis and Local Indicators of Spatial Association(LISA)space-time trans-ition matrix to investigate the spatiotemporal connections and discrepancies of ICEI in the cities of the Pearl River Basin(PRB),China from 2010 to 2020.The primary drivers of the ICEI were determined through geographical detectors and multi-scale geographically weighted regression.The results were as follows:1)the overall ICEI in the Pearl River Basin is showing a downward trend,and there is a significant spatial imbalance.2)There are numerous network connections between cities regarding the ICEI,but the network structure is relatively fragile and unstable.3)Economically developed cities such as Guangzhou,Foshan,and Dongguan are in the center of the network while playing an intermediary role.4)Energy consumption,industrialization,per capita GDP,urbanization,science and techno-logy,and productivity are found to be the most influential variables in the spatial differentiation of ICEI,and their combination in-creased the explanatory power of the geographic variation of ICEI.Finally,through the analysis of differences and connections in urban carbon emissions under different economic levels and ICEI,the study suggests joint carbon reduction strategies,which are centered on carbon transfer,financial support,and technological assistance among cities.

Effects of magnetic field on fluidization properties of magnetic pearls

An experimental study of the influence of external magnetic field on the fluidization behavior of magnetic pearls was carried out. Magnetic pearls are a magnetic form of iron oxide that mainly consists of Fe2O3 which are recovered from a high-volume power plant fly ash from pulverized coal combustion. Due to its abundance, low price and particular physical and chemical properties, magnetic pearls can be used as a heavy medium for minerals or solid waste dry separation based on density difference. This paper introduces the properties of magnetic pearls and compares the performance of magnetic pearls fluidised bed operation with or without an external magnetic field. Experimental results show that an external magnetic field significantly improves the fluidization performance of magnetic pearls such as uniformity and stability.

Characteristics of transfer zones under the influence of preexisting faults and regional stress transformation:Wenchang A subsag,Zhujiang River Mouth Basin,northern South China Sea

A transfer zone in rift basins preserves important information on regional tectonic evolution and plays significant roles in hydrocarbon accumulation.Based on the systematic analysis of 3D seismic data and hydrocarbon accumulation conditions,the geometry,kinematics,and reservoir control of a large synthetic overlapping transfer zone in the south of the Wenchang A subsag in the Zhujiang(Pearl)River Mouth basin were investigated.Results indicate that the development and evolution of the transfer zone was controlled by the interaction between pre-existing faults and regional stress transformation.The intense rifting of the main faults of the transfer zone controlled the development of source rocks and faultcontrolled slope break paleogeomorphology.The strike-slip overprint since the Oligocene is conducive to the formation of a large-scale fault-anticline trap,and the secondary faults in the transfer zone contribute to the hydrocarbon transportation.The conjugate intersection area of the NE-and NW-trending faults offers more opportunity for hydrocarbon migration and accumulation.

Geometry and 3D seismic characterisation of post-rift normal faults in the Pearl River Mouth Basin,northern South China Sea

Based on high-resolution 3D seismic data acquired in the Pearl(Zhujiang)River Mouth Basin of the northern South China Sea,this study investigated the geometry,spatial extension,and throw distribution of the post-rift normal fault through detailed seismic interpretation and fault modeling.A total of 289 post-rift normal faults were identified in the study area and can be classified into four types:(1)isolated normal faults above the carbonate platform;(2)isolated normal faults cutting through the carbonate platform;(3)conjugate normal faults,and(4)connecting normal faults.Throw distribution analysis on the fault planes show that the vertical throw profiles of most normal fault exhibit flat-topped profiles.Isolated normal faults above the carbonate platform exhibit roughly concentric ellipses with maximum throw zones in the central section whereas the normal faults cutting through the carbonate platform miss the lowermost section due to the chaotic seismic reflections in the interior of the carbonate platform.The vertical throws of conjugate normal faults anomalously decrease toward their intersection region on the fault plane whereas the connecting normal faults present two maximum throw zones in the central section of the fault plane.According to the symmetric elliptical distribution model of fault throw,an estimation was made indicating that normal faults cutting through the carbonate platform extended downward between-1308 s and-1780 s(two-way travel time)in depth and may not penetrate the entire Liuhua carbonate platform.Moreover,it is observed that the distribution of karst caves on the top of the carbonate platform disaccord with those of hydrocarbon reservoirs and the post-rift normal faults cutting through the carbonate platform in the study area.We propose that these karst caves formed most probably by corrosive fluids derived from magmatic activities during the Dongsha event,rather than pore waters or hydrocarbons.

Astronomical influence of the development of Paleogene thin coal seam groups in offshore Lacustrine basins:A case study of the ZhuⅠDepression's Enping Formation located in the northern South China Sea

The development of the Paleogene coal seams in China's offshore basin areas generally had the characteristics of coal measures with large thicknesses,large numbers of coal seams,thin single coal seams,poor stability,scattered vertical distribution,and a wide distribution range.This study selected the Enping Formation of the ZhuⅠDepression in the northern section of the South China Sea as an example to determine the macro-control factors of the development of the Paleogene coal seam groups.An analysis was carried out on the influencing effects and patterns of the astronomical cycles related to the development of the thin coal seam groups in the region.A floating astronomical time scale of the Enping Formation was established,and the sedimentary time limit of the Enping Formation was determined to be approximately 6.15 Ma±.In addition,the cyclostratigraphy analysis results of the natural gamma-ray data of Well XJ in the Enping Formation of the Xijiang Sag revealed that the development of the thin coal seams had probably been affected by short eccentricity and precession factors.The formation process of coal seams was determined to have been affected by high seasonal contrast,precipitation,and insolation.During the periods with high values of short eccentricity,the seasonal contrasts tended to be high.During those periods,fluctuations in the precession controls resulted in periodic volume changes in precipitation and insolation of the region,resulting in the development of thin coal seams.It was also found that the periods with low precession were the most conducive to coal seam development.On that basis,combined with such factors as sedimentary environmental conditions conducive to the development of thin coal seam groups,this study established a theoretical model of the comprehensive influences of short eccentricity and precession on the development and distribution of Paleogene thin coal seam groups in offshore lacustrine basins.The patterns of the Paleogene astronomical periods and paleoclimate evolution,along with the control factors which impacted the development of thin coal seam groups in offshore lacustrine basins,were revealed.

Hydrothermal treatment of pearl millet grains:Effects on nutritional composition,antinutrients and flour properties

Pearl millet(Pennisetum glaucum)is one of the major millets with high nutritional properties.This crop exhibits exceptional resilience to drought and high temperatures.However,the processing of pearl millet poses a significant challenge due to its high lipid content,enzyme activity,and presence of antinutrients.Consequently,it becomes imperative to enhance the quality and prolong the shelf life of pearl millet flour by employing suitable technologies.Hydrothermal treatment in the food industry has long been seen as promising due to its potential to reduce microbial load,inactivate enzymes,and improve nutrient retention.This study aims to investigate the effects of hydrothermal treatment on the quality characteristics of pearl millet.The independent variables of the study were soaking temperature(35,45,55℃),soaking time(2,3,4 h),and steaming time(5,10,15 min).Treatment conditions had a statistically significant effect on nutrient retention.Major antinutrients like tannins and phytates were reduced by 0.99% to 5.94% and 0.36% to 6.00%,respectively,after the treatment.Lipase activity decreased significantly up to 10% with the treatment conditions.The findings of this study could potentially encourage the use of pearl millet flour in the production of various food items and promote the application of hydrothermal treatment in the field of food processing.