Construction and Immunogenicity of Recombinant Lactococcus lactis Expressing S1 Protein of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus(PEDV)

To evaluate the specific immune responses induced by recombinant Lactococcus lactis（L.lactis） which expresses porcine epidemic diarrhea virus（PEDV） S1 protein through oral administration,the spike gene fragment of PEDV was amplified from PEDV SDLY strain to construct p MG36 e-S1 recombinant plasmid.The recombinant plasmid was then electro-transferred into competent cells of L.lactis MG1363,to prepare the recombinant L.lactis expressing S1 protein of PEDV.The expression of target protein was identified by SDS-PAGE and Western-blot.New Zealand white rabbits were orally administered with the recombinant strain;the antibody titer in intestinal mucosa and serum was detected by neutralizing test;and the specific Ig G in serum was evaluated by indirect ELISA.The results showed that the recombinant L.lactis could effectively induce high level of Ig G in serum and high level of mucosal immune antibody.The recombinant L.lactis is qualified to be a potential oral vaccine because it could successfully stimulate both humoral and mucosal immune responses against PEDV.

Isolation and Identification of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus(PEDV) HLJ Strain with IPEC-J2 Cells and Phylogenetic Analysis of Its S Gene

Porcine epidemic diarrhea(PED)is caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV),and is characterized by vomiting,diarrhea and dehydration of suckling pigs from 80% to 100% morbidity and 50% to 90% mortality,and resulted in tremendous economic losses to swine industry.The PEDV mainly infects small intestine of pigs,resulting in vacuolar degeneration and necrosis of mucosal epithelium.The IPEC-J2 is a pig intestine epithelial cell line,which is similar to the intestinal environment of piglets,can be used to isolate and identify the PEDV field isolates.In this study,it appeared the PEDV typical postmortem changes and histopathological lesion of degeneration and destruction of small intestine in infected piglets,and IHC identified that the PEDV distributed in the mucosa and submucosa of small intestine mostly.Furthermore,the PEDV HLJ strain was successfully isolated and characterized in the IPEC-J2 cells,and indicated that the IPEC-J2 cell line was sensitive to isolate and adapt the PEDV field strain,and could be utilized to multiply the PEDV rapidly.The S gene analysis indicated that the PEDV HLJ strain was the prevailed virus,belonged to Group 1 with attenuated virulent DR13,SC1402 and J-S2/2015 strains isolated in South Korea and China from 2014 to 2015.This study had important theoretical and practical significances on analyzing genetic variation of the PEDV,understanding the pathogenic characteristics of the virus and developing new vaccines for the PED.

Screening of Host Proteins Interacting with PorcineEpidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) N Protein by YeastTwo-hybrid System

[Objective] The paper was to obtain host proteins interacting with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus （PEDV） N protein. [Method] The re-combinant vector pGBKT7-N of PEDV N gene was constructed and used as the bait plasmid to screen the proteins interacting with N protein ofPEDV from the cDNA library of porcine alveolar macrophage （PAM） by yeast two-hybrid method. [Result] There was no toxicity and self activationof bait protein in yeast hybridization system, and six proteins （FTH1, LGALS3, CORO1C, SNRPG, KRTAP5-3, ZNF598） interacting with N proteinwere indentified. It was confirmed that LGALS3 and SNRPG had specific interaction with N protein by return experiment and co-immunoprecipitation（CoIP） test. [Conclusion] The study lays a foundation for further studying the function of PEDV N protein and the pathogenic mechanism of PEDV.

Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus in Guangxi Province from 2011 to 2014 and Sequence Analysis of Its M Gene

Detection of pigs epidemic diarrhea virus （PEDV） was conducted on 331 piglets diarrhea fecal samples collected in Nanning, Yulin and other 12 areas of Guangxi Province from January of 2011 to April of 2014 by the method of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. The results showed that the positive samples of PEDV were 210 and the positive rate was 63.44%. The clone and sequencing of M gene was carried out on 25 positive samples. PEDV reference strains were selected from GeneBank to conduct the sequence homology alignment analysis and the phylogenetic tree of M gene. The M gene homology and amino acid sequence identity between 25 isolated strains and 51 reference strains were 96.0% - 99.6% and 94.3% - 99.6%, respectively. The genetic variation anal- ysis of M gene showed that the genetic relationship of PEDV prevalent strains in Guangxi Province from 2013 to 2014 was close to that of the prevalent strains in Bei- jing, Anhui, Wuhan, Hebei and Guangdong from 2010 to 2013, and which were far from that of the Chinese early isolates CH/S （GenBank number： JN547228 ）, vaccine strain CV777 （GenBank number： AF353511 ） and Attenuated DR13 （GenBank number： JQ023162）. Indicating that the PEDV strains prevalent in Guan- gxi in recent years showed significant variation with the early isolates.

Real-time Fluorescence Reverse-transcription Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification for Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus

Porcine epidemic diarrhea,a highly contagious enteric infectious disease caused by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus（ PEDV） with symptoms of vomit,diarrhea,loss of appetite of suckling pig,has led to serious economic loss to the global swine industry. In this study,a real-time fluorescence reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification（ RT-LAMP） assay was developed to detect PEDV RNA. The real-time fluorescence RT-LAMP assay was performed at62 ℃ for 60 min,using a simple and portable device,the ESE-Quant Tube Scanner. The detection limit of RNA was 2. 9 × 10~6 copies/μl,10 times as sensitive as RT-PCR,and the detection was specific only to PEDV. Application of this method to clinical samples yielded a positivity rate of 93%,which was higher than that of RT-PCR. This technique saves time and is efficient,and is thus expected to be useful for the diagnosis of PEDV infection in the field.

Porcine NF-κB p65 Subunit:Molecular Characterization,Tissue Expression and Transcriptional Profile in Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus-infected IPEC-J2 Cells

The p65 protein is a functional subunit of NF-κB family and exhibits a crucial role in host immune and inflammatory responses,apoptosis and tumor proliferation if improperly-regulated.Given its ubiquitous association with nearly all the animal cells and its pleotropic functions,the gene encoding NF-κB p65 subunit was cloned and sequenced from porcine kidney(PK-15)cells.The gene was 1662 bp in length,encoded a 553-amino acid protein and contained the prototypical NF-κB functional domains.Real-time quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot were used to characterize the transcription and expression levels of the p65 in different pig tissues.The results indicated that the p65 gene and protein were both broadly expressed in pig tissues,but most highly expressed in the intestine-associated lymph nodes and the lungs.To localize the recombinant protein in intestinal porcine epithelial cells(IPEC-J2),the gene was subcloned into the vector pEGFP(pEGFP-p65).Using fluorescence microscopy,the protein was found confined to the cytoplasm in normal cells;however,during porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV)infection,mRNA and protein expression were significantly up-regulated and the protein exhibited an overt tendency for nuclear translocalization consistent with a regulatory role in antiviral innate immunity.

猪流行性腹泻病毒PEDV SD株的分离及体外3D肠道类器官感染模型建立

猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)是一种主要感染仔猪小肠的肠道冠状病毒。本研究旨在建立一种用于PEDV体外研究的仔猪小肠类器官模型。首先从PEDV发病猪场的临床仔猪腹泻样品中分离PEDV并进行全基因组测序,结果显示成功分离1株PEDV,命名为PEDV SD株。另外采用肠道类器官的培养技术,从10日龄健康仔猪小肠中分离小肠隐窝组织,经过体外培养7 d左右分化成具有肠道隐窝结构的猪小肠类器官,并能进行连续传代。然后将分离的PEDV SD株感染传代培养的猪小肠道类器官,通过间接免疫荧光试验显示PEDV可以很好地感染猪小肠道类器官,表明成功建立了PEDV感染肠道类器官的模型。猪小肠类器官感染模型可以在体外很好地重现PEDV感染肠道细胞的复杂结构的过程,为深入研究PEDV的致病机制提供一种新的可再生的体外研究模型。

PEDV、PoRVA和PDCoV TaqMan三重RT-qPCR检测方法的建立与初步应用

旨在建立一种可快速同时检测猪流行性腹泻病毒(porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, PEDV)、猪A群轮状病毒(porcine rotavirus type A, PoRVA)和猪丁型冠状病毒(porcine deltacoronavirus, PDCoV)三重荧光定量PCR方法。针对PEDV-N、PoRVA-VP6和PDCoV-M基因设计了引物和探针,条件优化后进行性能评估,并与商品化试剂盒检测对比。结果显示:本研究建立的三重RT-qPCR方法具有良好特异性,对PRRSV、PCV_2和PRV等阳性核酸不发生扩增;具有较高的敏感性,PEDV、PoRVA和PDCoV的最低检测限均达1 copies·μL^(-1);重复性良好,组内和组间变异系数均小于1%;样本适应性广,检测不同样本类型时,变异系数均小于1%。与商品化试剂盒对比,本研究建立的方法PEDV和PoRVA的检测符合率为92.5%和97.5%,并对PDCoV的检测范围更广,对其变异毒株仍有较好的检测效果。本研究建立的检测方法具有特异性好、敏感性高、稳定性强和样本适应性广等优势,为临床腹泻样本提供了一种好的检测方法。

基于网络药理学和分子对接探究白杨素和柚皮素抗PEDV的作用机制及试验验证

【目的】探讨白杨素和柚皮素抗猪流行性腹泻病毒(Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus,PEDV)的作用靶点和机制,为进一步以白杨素和柚皮素开发新型抗PEDV的治疗药物提供理论依据。【方法】利用PharmMapper、TCMSP、SEA Search Server和STITCH在线数据库获得白杨素和柚皮素的潜在作用靶点,同时检索GeneCards数据库获得PEDV对宿主的作用靶点,利用在线程序Draw Venny Diagram获取白杨素、柚皮素与疾病的交集靶点。通过STRING数据库和Cytoscape 3.9.1软件构建靶蛋白互作(PPI)网络并筛选关键靶点,对靶点进行GO功能和KEGG通路富集分析。通过AutoDock Vina v 1.2.0软件对核心靶点及小分子进行分子对接,并分析白杨素和柚皮素与靶蛋白的结合能和结合模式,利用PyMOL v 2.5实现对接结果的可视化。采用实时荧光定量PCR和Western blotting检测白杨素和柚皮素对核心靶蛋白表达的影响。【结果】白杨素潜在抗PEDV的靶点有12个,其中白蛋白(ALB)、雌激素受体1(ESR1)、转化生长因子β-1蛋白(TGF-β1)可能是白杨素抗PEDV的核心靶点;柚皮素潜在抗PEDV的靶点有18个,其中ALB、胱天蛋白酶3(Caspase-3,CASP3)、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARG)可能是柚皮素抗PEDV的核心靶点。白杨素抗PEDV靶点涉及21种生物过程、5种细胞组分和6种分子功能,共获得11条信号通路;柚皮素抗PEDV靶点涉及31种生物过程、8种细胞组分和19种分子功能,共获得13条信号通路。核心靶点与两种天然化合物之间以氢键和疏水作用力为主,有较强的相互作用。白杨素和柚皮素能极显著降低Caspase-3表达量(P<0.01),可能通过影响Caspase-3的表达和活化来颉颃PEDV诱导的细胞凋亡;极显著升高TGF-β1蛋白表达量(P<0.01),可能通过影响TGF-β1的表达抗PEDV诱导的炎症反应而治疗PEDV的感染。【结论】本研究揭示了白杨素和柚皮素分别通过潜在核心靶点ALB、ESR1、TGF-β1和ALB、Caspase-3、PPARG,以及IL17、PI3K-Akt和AMPK信号通路发挥抗PEDV作用的机制,为新型抗PEDV药物的研发提供新的思路。

猪肉及制品中HEV、PEDV和PDCoV三重qPCR方法的建立与应用

人兽共患病引发的动物源性食品安全事件频发,为从食品原料源头上控制和保障其食用安全,控制猪肉及其制品消费成本,本研究构建了可同时检测猪肉及制品中戊型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis E virus,HEV)、猪流行性腹泻病毒(Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus,PEDV)和猪δ冠状病毒(Porcine delta corona virus,PDCoV)三重实时荧光定量PCR(Real-time Quantitative PCR,qPCR)方法。结果表明,三重qPCR方法只能扩增出3种目的病毒的特异性基因片段,特异性好;对HEV、PEDV和PDCoV三种病毒的最低检测限分别为6.02、6.98、6.92 copies/μL;组内和组间变异系数(CV%)在0.10%~3.00%之间,重复性好。将所建立方法应用于248份出口猪肉及制品和282份生猪粪拭子的检测,同时以相应病毒标准检测方法进行平行检测,结果显示猪肉及制品中三种病毒的检出率均为0%,与标准方法检测结果一致。生猪粪拭子中,该方法对PEDV、PDCoV和HEV三种病毒的检出率分别为1.06%、3.19%、0.35%,标准方法检出率分别为1.06%、3.19%、0%。研究表明,建立的三重qPCR检测方法能准确快速地检测猪肉及制品或生猪样品中三种病毒,为保障生鲜猪肉及其制品市场流通和阻断病毒食源性传播提供技术支持。

猪源粪肠球菌分离鉴定及其对PEDV复制的影响

为研究粪肠球菌对PEDV复制的影响,试验从9日龄健康仔猪粪便中分离粪肠球菌,通过形态学观察、生化试验和16S rDNA测序完成分离株初步鉴定,并利用qRT-PCR试验方法探究分离菌株对PEDV复制的影响。结果表明:从仔猪粪便中分离得到一株革兰氏阳性链状排列的球菌,其生化鉴定结果均符合粪肠球菌特征,16S rDNA测序结果表明分离菌株与登录号为MT604811、MT544905的粪肠球菌同源性高达100%,确定此分离菌株为粪肠球菌,命名为E1。qRT-PCR结果显示,菌株E1的培养液、全菌体及过滤上清液对PEDV的复制均有抑制作用,且E1培养液与IPEC-J2细胞预孵育时对PEDV复制的抑制作用最为显著。研究成功分离一株猪源粪肠球菌,此分离株E1可在体外抑制PEDV的复制,其结果为病毒性肠道疾病的防治提供新的理论基础。

PEDV G2突变株动力学特征比较研究

[目的]本研究旨在通过对猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)经连续传代后的毒株(PEDV-BJ-150)进行全面研究,探究其生物学特性、遗传变异、致病能力和细胞适应性,以评估其作为潜在减毒疫苗株的潜力。[方法]通过对PEDV-BJ-150和原始PEDV-BJ-01毒株进行细胞培养、动物感染试验和基因组测序,评估其在不同细胞系中的增殖能力、病毒滴度、致病性以及基因组的核苷酸序列变异并利用动物模型评估其感染特性和病理变化。[结果]PEDV-BJ-150经连续传代后在Vero-M细胞中表现出更高的增殖能力和滴度,尤其在悬浮适应株Vero-M和贴壁适应株Vero-M中表现出显著的滴度差异。实验结果显示其在体内感染后的致病性降低,尤其在肺部未检测到病毒存在,鼻翼和小肠部位显示更高的病毒滴度。此外,基因组测序结果表明PEDV-BJ-150的S蛋白存在多个位置的氨基酸突变,可能影响其细胞嗜性和致病能力。[结论]本研究发现经连续传代的PEDV-BJ-150在体内表现出的毒力和致病能力明显降低,表明其有作为减毒疫苗株的潜力。特别是S蛋白中的连续性氨基酸缺失可能导致病毒致病性降低,这为疫苗研发提供了新的思路。此外,研究发现不同组织对PEDV的感染特性不同,这对于深入了解病毒传播机制具有重要意义。本研究的创新之处在于发现了PEDV经连续传代后的致病性变化和S蛋白突变对病毒特性的影响,为病毒进化和疫苗设计提供了新的见解。这项研究为了解PEDV的病毒学特性和毒力变化提供了重要线索,对于病毒疫苗研发和应对疫情具有潜在的应用前景。

一株PEDV广东流行株S1基因遗传进化分析及其在昆虫细胞中的表达纯化

为了解猪流行性腹泻病毒广东流行株的S1基因流行变异情况,制备相应的诊断试剂,试验采用RT-PCR从猪流行性腹泻疑似发病仔猪的肠道内容物中扩增获得S1基因,利用生物信息学软件构建S1基因的遗传进化树.将S1基因克隆至杆状病毒穿梭质粒pFastBac1,转化至DH10Bac感受态细胞中,经抗生素筛选重组杆粒,把重组杆粒转染到昆虫细胞Sf9,盲传3代后进行间接免疫荧光试验和Western blot鉴定.结果表明:该猪流行性腹泻病毒广东流行株分布于GII-b分支,与国内猪流行性腹泻病毒分离株(HN-HB1-2018、HBHA2015)的核苷酸相似性为98.0%~98.3%,而与猪流行性腹泻病毒经典毒株CV777、DR13的核苷酸相似性仅为89.9%~90.0%.且S1重组蛋白可在昆虫细胞Sf9中以细胞培养分泌上清的形式表达.本研究可为猪流行性腹泻病毒的流行现状研究提供参考,以及后续猪流行性腹泻病毒诊断制品的研发提供前期基础.

猪流行性腹泻病毒上海株PEDV/CHSH/2019的分离鉴定及遗传分析

为了解2019年上海地区猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)流行毒株的基因特征及其致病性,本研究将该地区猪的PEDV阳性样品接种Vero E6细胞连续盲传,成功分离了PEDV/CHSH/2019毒株。基于RT-PCR及第二代测序技术完成了该毒株的全基因组测序,利用GenBank中公布的PEDV毒株序列对其进行全基因序列同源性比对及遗传进化树分析。结果显示:PEDV/CHSH/2019与我国近年来流行毒株序列一致性为97.71%~99.96%,明显高于LZC、CV777、DR13、SM98、SD-M等早期经典毒株,属于重组毒株G2-b亚群;基于S蛋白区域的变异分析发现,与经典CV777毒株相比,第58~61、139位发生了氨基酸的插入,第161和162位发生了氨基酸的缺失,而与近年来强毒株S蛋白的氨基酸序列较为一致。本研究结果将为掌握上海地区PEDV最新流行毒株的基因组特性、进化趋势和完善疫苗防控策略提供理论依据。

非洲绿猴FILIP1L真核表达质粒的构建及其抑制PEDV复制的研究

为探究FILIP1L(filamin A-interacting protein 1-like)蛋白对猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)的影响,以Vero细胞中提取的总RNA反转录的cDNA为模板,PCR扩增出FILIP1L基因,克隆到p3×FLAG-CMV-10真核表达载体上。过表达或沉默FILIP1L基因,通过免疫印迹和定量PCR检测FILIP1L蛋白的表达情况,并研究其抗病毒功能。结果:成功构建3×FLAG-CMV-10-FILIP1L重组质粒,转染后能够正常表达。PEDV感染Vero细胞后,FILIP1L基因的mRNA表达显著上调;过表达FILIP1L基因显著抑制PEDV的复制;下调FILIP1L的表达可显著促进PEDV的复制。综上,FILIP1L蛋白能够抑制PEDV在Vero细胞的复制,研究结果为寻找新的抗PEDV药物靶点和研发新型疫苗提供理论依据。

Identification of niclosamide as a novel antiviral agent against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection by targeting viral internalization

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV),an enteropathogenic coronavirus,has catastrophic impacts on the global pig industry.However,there remain no effective drugs against PEDV infection.In this study,we utilized a recombinant PEDV expressing renilla luciferase(PEDV-Rluc)to screen potential anti-PEDV agents from an FDAapproved drug library in Vero cells.Four compounds were identified that significantly decreased luciferase activity of PEDV-Rluc.Among them,niclosamide was further characterized because it exhibited the most potent antiviral activity with the highest selectivity index.It can efficiently inhibit viral RNA synthesis,protein expression and viral progeny production of classical and variant PEDV strains in a dose-dependent manner.Time of addition assay showed that niclosamide exhibited potent anti-PEDV activity when added simultaneously with or after virus infection.Furthermore,niclosamide significantly inhibited the entry stage of PEDV infection by affecting viral internalization rather than viral attachment to cells.In addition,a combination with other small molecule inhibitors of endosomal acidification enhanced the anti-PEDV effect of niclosamide in vitro.Taken together,these findings suggested that niclosamide is a novel antiviral agent that might provide a basis for the development of novel drug therapies against PEDV and other related pathogenic coronavirus infections.

猪A3Z2基因生物信息学分析及其对PEDV复制的抑制作用

【目的】对猪源载脂蛋白B mRNA编辑酶催化多肽蛋白3(apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide protein 3,APOBEC3,简称A3)家族的A3Z2基因进行克隆、生物信息学分析,筛选稳定表达A3Z2的IPEC-J2细胞,研究A3Z2对猪流行性腹泻病毒(Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, PEDV)增殖的影响,以期为研究A3Z2的抗病毒功能奠定基础。【方法】以IPEC-J2细胞总RNA为模板,采用RT-PCR法扩增猪A3Z2基因CDS区,并对其进行遗传进化和生物信息学分析。构建pcDNA3.1-3×Flag-A3Z2载体,将其转染IPEC-J2细胞后经G418筛选、有限稀释法和单克隆细胞培养,获得稳定表达A3Z2的细胞株。分别采用间接免疫荧光试验和Western blotting方法鉴定A3Z2的表达,采用实时荧光定量PCR和Western blotting方法分析PEDV N基因的mRNA和蛋白表达水平。【结果】猪A3Z2基因CDS区长843 bp,编码280个氨基酸,分子质量约为32.7 ku,不存在跨膜区及信号肽切割位点,主要存在于细胞核中。A3Z2蛋白二级结构由α-螺旋(27.14%)、延伸链(17.86%)、β-转角(6.43%)和无规则卷曲(48.75%)构成。通过细胞筛选获得稳定表达A3Z2的细胞株IPEC-J2-A3Z2;间接免疫荧光方法和Western blotting结果显示,A3Z2能在IPEC-J2细胞中表达。实时荧光定量PCR和Western blotting结果显示,细胞株IPEC-J2-A3Z2中PEDV N基因的mRNA和蛋白表达均被A3Z2抑制。【结论】本研究成功克隆了猪A3Z2基因,筛选获得了IPEC-J2-A3Z2细胞株,证实了A3Z2抑制PEDV复制的作用,为研究PEDV与A3Z2相互作用的分子机制和以此为靶点筛选抗PEDV新药提供了思路。

表达PEDV S蛋白重组仙台病毒的构建及其免疫原性研究

为构建表达猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)S蛋白的重组仙台病毒(SeV),并评价其诱导的特异性免疫应答反应,利用PCR扩增得到PEDV中国流行株的全长S基因,构建含S基因的重组仙台病毒感染性克隆质粒(pBeloBAC-SeV-PEDV-S),并拯救重组病毒SeV-PEDV-S。对重组病毒进行鉴定并测定其生长曲线以确定成功获得表达PEDV S蛋白的重组仙台病毒。将表达S蛋白的仙台病毒免疫小鼠;间接免疫荧光和Western blot试验检测血清中特异性抗体的产生;利用脾脏淋巴细胞分离和流式细胞技术检测特异性T淋巴细胞增殖反应;对血清中的中和抗体效价进行评价。结果表明:重组仙台病毒能特异性表达PEDV S蛋白,且与野生型仙台病毒有一致的生长曲线;免疫小鼠后,重组仙台病毒能有效刺激小鼠产生特异性抗体,诱导较高的中和抗体水平,且能显著促进PEDV特异性T淋巴细胞增殖。综上,该试验为进一步研究重组仙台病毒在猪体上的免疫反应奠定了基础,也为新一代安全有效的PEDV活载体疫苗的研发提供了策略。

3种中药在体外对PEDV的抑制作用

[目的]筛选抗猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)的有效中药单体及其作用节点。[方法]选择3种中药单体进行体外抗病毒试验,通过对病毒3个节点(抑制吸附穿入、直接杀灭、抑制复制)进行药物作用,评价CCK-8法、间接免疫荧光法和Western blot的对抗病毒效果。[结果]黄芩苷和水飞蓟在病毒吸附和穿入阶段抗病毒效果好,而诃子抗病毒效果较差;CCK-8测试显示,黄芩苷和水飞蓟最大抑制率分别为82.34%和78.00%,间接免疫荧光和Western blot进一步验证黄芩苷和水飞蓟能降低绿色荧光强度及抑制病毒N蛋白的表达,且2种药物抗病毒作用均呈现一定的浓度依赖性。[结论]该研究结果可为后续抗PEDV药物的筛选提供科学依据。

永生化猪视网膜色素上皮细胞的建立及初步应用

【目的】建立永生化猪视网膜色素上皮细胞系,为病毒学研究提供一种新的细胞材料。【方法】合成猪腺病毒3型E1基因,将其克隆至真核表达质粒pCI-neo中,构建E1基因真核表达质粒pCI-neo-E1,进行PCR和测序鉴定。提取pCI-neo-E1质粒,转染原代猪视网膜色素上皮细胞,用新霉素G418筛选猪永生化视网膜色素上皮细胞系(RPECs)。检测RPECs的角蛋白18和19,通过细胞计数测定其生长曲线,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期,并对其进行染色体核型分析。分别将猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)CV77毒株、猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)DBN-SX07株和猪伪狂犬病毒(PRV)Bartha-K61株接种RPECs,同时将PEDV CV77毒株接种绿猴肾细胞(Vero细胞),将PCV2 DBN-SX07株接种猪肾细胞(PK15细胞),将PRV Bartha-K61株接种仓鼠肾成纤维细胞(BHK细胞),观察细胞病变效应(CPE),并采用间接免疫荧光法测定病毒的滴度。【结果】PCR和测序结果显示,真核表达质粒pCI-neo-E1构建成功。将pCI-neo-E1转染原代猪视网膜色素上皮细胞,经G418筛选得到永生化细胞株,该细胞株表达角蛋白18和19,传代50代仍保持上皮样细胞形态,增殖活性良好,细胞周期及染色体核型特征与正常的二倍体细胞一致。PEDV CV77毒株感染猪RPECs 24 h后,CPE明显,滴度为10^(5.25)TCID_(50)/mL,低于其在Vero细胞中的滴度(10^(8.125) TCID_(50)/mL)。PCV2 DBN-SX07毒株感染猪RPECs后可产生明显CPE,病毒滴度为10^(6.125)TCID_(50)/mL,略高于其在PK15细胞上的滴度(106.0 TCID_(50)/mL)。PRV Bartha-K61毒株感染猪RPECs后,CPE明显,病毒滴度为10^(8.75)TCID_(50)/mL,略低于其在BHK上的滴度(108.875 TCID_(50)/mL)。【结论】成功构建了永生化猪视网膜细胞系,可用于猪源病毒的培养,尤其是培养PCV2可产生明显CPE,易于观察,为后续开展疫苗工艺的提升提供了一种新的细胞材料。