Effect of Partial Replacement of Fly Ash by Decoration Waste Powder on the Fresh and Mechanical Properties of Geopolymer Masonry Mortar

This study aims to investigate the feasibility of using decoration waste powder(DWP)as a partial replacement for fly ash(FA)in the preparation of geopolymer masonry mortar,and to examine the effect of different DWP replacement rates(0%-40%)on the fresh and mechanical properties of the mortar.The results showed that each group of geopolymer masonry mortar exhibited excellent water retention performance,with a water retention rate of 100%,which was due to the unique geopolymer mortar system and high viscosity of the alkaline activator solution.Compared to the control group,the flowability of the mortar containing lower contents of DWP(10%and 20%)was higher.However,as the DWP replacement rate further increased,the flowability gradually decreased.The DWP could absorb the free water in the reaction system of geopolymer mortar,thereby limiting the occurrence of geopolymerization reaction.The incorporation of DWP in the mortar resulted in a decrease in compressive strength compared to the mortar without DWP.However,even at a replacement rate of 40%,the compressive strength of the mortar still exceeded 15 MPa,which met the requirements of the masonry mortar.It was feasible to use DWP in the geopolymer masonry mortar.Although the addition of DWP caused some performance loss,it did not affect its usability.

Influence of Recycled Concrete Fine Powder on Durability of Cement Mortar

In this paper,the durability of cement mortar prepared with a recycled-concrete fine powder(RFP)was examined;including the analysis of a variety of aspects,such as the carbonization,sulfate attack and chloride ion erosion resistance.The results indicate that the influence of RFP on these three aspects is different.The carbonization depth after 30 days and the chloride diffusion coefficient of mortar containing 10%RFP decreased by 13.3%and 28.19%.With a further increase in the RFP content,interconnected pores formed between the RFP particles,leading to an acceleration of the penetration rate of CO_(2)and Cl^(−).When the RFP content was less than 50%,the corrosion resistance coefficient of the compressive strength of the mortar was 0.84-1.05 after 90 days of sulfate attack.But the expansion and cracking of the mortar was effectively alleviated due to decrease of the gypsum production.Scanning electron microscope(SEM)analysis has confirmed that 10%RFP contributes to the formation of a dense microstructure in the cement mortar.

Influence of Ultra Fine Glass Powder on the Properties and Microstructure of Mortars

This study focuses on the effect of ultrafine waste glass powder on cement strength,gas permeability and pore structure.Varying contents were considered,with particle sizes ranging from 2 to 20μm.Moreover,alkali activation was considered to ameliorate the reactivity and cementitious properties,which were assessed by using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS),and specific surface area pore size distribution analysis.According to the results,without the addition of alkali activators,the performance of glass powder mortar decreases as the amount of glass powder increases,affecting various aspects such as strength and resistance to gas permeability.Only 5%glass powder mortar demonstrated a compressive strength at 60 days higher than that of the control group.However,adding alkali activator(CaO)during hydration ameliorated the hydration environment,increased the alkalinity of the composite system,activated the reactivity of glass powder,and enhanced the interaction of glass powder and pozzolanic reaction.In general,compared to ordinary cement mortar,alkali-activated glass powder mortar produces more hydration products,showcases elevated density,and exhibits improved gas resistance.Furthermore,alkali-activated glass powder mortar demonstrates an improvement in performance across various aspects as the content increases.At a substitution rate of 15%,the glass powder mortar reaches its optimal levels of strength and resistance to gas permeability,with a compressive strength increase ranging from 28.4%to 34%,and a gas permeation rate reduction between 51.8%and 66.7%.

The Research for Surface Properties of Steel Slag Powder and High-Temperature Rheological Properties of Asphalt Mortar

In order to evaluate the feasibility of steel slag powder as filler,the coating properties of steel slag and limestone aggregate were compared by water boiling test,the micro morphology difierences between steel slag powder and mineral powder(limestone powder)were compared by scanning electron microscope(SEM),and the high-temperature rheological properties of asphalt mortar with difierent ratio of filler quality to asphalt quality(F/A)and difierent substitution rates of mineral powder(S/F)were studied by dynamic shear rheological test.The results show that the surface microstructure of steel slag powder is more abundant than that of mineral powder,and the adhesion of steel slag to asphalt is better than that of limestone.At the same temperature,the lower the ratio of S/F is,the greater the rutting factor and complex modulus will be.In addition,the complex modulus and rutting factor of the asphalt mortar increase with the increase of F/A,and the filler type and F/A have a negligible efiect on the phase angle.

Experimental Evaluation of Compressive Strength and Gas Permeability of Glass- Powder-Containing Mortar

Glass powder of various particle sizes(2,5,10 and 15μm)has been assessed as a possible cement substitute for mortars.Different replacement rates of cement(5%,10%,15%,and 20%)have been considered for all particle sizes.The accessible porosity,compressive strength,gas permeability and microstructure have been investigated accordingly.The results have shown that adding glass powder up to 20%has a significantly negative effect on the porosity and compressive strength of mortar.The compressive strength initially rises with a 5%replacement and then decreases.Similarly,the gas permeability of the mortar displays a non-monotonic behavior;first,it decreases and then it grows with an increase in the glass powder content and particle size.The porosity and gas permeability attain a minimum for a 5%content and 10μm particle size.Application of a Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)technique has revealed that incorporating waste glass powder with a certainfineness can reduce the pore size and the number of pores of the mortar.Compared with the control mortar,the pore volume of the waste glass mortar with 5%and 10μm particle size is significantly reduced.When cement is partially replaced by glass powder with a particle size of 10μm and a 5%percentage,the penetration resistance and compressive strength of the mortar are significantly improved.

The Influence of Mesoscopic Characteristics of Mineral Powders Fillers on the Rutting Factor(G^(*)/sinδ)of Asphalt Mortar

This study aims to investigate the efiect of the mesoscopic characteristics of mineral powder fillers on the rutting resistance of asphalt mortar.Extraction and sieving tests were used to obtain the buton rock asphalt(BRA)ash with particle size smaller than 0.075 mm,which is consistent with that of the conventional mineral powder.The mesoscopic characteristics of BRA ash and conventional mineral powder were measured by SEM image analysis and the osmotic free pressure water method.Mesoscopic structure models of structural and free asphalts in mortar were obtained.The 70#matrix asphalt was used to prepare two kinds of asphalt mortar with BRA ash and conventional mineral powders fillers.The rutting factor of the two asphalt mortars was tested by dynamic shear test(DSR).Test results show that the ash extracted from BRA has a similar mesoscopic classification with the conventional mineral powder.Still,its fractal dimensions are larger,indicating the particles in BRA ash have more complex shapes and rougher surfaces,which is beneficial for forming structural asphalt and subsequently increasing the rutting factor(G*/sinδ),i e,improving the rutting resistance of the asphalt mortar.

Effect of Limestone Powder and Fly Ash on Magnesium Sulfate Resistance of Mortar

The effect of limestone powder and fly ash on magnesium sulfate resistance of mortar was studied by testing on the strength, expansion and hydration products of the specimens stored in MgSO4 solution at certain periods. The experimental results show that the strength of mortar stored in MgSO4 solution increases a little before 28 d, but decreases fast subsequently. The more the contents of limestone powder and fly ash, the less the strength losses. Mortar swells in the MgSO4 solution with the soaking time. And the more the contents of limestone powder and fly ash, the less the expansion rate is. The expansion or strength loss of mortars results from the expansion of gypsum, as well as the loss of Ca（OH）2 and other hydration products of cement. The magnesium sulfate resistance of the mortars containing limestone powder and fly ash is high.

Hybrid Modified Rubber Powder and Its Application in Cement Mortar

This research focused on using the waste rubber powder as a kind of regenerate resources to improve the mechanical properties of cement mortar.The two kinds of hybrid modified rubber powder TRP and ATRP were prepared by sol-gel method and then used in cement mortar.The structures and properties of them were studied.It is shown that the nano Si-O-Si network is generated in TRP and ATRP networks and the hydrophilic group is grafted on the surface of ATRP.The mechanical properties of rubber-treated mortar（RTM） were tested and the microstructures of them were also studied.Compared to the mortars with unmodified rubber powders（RP）,NaOH treated rubber powder（SRP） and coupling agent treated rubber powder（CRP）,the RTM with ATRP has the highest compressive strength and flexural strength.The stress-strain curves shown that the peak of stress of RTM with ATRP is increased and indicated the higher compression deformation and toughness.It is found that the interfacial adhesion between the ATRP and cement mortar is increased distinctly by SEM,which results in enhanced ductility and mechanical properties of RTM with ATRP.

Strength and Microstructure of Mortar Containing Glass Powder and/or Glass Aggregate

The compressive strength of mortar containing glass powder（GP） and/or glass aggregate（GA） was tested, and its microstructure was also studied by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis（TG-DTA）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, energy dispersive spectroscopic analysis（EDX）, and X-ray diffraction（XRD） techniques. The incorporation of GA would decrease the compressive strength of the mortar in the absence of GP. Incorporating both GA and GP could change the hydration environment, promote pozzolanic reaction of GP and improve the compressive strength. GP does not lead to but can effectively control ASR（Alkali Silica Reaction）. GP and GA do not transform the type of hydrates, but have a great influence on the amounts of hydration products, and generate more calcium silicate hydrate（C-S-H gel） with lower Ca/Si ratio. GP and GA with good gradation will make the microstructure denser.

Effects of Limestone Powder on Rheological Properties of Cement - Fly Ash Mortar

This article studies the effects of limestone powder on rheological properties of cement - fly ash mortar with RHEOLAB QC type rotation viscometer. The Bingham fluid model is introduced to fit the yielding stress and plastic viscosity of the mortar. The POWER LAW fluid model is introduced to fit the rheological index of the mortar. The results show that, adding limestone powder and fly ash to the cement mortar significantly decreases the yield stress of the mortar, changes the plastic viscosity of the mortar, increases the rheological index, decreases the degree of shear thinning of the mortar, and thereby improves the mortar＇ s workability. In the case of cement - fly ash mortar, with the increase of limestone powder content, both the yield stress and plastic viscosity of the mortar increase. When the limestone powder content is not higher than 14%, the increase of yield stress is not significant. When the limestone powder content is lower than 8%, the increase of plastic viscosity is not significant. When the content of limestone powder is higher than 22%, the rheological index of the mortar decreases and the degree of shear thinning increases. The effects of limestone powder＇ s packing density, shape and size, specific surface area, and fluid volume, are found to be the four major factors responsible for the changes ofrheological properties of the mortar.

The Feasibility of Basalt Rock Powder and Superfine Sand as Partial Replacement Materials for Portland Cement and Artificial Sand in Cement Mortar

The research gap on the feasibility of basalt rock powder(BRP)and superfine sand(SS)in preparation of cement mortar is significant.This study examines probable changes occurred in the modified cement mortar due to incorporation of certain quantity of basalt rock powder and superfine sand in mixture proportion.The cement mortar included Portland cement,artificial sand and water as principal mixture constituents.Then,basalt rock powder and superfine sand were added as partial replacement materials for Portland cement and artificial sand respectively.Therefore,replacement percentages were 10%,15%,20%,25%and 30%when the basalt rock powder replaced Portland cement and in case the artificial sand was replaced by superfine sand,10%,20%,30%,40%and 50%.Then,the strength indexes such as flexural strength,compressive strength,ultrasonic pulse velocity and dynamic elastic modulus were investigated.The results show that the presence of basalt rock powder in mixture proportion increased the flexural and compressive strengths of cement mortar however the cement mortar that contained superfine sand illustrated inadequate mechanical performance as flexural and compressive strengths decreased remarkably.Moreover,when basalt rock powder and superfine sand were included together in mixture proportion,the cement mortar’s mechanical performance declined compared to that of the reference cement mortar.Despite the fact that basalt rock powder and superfine sand weakened the cement mortar’s mechanical properties,it was found that they can be added into the cement mortar as partial replacement of Portland cement and artificial sand in the following ratios:from 10%to 25%when basalt rock powder replaces Portland cement and from 10%to 20%when artificial sand is replaced by superfine sand.

改性干粉型聚合物水泥砂浆试验研究

本文研究两种不同的可再分散乳胶粉(醋酸乙烯-乙烯共聚物和醋酸乙烯/叔碳酸乙烯酯共聚物)对干粉型聚合物水泥砂浆力学性能、粘结强度、吸水率、干燥收缩的性能影响。结果表明,可再分散乳胶粉的掺量、类型对聚合物水泥砂浆的性能影响较大,力学性能较普通水泥砂浆有明显的提升和改善。可再分散乳胶粉的加入虽然降低了砂浆的抗压强度,但显著提高了抗折强度和折压比,改善了砂浆的柔韧性和抗裂能力;砂浆的干燥收缩、粘结强度和吸水率等性能均有较为明显的改善。

矿粉微观特征及其与沥青胶浆流变性能的灰度分析

为探究矿粉的物理特征及微观结构,深入研究胶浆流变性能及矿粉对胶浆性能的影响,分析了不同类型矿粉的物理特性、化学组成及微观结构,采用不同类型矿粉及不同0.075 mm筛孔通过率矿粉制备不同掺量的沥青胶浆,利用动态剪切流变与弯曲梁流变试验对不同矿粉沥青胶浆的高低温流变性能的影响规律进行分析,借助灰色关联分析法分别探究矿粉的物理参数、微观结构参数与沥青胶浆高温、低温性能之间的关联性。试验结果表明:5种矿粉的微小孔隙数量较少,R3与R4矿粉的孔隙多为狭长型,R1、R2、R5矿粉的孔隙多是颗粒堆积形成的;随矿粉掺量的增加,沥青胶浆的整体高温性能和抗流动能力越好,而低温性能先减弱后增强;将比表面积等指标作为比较数列,相位角等指标作为参考数列,利用灰色关联分析法确定氧化物含量对高温性能影响最大,矿粉比表面积影响最小;低温条件下,矿粉粒度对蠕变劲度影响最大,平均孔径对蠕变劲度变化率影响最大。对矿粉指标的控制及其高低温特性变化的研究结果可为实际工程应用提供参考。

预制构件用水泥基修补砂浆的制备及应用研究

为修补预制构件施工过程中缺角、裂缝等缺陷,以硅酸盐水泥、硫铝酸盐水泥和半水石膏作为胶凝体系,掺加适量减水剂、乳胶粉和其他助剂,制备一种凝结时间短、早期强度高的水泥基修补砂浆,并对其性能进行研究。结果表明,掺加减水剂可以提高修补砂浆的抗压强度和流动度,掺加乳胶粉会延长砂浆的凝结时间,降低抗压强度,同时砂浆流动度则随乳胶粉掺量的增加先增大后减小。减水剂掺量以0.20%为宜,乳胶粉掺量以5.0%为宜,此时修补砂浆的初、终凝时间分别为15.8、22.4 min,7、28 d抗压强度分别为32.2、55.1 MPa,流动度为212 mm。

再生微粉对砂浆性能影响研究

为响应国家“减碳”目标,针对开封地区建筑垃圾特点,研究再生微粉砂浆的干缩变形特点。研究结果表明:掺入再生微粉后可以有效改善砂浆的质量损失速度和干缩值,并随着再生微粉的掺量先增大后减小。再生微粉可以很好地改善再生砂浆的失水率,经过比较发现,20%再生微粉掺量为最佳。

石粉替代率对聚合物机制砂粘结砂浆性能及微细观结构的影响

为研究凝灰岩石粉在聚合物粘结砂浆中应用的可行性,分析了石粉部分替代水泥对聚合物粘结砂浆工作性能及力学性能的影响规律,并采用压汞法(MIP)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)试验研究砂浆内部孔结构及水化产物微观形貌的变化规律。结果表明:凝灰岩石粉在聚合物粘结砂浆中具有较好的适用性;砂浆强度随石粉替代率的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势,在替代率为15%(质量分数,下同)时,砂浆7 d、28 d抗折强度、抗压强度和粘结强度达到最大值,此时工作性能也较优。当石粉替代率不大于15%时,其对粘结砂浆微细观结构的影响以填充效应和晶核效应为主,可有效改善砂浆内部密实度,且有利于内部孔结构向少害孔和无害孔发展;当石粉替代率为15%时,H_(2)O、OH^(-)、CO_(3)^(2-)等特征振动峰强度最高,即此时内部水化最为充分;当石粉替代率超过15%时,石粉对粘结砂浆工作性能、力学性能和微细观结构均产生不利的影响。

VAE乳胶粉与偏高岭土聚合物改性防水砂浆性能研究

为了提高普通砂浆抗渗性能,提出了一种将有机聚合物与无机矿物相结合、并内掺有机硅赋予普通砂浆优良抗渗性能的试验研究。通过对防水砂浆抗压强度、抗折强度、抗渗强度、吸水率的测定分析,得到了高性能的聚合物改性防水砂浆。研究结果表明:(1)可再分散乳胶粉在水泥砂浆中形成的膜结构,会显著降低抗压强度而提高抗渗强度,适宜掺量应为水泥质量的3%;(2)偏高岭土具有的火山灰活性,可与水化产物发生二次反应,但应注意掺量与力学性能的关系,不宜大于6%;(3)聚硅氧烷在砂浆中形成的有机硅憎水基团,可以赋予防水砂浆优良憎水性,从而提高抗渗强度降低吸水率,掺量为0.5%时综合性能最优;(4)聚合物改性防水砂浆在具有良好力学性能的同时,抗渗强度从最初的1.0 MPa升至2.3 MPa,吸水率从7.7%降至5.2%,各项性能均远超国家规范对聚合物防水砂浆的要求。该研究成果可为防水砂浆的推广使用及改性研究提供参考。

不同石粉含量和粒径对砂浆干缩性能的影响

石灰石在开采和加工成机制山砂过程中产生了大量的废弃石灰石粉,石粉的堆放和去除会造成土地资源的浪费以及环境污染,为此,可将石粉加入砂浆中,以实现对石粉的合理应用。但是砂浆在加入石粉后会出现大量收缩,其耐久性大大降低。为了避免这种不利影响,将石粉等量取代水泥后的砂浆干燥收缩情况进行试验,研究了不同石粉含量和粒径对砂浆干燥收缩的影响。试验结果表明:在不同石粉粒径下,采用适量的石粉等量代替水泥可以有效减小混凝土的干燥收缩值,当石粉替代率大于15%时,砂浆干燥收缩值不断增大,石粉最佳替代率为10%;在不同石粉含量下,石粉粒径为800目和1250目下的砂浆干燥收缩值均较小,可作为工程实际中石粉外掺量的参考值。

沸石粉水泥砂浆早期力学性能改善及机理研究

为了降低大掺量沸石粉对早期强度的削弱作用,进一步提高沸石粉在水泥基材料中作用效率,促进其在水泥基材料中的应用,通过设计系列试验,探究交流电场直接养护(electric curing,EC)、无机系早强剂(硫酸钠、硅酸钠)及二者共同作用下沸石粉掺量对砂浆强度的影响规律,并通过水化放热和孔结构测试分析,探讨其相应机理。通过测试28 d水泥砂浆抗压强度评估直接电养护、早强剂及2种方法耦合对后期强度的影响。研究结果表明:砂浆强度随沸石粉掺量呈现出先增加而后降低的规律,掺10%沸石粉砂浆的1 d、28 d抗压强度相较于基准砂浆分别约提高了19%、8%。直接电养护和早强剂硫酸钠均能显著提高掺沸石粉水泥砂浆的早期强度,直接电养护的改善效果略低于硫酸钠;在电养护与硫酸钠共同作用下,能进一步提升较高沸石粉掺量砂浆的强度,沸石粉掺量30%时,试件1 d抗压强度最高可提高达25%。水化热结果显示,随着沸石粉掺量的增加,浆体72 h累计水化放热出现不同程度的降低,沸石粉可在一定程度上促进水化,沸石粉与硫酸钠共同作用可明显提高体系水化放热速率和放热量。掺入沸石粉对体系孔隙有一定细化作用,直接电养护的试件28 d龄期累计孔隙含量稍高于标准养护。本研究可为改善大掺量沸石粉水泥砂浆早期力学性能提供思路,对促进沸石粉在水泥混凝土中的应用具有重要意义。

牡蛎壳粉沥青胶浆路用性能研究

基于“双碳”背景下,以拓宽牡蛎壳绿色废物利用为途径,探索其用作沥青矿粉的可行性。通过制备牡蛎壳矿粉进行微观特性分析发现,与白云岩矿粉相比,牡蛎壳粉末颗粒更细,比表面积更大,表面更粗糙,密度更低,具有更优的黏结力。在此基础上进一步通过动态剪切流变、多重应力蠕变恢复和弯曲梁流变等试验对比了5种粉胶比条件下牡蛎壳粉沥青胶浆的路用性能,从而确定了最佳粉胶比掺量和施工温度。研究结果表明:与白云岩矿粉沥青胶浆相比,牡蛎壳粉沥青胶浆具有更优的高温抗车辙性能和力学稳定性,其低温性能虽略逊于白云岩矿粉沥青胶浆,但仍满足较好的低温抗裂性能要求。鉴于牡蛎壳粉具备良好的路用性能、经济性与环保性,其在路面新建及养护工程中具有较好的应用前景。