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Ultra‑Efficient and Cost‑Effective Platinum Nanomembrane Electrocatalyst for Sustainable Hydrogen Production
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作者 Xiang Gao Shicheng Dai +8 位作者 Yun Teng Qing Wang Zhibo Zhang Ziyin Yang Minhyuk Park Hang Wang Zhe Jia Yunjiang Wang Yong Yang 《Nano-Micro Letters》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第6期95-110,共16页
Hydrogen production through hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)offers a promising solution to combat climate change by replacing fossil fuels with clean energy sources.However,the widespread adoption of efficient electro... Hydrogen production through hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)offers a promising solution to combat climate change by replacing fossil fuels with clean energy sources.However,the widespread adoption of efficient electrocatalysts,such as platinum(Pt),has been hindered by their high cost.In this study,we developed an easy-to-implement method to create ultrathin Pt nanomembranes,which catalyze HER at a cost significantly lower than commercial Pt/C and comparable to non-noble metal electrocatalysts.These Pt nanomembranes consist of highly distorted Pt nanocrystals and exhibit a heterogeneous elastic strain field,a characteristic rarely seen in conventional crystals.This unique feature results in significantly higher electrocatalytic efficiency than various forms of Pt electrocatalysts,including Pt/C,Pt foils,and numerous Pt singleatom or single-cluster catalysts.Our research offers a promising approach to develop highly efficient and cost-effective low-dimensional electrocatalysts for sustainable hydrogen production,potentially addressing the challenges posed by the climate crisis. 展开更多
关键词 platinum Hydrogen evolution reaction Lattice distortion Heterogeneous strain
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Antibody-platinum(IV)prodrugs conjugates for targeted treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
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作者 Xiangye Yin Yingjie Zhuang +9 位作者 Haiqin Song Yujian Xu Fan Zhang Jianxin Cui Lei Zhao Yingjie Yu Qixu Zhang Jun Ye Youbai Chen Yan Han 《Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第3期389-400,共12页
Antibody-drug conjugates(ADCs)are a new type of targeting antibodies that conjugate with highly toxic anticancer drugs via chemical linkers to exert high specificity and efficient killing of tumor cells,thereby attrac... Antibody-drug conjugates(ADCs)are a new type of targeting antibodies that conjugate with highly toxic anticancer drugs via chemical linkers to exert high specificity and efficient killing of tumor cells,thereby attracting considerable attention in precise oncology therapy.Cetuximab(Cet)is a typical antibody that offers the benefits of good targeting and safety for individuals with advanced and inoperable cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma(cSCC);however,its anti-tumor activity is limited to a single use.Cisplatin(CisPt)shows good curative effects;however,its adverse effects and non-tumor-targeting ability are major drawbacks.In this study,we designed and developed a new ADC based on a new cytotoxic platinum(IV)prodrug(C8Pt(IV))and Cet.The so-called antibody-platinum(IV)prodrugs conjugates,named Cet-C8Pt(IV),showed excellent tumor targeting in cSCC.Specifically,it accurately delivered C8Pt(IV)into tumor cells to exert the combined anti-tumor effect of Cet and CisPt.Herein,metabolomic analysis showed that Cet-C8Pt(IV)promoted cellular apoptosis and increased DNA damage in cSCC cells by affecting the vitamin B6 metabolic pathway in tumor cells,thereby further enhancing the tumor-killing ability and providing a new strategy for clinical cancer treatment using antibody-platinum(IV)prodrugs conjugates. 展开更多
关键词 Antibody drug conjugate Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma DNA damage platinum drug Targeted therapy
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Association between homologous recombination deficiency and outcomes with platinum and platinum-free chemotherapy in patients with triple-negative breast cancer 被引量:2
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作者 Yimeng Chen Xue Wang +8 位作者 Feng Du Jian Yue Yiran Si Xiaochen Zhao Lina Cui Bei Zhang Ting Bei Binghe Xu Peng Yuan 《Cancer Biology & Medicine》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第2期155-168,共14页
Objective:The choice of chemotherapeutic regimen for triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)remains controversial.Homologous recombination deficiency(HRD)has attracted increasing attention in informing chemotherapy treatm... Objective:The choice of chemotherapeutic regimen for triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)remains controversial.Homologous recombination deficiency(HRD)has attracted increasing attention in informing chemotherapy treatment.This study was aimed at investigating the feasibility of HRD as a clinically actionable biomarker for platinum-containing and platinum-free therapy.Methods:Chinese patients with TNBC who received chemotherapy between May 1,2008 and March 31,2020 were retrospectively analyzed with a customized 3D-HRD panel.HRD positivity was defined by an HRD score≥30 or deleterious BRCA1/2 mutation.A total of 386 chemotherapy-treated patients with TNBC were screened from a surgical cohort(NCT01150513)and a metastatic cohort,and 189 patients with available clinical and tumor sequencing data were included.Results:In the entire cohort,49.2%(93/189)of patients were identified as HRD positive(40 with deleterious BRCA1/2 mutations and 53 with BRCA1/2 intact with an HRD score of≥30).In the first-line metastatic setting,platinum therapy was associated with longer median progression-free survival(mPFS)than platinum-free therapy[9.1 vs.3.0 months;hazard ratio(HR),0.43;95%confidence interval 0.22–0.84;P=0.01].Among HRD-positive patients,the mPFS was significantly longer in those treated with platinum rather than platinum-free therapy(13.6 vs.2.0 months;HR,0.11;P=0.001).Among patients administered a platinum-free regimen,HRD-negative patients showed a PFS significantly superior to that of HRD-positive patients(P=0.02;treatment-biomarker P-interaction=0.001).Similar results were observed in the BRCA1/2-intact subset.In the adjuvant setting,HRD-positive patients tended to benefit more from platinum chemotherapy than from platinum-free chemotherapy(P=0.05,P-interaction=0.02).Conclusions:HRD characterization may guide decision-making regarding the use of platinum treatment in patients with TNBC in both adjuvant and metastatic settings. 展开更多
关键词 Homologous recombination deficiency triple-negative breast cancer platinum SURVIVAL BRCA
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First-line atezolizumab monotherapy versus single-agent chemotherapy in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer ineligible for treatment with a platinum-containing regimen(IPSOS):a phase 3,global,multicentre,open-label,randomised controlled study 被引量:4
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作者 Siow Ming Lee Christian Schulz Kumar Prabhash 《四川生理科学杂志》 2023年第8期1332-1332,共1页
Background:Despite immunotherapy advancements for patients with advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC),pivotal first-line trials were limited to patients with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group pe... Background:Despite immunotherapy advancements for patients with advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC),pivotal first-line trials were limited to patients with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status(ECOG PS)0-1 and a median age of 65 years or younger.We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of first-line atezolizumab monotherapy with single-agent chemotherapy in patients ineligible for platinum-based chemotherapy.Methods:This trial was a phase 3,open-label,randomised controlled study conducted at 91 sites in 23 countries across Asia,Europe,North America,and South America.Eligible patients had stage IIIB or IV NSCLC in whom platinum-doublet chemotherapy was deemed unsuitable by the investigator due to an ECOG PS 2 or 3,or alternatively,being 70 years or older with an ECOG PS 0-1 with substantial comorbidities or contraindications for platinum-doublet chemotherapy.Patients were randomised 2:1 by permuted-block randomisation(block size of six)to receive 1200 mg of atezolizumab given intravenously every 3 weeks or single-agent chemotherapy(vinorelbine[oral or intravenous]or gemcitabine[intravenous];dosing per local label)at 3-weekly or 4-weekly cycles.The primary endpoint was overall survival assessed in the intention-to-treat population.Safety analyses were conducted in the safety-evaluable population,which included all randomised patients who received any amount of atezolizumab or chemotherapy.This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov,NCT03191786. 展开更多
关键词 PATIENTS platinum random
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Cooperative catalytic platinum species accelerating polysulfide redox reactions for Li-S batteries
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作者 Yujie Qi Ning Chai +7 位作者 Qinhua Gu Junnan Chen Zhaofeng Zhai Ming Lu Yiming Niu Nan Huang Xia Zhang Bingsen Zhang 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CSCD 2023年第12期123-135,I0005,共14页
The shuttle effect derived from diffusion of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs) and sluggish redox kinetic bring about poor cycling stability and low utilization of sulfur,which have always been the key challenging issues fo... The shuttle effect derived from diffusion of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs) and sluggish redox kinetic bring about poor cycling stability and low utilization of sulfur,which have always been the key challenging issues for the commercial application of lithium-sulfur(Li-S) batteries.Rational design of cathode materials to catalyze Li_(2)S dissociation/nucleation processes is an appealing and valid strategy to develop high-energy practical Li-S batteries.Herein,considering the synergistic effect of bidirectional catalysis on LiPSs conversion and enhanced chemical immobilization for LiPSs by heteroatom doping,Pt nanoparticles loaded on nitrogen-doped carbon spheres(Pt/NCS composites) were constructed as cathode materials.According to the dynamic evolution of Pt catalysts and sulfur species,Pt~0 and Pt^(2+) species were identified as active species for the accelerated dissociation and nucleation of Li_(2)S,respectively.Meanwhile,in-situ Raman results demonstrated the expedited conversion of sulfur species resulted from bidirectional catalysis of active Pt species,corresponding to boosted redox kinetics.Consequently,Pt/NCS cathode exhibited improved long-term cyclability with high initial capacity,along with enhanced rate capability.This work provides a facile approach to construct cathode materials with bidirectional catalysis on Li_(2)S dissociation/nucleation,and sheds light on a more global understanding of the catalytic mechanism of metal catalysts during LiPSs conversion. 展开更多
关键词 Lithium-sulfur batteries platinum species N-doped carbon spheres Bidirectional catalysis Polysulfide conversion
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Interfacial engineering of holey platinum nanotubes for formic acid electrooxidation boosted water splitting
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作者 Zi-Xin Ge Yu Ding +6 位作者 Tian-Jiao Wang Feng Shi Pu-Jun Jin Pei Chen Bin He Shi-Bin Yin Yu Chen 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第2期209-216,I0006,共9页
Both structure and interface engineering are highly effective strategies for enhancing the catalytic activity and selectivity of precious metal nanostructures.In this work,we develop a facile pyrolysis strategy to syn... Both structure and interface engineering are highly effective strategies for enhancing the catalytic activity and selectivity of precious metal nanostructures.In this work,we develop a facile pyrolysis strategy to synthesize the high-quality holey platinum nanotubes(Pt-H-NTs)using nanorods-like Pt^(Ⅱ)-phenanthroline(PT)coordination compound as self-template and self-reduction precursor.Then,an up-bottom strategy is used to further synthesize polyallylamine(PA)modified Pt-H-NTs(Pt-HNTs@PA).PA modification sharply promotes the catalytic activity of Pt-H-NTs for the formic acid electrooxidation reaction(FAEOR)by the direct reaction pathway.Meanwhile,PA modification also elevates the catalytic activity of Pt-H-NTs for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)by the proton enrichment at electrolyte/electrode interface.Benefiting from the high catalytic activity of Pt-H-NTs@PA for both FAEOR and HER,a two-electrode FAEOR boosted water electrolysis system is fabricated by using Pt-H-NTs@PA as bifunctio nal electrocatalysts.Such FAEOR boosted water electrolysis system only requires the operational voltage of 0.47 V to achieve the high-purity hydrogen production,showing an energy-saving hydrogen production strategy compared to traditional water electrolysis system. 展开更多
关键词 Holey platinum nanotubes Chemical functionalization Formic acid oxidation reaction Hydrogen evolution reaction Water splitting
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A Graphene-Based Aerogel Was Prepared as Solid Adsorbent for the Enrichment of Platinum (IV) at Trace Concentration
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作者 Lei Chen Han Diao +1 位作者 Qijiang Shu Tao Yang 《Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry》 CAS 2023年第2期17-29,共13页
A three-dimensional graphene-based composite was prepared by a simple one-step in-site reduced-oxide method under atmospheric pressure. The obtained hydrogel was modified with 4-amino-benzenesulfonic acid and connecte... A three-dimensional graphene-based composite was prepared by a simple one-step in-site reduced-oxide method under atmospheric pressure. The obtained hydrogel was modified with 4-amino-benzenesulfonic acid and connected with ethylenediamine, and freeze-dried into an aerogel, which was characterized. Then the surface interaction with platinum (Pt, IV) was explored. The obtained aerogel showed good adsorption for Pt (IV) at acid conditions, giving a rising to the adsorption rate > 98% while pH ≥ 6. Using hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide of 2% (m/V) as an eluent to desorb the Pt (IV) from the surface of the aerogel, a desorption rate of 81.1% was obtained in this process. Urea, buffer aquation and other surfactants were used in the desorption experiment to understand the adsorption mechanism between the aerogel and Pt (IV). In this work, hydrogen bond, van der Waals force and electronic interaction force mainly drove the adsorption process. For obtaining more purified Pt (IV), we used 0.5% CTAB to desorb Pd (II). A new three-dimensional graphene-based composite was prepared and the surface interaction between Pt (IV) and composite was experimented for understanding the adsorption mechanism and exploring its potential application in sample preparation in low concentration. 展开更多
关键词 GRAPHENE platinum (IV) AEROGEL Sample Preparation Three-Dimensional
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Axial Local Lifetime Control in High-Voltage Diodes Based on Proximity Gettering of Platinum by Proton-Implantation Damages 被引量:1
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作者 贾云鹏 张斌 +1 位作者 孙月辰 亢宝位 《Journal of Semiconductors》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2006年第2期294-297,共4页
A new lifetime control technique-localized platinum lifetime control (LPLC) is introduced. Silicon samples are implanted with 550keV protons at dosages from 1 × 10^13 to 5 × 10^14 cm^-2. Subsequently, plat... A new lifetime control technique-localized platinum lifetime control (LPLC) is introduced. Silicon samples are implanted with 550keV protons at dosages from 1 × 10^13 to 5 × 10^14 cm^-2. Subsequently, platinum diffusion in silicon is performed at 700 or 750℃ for 15 or 30min,respectively. Then the in-diffused platinum into damaged regions of the proton-implanted silicon is investigated by use of deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS). Finally, for all of the LPLC samples, the distribution of the in-diffused substitutional platinum agrees well with the damage distribution resulting from the low-dosage proton implantation. Also, the diodes show a very low leakage current even at elevated temperatures while keeping the major advantages of ion irradiation devices, including low turn-off loss and soft recovery. 展开更多
关键词 platinum DLTS hydrogen implantation INTERSTITIAL
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Geochemistry and mineralogy of platinum-group elements(PGE)in chromites from CentralnoyeⅠ,Polar Urals,Russia 被引量:2
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作者 Jan Paava Ilja Knésl +3 位作者 Anna Vymazalová Ivan Vavrín Ludmila Ivanovna Gurskaya Leonid Ruslanovich Kolbantsev 《Geoscience Frontiers》 SCIE CAS 2011年第1期81-85,共5页
The Polar Urals region of northern Russia is well known for large chromium (Cr)-bearing massifs with major chromite orebodies, including the Centralnoye I deposit in the Ray-Iz ultramafic massif of the Ural ophiolit... The Polar Urals region of northern Russia is well known for large chromium (Cr)-bearing massifs with major chromite orebodies, including the Centralnoye I deposit in the Ray-Iz ultramafic massif of the Ural ophiolite belt. New data on platinum (Pt)-group elements (PGE), geochemistry and mineralogy of the host dunite shows that the deposit has anomalous iridium (Ir) values. These values indicate the predominance of ruthenium--osmium--iridium (Ru--Os--Ir)-bearing phases among the platinum-group mineral (PGM) assemblage that is typical of mantle-hosted chromite ores. Low Pt values in chromites and increased Pt values in host dunites might reflect the presence of cumulus PGM grains. The most abundant PGM found in the chromite is erlichmanite (up to 15 μm). Less common are cuproiridsite (up to 5 μm), irarsite (up to 4--5 μm), and laurite (up to 4 μm). The predominant sulfide is heazlewoodite, in intergrowth with Ni--Fe alloys, sporadically with pentlandite, and rarely with pure nickel. Based on the average PGE values and esti- mated Cr-ore resources, the Centralnoye I deposit can be considered as an important resource of PGE. 展开更多
关键词 platinum-group elements platinum-group minerals CHROMITE OPHIOLITES Centralnoye I deposit Polar Urals
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NETWORK CROWN ETHER POLYMERS WITH CENTRIC FUNCTIONAL GROUPS.Ⅱ.SYNTHESIS OF NETWORK CROWN ETHER POLYMER WITH PENDANT SULFIDE SIDE CHAIN AND ITS PLATINUM COMPLEX 被引量:1
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作者 CHEN Yuanyin MENG Lingzhi YIN Yihua 《Chinese Journal of Reactive Polymers》 1995年第1期53-60,共8页
Network crewn ether polymer with pendant sulfide side ohain in the networkstructure units has been synthesized via ring- opening copolymerization of β-ethylthioethyl glycidyl ether and diethylene glycol bisglycidyl e... Network crewn ether polymer with pendant sulfide side ohain in the networkstructure units has been synthesized via ring- opening copolymerization of β-ethylthioethyl glycidyl ether and diethylene glycol bisglycidyl ether. A kind of active catalyst suitable for this reaction was suggested. The title polymer was found tobe a good ligand for platinous chloride, and the platinous complex could catalyze thehydrosilylation of olefins with triethoxysilane efficiently. 展开更多
关键词 Crown ether Polymeric crown ether Sulfide platinum complex Hydrosilylation catalyst platinum
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Effects of hierarchical structure on the performance of tin oxide-supported platinum catalyst for room-temperature formaldehyde oxidation 被引量:6
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作者 段媛媛 宋少青 +2 位作者 程蓓 余家国 姜传佳 《Chinese Journal of Catalysis》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2017年第2期199-206,共8页
Flower-like tin oxide-supported platinum(Pt/SnOx) with a hierarchical structure was synthesized by a hydrothermal method and characterized by XRD,SEM,TEM,high resolution TEM,XPS and nitrogen adsorption.The flower-li... Flower-like tin oxide-supported platinum(Pt/SnOx) with a hierarchical structure was synthesized by a hydrothermal method and characterized by XRD,SEM,TEM,high resolution TEM,XPS and nitrogen adsorption.The flower-like Pt/SnOx microspheres of 1 μm in diameter were composed of staggered petal-like nanosheets with a thickness of 20 nm.Pt nanoparticles(NPs) of 2-3 nm were well dispersed on the SnOx nanosheets.The catalyst was tested in the catalytic oxidation of gaseous formaldehyde(HCHO) at room temperature,and exhibited enhanced activity compared to Pt NPs supported on commercial SnO and ground SnOx.HCHO removal of 87%was achieved over the hierarchical Pt/SnOx after 1 h of reaction,which was 1.5 times that over the ground SnOx-supported Pt(Pt/g-SnOx),and the high activity was maintained after six recycles,showing the high stability of this catalyst.HCHO decomposition kinetics was modeled as a second order reaction.The reaction rate constant for Pt/SnOx was 5.6 times higher than Pt/g-SnOx.The hierarchical pore structure was beneficial for the diffusion and adsorption of HCHO molecules,and the highly dispersed Pt NPs on the SnOx nanosheets were the active sites for the oxidative decomposition of HCHO into CO2 and H2O.This study provided a promising approach for designing efficient catalysts for indoor HCHO removal at ambient temperature. 展开更多
关键词 Formaldehyde catalytic oxidation Room temperature Tin oxide platinum Hierarchical structure FLOWER-LIKE
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Characteristics of platinum-group elements in basalts from spreading axis of Mariana Trough
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作者 CAO Zhimin ZHENG Jianbin +2 位作者 ZHOU Meifu AN Wei QI Liang 《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2007年第4期63-71,共9页
Total platinum-group elements (PGEs) abundances in basalts from the spreading axis of Mariana Trough ranged from 0.418 × 10^9 to 1. 022 × 10^-9, and primitive mantle-normalized PGE patterns are of positive... Total platinum-group elements (PGEs) abundances in basalts from the spreading axis of Mariana Trough ranged from 0.418 × 10^9 to 1. 022 × 10^-9, and primitive mantle-normalized PGE patterns are of positive slope showing the relative enrichment of PPGE ( platinum, palladium, rhodium) and gold relative to IPGE. Compared with other mantle-originated rocks, these basalts have lower PGE contents and wider ranges of primitive mantle-normalized ratios of palladium content to iridium one, palladium content to platinum one and palladium content to gold one exhibiting relative platinum and iridium depletion. Characteristics of PGE patterns indicated that the studied Mariana Trough basalts originated from low partial melting, and the MORB mantle beneath the spreading center had been contaminated by the are-island mantle. In the aspect of trace elements, Mariana Trough basalts showed the enrichment of LILE, lead and LREE, indicating that they had been influenced by subduetion compositions. All these demonstrated that Mariana Trough basalts are products of partial melting from a mixed mantle ( the contamination of MORB mantle by are-island mantle). 展开更多
关键词 back-arc basin basalt platinum-group elements negative platinum anomaly subduction zone basin evolution
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GE Signa Profile Platinum3磁共振故障分析与维修
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作者 周作福 韩迪 严桂华 《医疗装备》 2003年第4期59-60,共2页
本款设备主要构成部分是IPS、SRU、OC、table、magnet。其中IPS和OC在操作室 ,table和magnet在扫描室 ,由于扫描室必须磁屏蔽 ,两者之间的信号传输通过SRU连接。由于本机在安装时受到房屋装修的影响 ,故障较多 ,本文将举两例故障现象及... 本款设备主要构成部分是IPS、SRU、OC、table、magnet。其中IPS和OC在操作室 ,table和magnet在扫描室 ,由于扫描室必须磁屏蔽 ,两者之间的信号传输通过SRU连接。由于本机在安装时受到房屋装修的影响 ,故障较多 ,本文将举两例故障现象及其分析 。 展开更多
关键词 GE SIGNA PROFILE platinum3磁共振 故障 维修 IPS SRU OC table MAGNET
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Geodynamic significance and genesis of chromitites from the Islahiye ophiolite(Gaziantep,SE Anatolia)as constrained by platinum group element(PGE)compositions and mineral chemistry characteristics
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作者 Nil Yapici Gael Calo sinda Ngbangandimbo Nusret Nurlu 《Acta Geochimica》 EI CAS CSCD 2022年第5期741-752,共12页
Chromitites associated with intensely altered dunites and harzburgites from fourteen dif ferent localities in the Islahiye ophiolites(SE Anatolia)is reported here for the first time.These chromitites were observed as ... Chromitites associated with intensely altered dunites and harzburgites from fourteen dif ferent localities in the Islahiye ophiolites(SE Anatolia)is reported here for the first time.These chromitites were observed as lenticular and banded bodies with disseminated and massive textures and containing magnesiochromite grains with the following composition:CrO=58.91–59.74 wt%,Al_(2)O_(3)=10.85–11.20 wt%,and TiO=0.09–0.13 wt%.The Mg#[Mg/(Mg+Fe)]values of magnesiochromite from the Islahiye ophiolite range between 0.52 and 0.60 and their Cr#[Cr/(Cr+Al)]values vary from 0.7802 to 0.7844.These contents vary with a constant pattern,coincident with the estimated parental liquids that have originated from the derivative of a single bulk of boninitic magma together with Al,Ti-poor,and Cr-rich initial contents.The chromitites are serpentinised in almost all parts of the study area,and harzburgite and dunite can be observed in different locations.Although the overall composition of platinum group elements(PGE)in most examined chromitites varies between 97 and 191 ppb,three chromitites from the Islahiye region present enrichments in overall PGE(up to 214 ppb).The mineralogical and geochemical features of chromitites from the Islahiye region exhibit a robust similarity to podiform chromitites in the mantle fragment of supra–subduction zone type ophiolitic bodies.The estimated parental magmas of the investigated chromites are consistent with the diff erentiation of arcrelated melts and do not suggest an oceanic spreading centre tectonic environment.The Islahiye chromites are enriched in IPGE(Ir,Os,Ru),with the occasional presence of Ru and Ir and higher Os contents in chromite.Furthermore,we did not find any platinum group minerals(PGM)associated with the serpentine silicate sample matrix,which would have stated a secondary enrichment in PGEs.All chromitites in the investigated region have high Cr and low Ti values,are defined as magnesiochromite and were crystallised from a characteristic boninitic magma. 展开更多
关键词 CHROMITE platinum group element platinum group mineral OPHIOLITE Mineral chemistry
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Distribution of platinum group elements in road dust in the Beijing metropolitan area, China 被引量:19
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作者 WANG Juan ZHU Ruo-hua SHI Yan-zhi 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2007年第1期29-34,共6页
Dust samples collected from the Beijing metropolitan area (China) were evaluated to determine the distribution and the concentration of platinum group elements (PGEs). The dust particles that were smaller than 100... Dust samples collected from the Beijing metropolitan area (China) were evaluated to determine the distribution and the concentration of platinum group elements (PGEs). The dust particles that were smaller than 100 mesh size fraction (150 μm) were analyzed after aqua regia digestion. Concentrations ofPt, Rh, and Pd were found to be between 3.96 and 356.3 ng/g, 2.76 and 97.11 ng/g, and 0.1 and 124.9 ng/g, respectively, in the urban areas of Beijing, whereas for the background samples collected from the suburbs of Beijing, the concentrations of Pt, Pd, and Rh were very low and ranged from 0.1 to 0.9 ng/g, 0.5 to 1.4 ng/g, and 0.8 to 2.2 rig/g, respectively. The distributions of PGEs in road dust were an accurate reflection of the levels of pollution and were found to match with the local traffic conditions. A strong positive correlation was established among all the dements found in road dust. This suggests that emissions of abraded fragments from vehicle exhausts may be the source of the high concentration of Pt, Rh, and Pd in road dust along the main roads of Beijing. 展开更多
关键词 platinum (Pt) palladium (Pd) rhodium (Rh) road dust DISTRIBUTION environmental pollution
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A meta-analysis of the success rates of heartbeat restoration within the platinum 10min among outpatients suffering from sudden cardiac arrest in China 被引量:26
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作者 Xiang-Min Gu Zhi-Hui Li +2 位作者 Zhong-jie He Zhe-Wei Zhao Shuang-Qing Liu 《Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China)》 CAS 2016年第1期1-14,共14页
Background:The optimal time to save a person who has had a sudden cardiac arrest is within the first few minutes of the incident.Early compression and early defibrillation should be performed at this time.Timeliness i... Background:The optimal time to save a person who has had a sudden cardiac arrest is within the first few minutes of the incident.Early compression and early defibrillation should be performed at this time.Timeliness is the key to successful CPR; as such,Prof.He proposed the 'platinum 10 min' system to study early CPR issues.This paper systematically evaluates the success rates of heartbeat restoration within the 'platinum 10min' among patients suffering from sudden cardiac arrest.Methods:The clinical data of outpatients suffering from a cardiac arrest were retrieved from the China Knowledge Network(January 1975-January 2015),the Chongqing VIP database(January 1989-January 2015),and the Wanfang database(January 1990-January 2015).The success of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) performed at different times after the patients had cardiac arrests was analyzed.Two researchers screened the literature and extracted the data independently.A meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 12.0.A total of 57 papers met the inclusion criteria,including 29,269 patients.Of these patients,1,776 had their heartbeats successfully restored.The results showed high heterogeneity(χ~2=3428.85,P<0.01,I2=98.4%).The meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model.The combined effect size was 0.171(0.144-0.199).Results:1) The success rate of heartbeat restoration did not differ among the four emergency treatment methods that patients received:the methods described in the 2000 Guidelines for CPR and Emergency Cardiovascular Care,that described in the 2005 version,2010 version,and another CPR method.2) The patients were divided into five groups based on the time when CPR was performed:the ?1min group,the 1-5min group,the 5-10 min group,the 10-15 min group and the >15min group.The CPR success rates of these five groups were 0.247(0.15-0.344),0.353(0.250-0.456),0.136(0.109-0.163),0.058(0.041-0.075),and 0.011(0.004-0.019),respectively.The CPR success rates did not differ between the patients in the ?1min group and the 1-5min group.This success rate was higher for the patients in the 1-5min group than those in the 10-15 min group,those in the 10-15 min group,and those in the >15min group.The CPR success rate was higher for the patients in the 5-10 min group than those in the 10-15 min group and those in the >15min group.The CPR success rate was higher for the patients in the 10-15 min group than those in the >15min group.In addition,the patients were divided into two groups based on whether CPR was performed within the first 10 min after the cardiac arrest occurred:the ?10min group and the >10min group.The CPR success rate was higher for the patients in the ?10min group [0.189(0.161-0.218)] than those in the >10min group [0.044(0.032-0.056)].3) Differences were not found between the CPR success rates among the patients in the telephone guidance group [0.167(0.016-0.351)] and those in the ?1min,1-5min,5-10 min,10-15 min,and >15min groups.4) The CPR success rates did not differ among in the patients in the witness + public group [0.329(0.221-0.436)],those in the ?1min group,and those in the 1-5min group.However,this success rate was higher in the patients in the witness + public group than those in the 5-10 min,10-15 min,and >15min groups.Conclusion:The success rate of heartbeat restoration did not differ among patients receiving CPR based on different guidelines.The success rate of CPR lies in its timeliness.The participation of the general population is the cornerstone of improving CPR.Providing complete emergency treatment equipment and perfecting comprehensive measures can improve the success rate of CPR among patients within the platinum 10 min.CPR research in China must be improved. 展开更多
关键词 Cardiac arrest Cardiopulmonary resuscitation META-ANALYSIS platinum 10 minutes Time-efficiency First aid
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Nanostructured ultrathin catalyst layer with ordered platinum nanotube arrays for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells 被引量:9
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作者 Ruoyi Deng Zhangxun Xia +2 位作者 Ruili Sun Suli Wang Gongquan Sun 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2020年第4期33-39,共7页
Fabrication of novel electrode architectures with nanostructured ultrathin catalyst layers is an effective strategy to improve catalyst utilization and enhance mass transport for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell... Fabrication of novel electrode architectures with nanostructured ultrathin catalyst layers is an effective strategy to improve catalyst utilization and enhance mass transport for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs).Herein,we report the design and construction of a nanostructured ultrathin catalyst layer with ordered Pt nanotube arrays,which were obtained by a hard-template strategy based on ZnO,via hydrothermal synthesis and magnetron sputtering for PEMFC application.Because of the crystallographically preferential growth of Pt (111) facets,which was attributed to the structural effects of ZnO nanoarrays on the Pt nanotubes,the catalyst layers exhibit obviously higher electrochemical activity with remarkable enhancement of specific activity and mass transport compared with the state-of-the-art randomly distributed Pt/C catalyst layer.The PEMFC fabricated with the as-prepared catalyst layer composed of optimized Pt nanotubes with an average diameter of 90(±10) nm shows excellent performance with a peak power density of 6.0W/mgPt at 1 A/cm^2,which is 11.6%greater than that of the conventional Pt/C electrode. 展开更多
关键词 Catalyst layer Membrane electrode assembly platinum NANOTUBE arrays Fuel cells
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Platinum-polyaniline-modified carbon fiber electrode for the electrooxidation of methanol 被引量:9
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作者 WUKezhong MENGXu +1 位作者 WANGXindong LIJingling 《Rare Metals》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2005年第1期33-36,共4页
Platinum was electrodeposited onto a polyaniline-modified carbon fiberelectrode by the cyclic voltammetric method in sulfuric acid, which may enable an increase in thelevel of platinum utilization currently achieved i... Platinum was electrodeposited onto a polyaniline-modified carbon fiberelectrode by the cyclic voltammetric method in sulfuric acid, which may enable an increase in thelevel of platinum utilization currently achieved in electrocatalytic systems. This electrodepreparation consists of a two-step procedure: first electropolymerization of aniline onto carbonfiber and then electrodeposition of platinum. The catalytic activity of theplatinum-polyanihne-modified carbon fiber electrode (Pt/PAni/C) was compared with that of a barecarbon fiber electrode (Pt/C) by the oxidation of methanol. The maximum oxidation current ofmethanol on Pt/PAni/C is 50.7 mA centre dot cm^(-2), which is 6.7 times higher than 7.6 mA centredot cm^(-2) on the Pt/C. Scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the dispersion of theplatinum particles of about 0.4 um. 展开更多
关键词 physical chemistry ELECTRODEPOSITION POLYANILINE catalytic oxidation platinum utilization
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Reviews of Metallurgical Technology to Recovery Platinum Group Metals from Secondary Resource in China 被引量:10
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作者 GUO Junmei HE Xiaotang +5 位作者 WANG Huan WU Xilong ZHAO Yu LI Yong LI Kun HAN Shouli 《贵金属》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2012年第A01期18-23,共6页
China is extremely poor in mineral resources of Platinum Group Metals (PGMs), productive output of PGMs from mineral resource is 2.5 tons per year. At the same time, China is the biggest PGMs consumption country in th... China is extremely poor in mineral resources of Platinum Group Metals (PGMs), productive output of PGMs from mineral resource is 2.5 tons per year. At the same time, China is the biggest PGMs consumption country in the world, the mineral resource of PGMs is critical shortage, it shows the importance of recycling the secondary resource of PGMs. Sino-Platinum Metals Resource (Yimen) Co., Ltd. is the leader in recycling of PGMs from secondary resource, and has made outstanding contributions to China PGMs secondary resources recycling. This article elucidates the current situation of secondary resources recovery and development of metallurgical technology for PGMs. 展开更多
关键词 metallurgical technology platinum group metals secondary resource REFINING RECOVERY
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Hydroisomerization performance of platinum supported on ZSM-22/ZSM-23 intergrowth zeolite catalyst 被引量:9
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作者 Chi Kebin Zhao Zhen +8 位作者 Tian Zhijian Hu Sheng Yan Lijun Li Tianshu Wang Bingchun Meng Xiangbin Gao Shanbin Tan Mingwei Liu Yanfeng 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第2期242-250,共9页
Hydroisomerization catalysts Pt/ZSM-22, Pt/ZSM-23, and Pt/ZSM-22/ZSM-23 were prepared by supporting Pt on ZSM-22, ZSM-23, and intergrowth zeolite ZSM-22/ZSM-23, respectively. The typical physicochemical properties of ... Hydroisomerization catalysts Pt/ZSM-22, Pt/ZSM-23, and Pt/ZSM-22/ZSM-23 were prepared by supporting Pt on ZSM-22, ZSM-23, and intergrowth zeolite ZSM-22/ZSM-23, respectively. The typical physicochemical properties of these catalysts were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), N2 absorption-desorption, Pyridine-Fourier Transform Infrared (Py-FTIR), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and NH3- Temperature Programmed Desorption (NH3-TPD), and the performance of these catalysts in n-dodecane hydroisomerization was evaluated in a continuous down-flow fixed bed with a stainless steel tubular reactor. The characterization results indicated that the intergrowth zeolite ZSM-22/ZSM-23 possessed the dual structure of ZSM-22 and ZSM-23, and the catalyst Pt/ZSM-22/ZSM-23 had similar pores and weak acidity to Pt/ZSM-22 and Pt/ZSM-23 catalysts. Moreover, Pt/ZSM-22/ZSM-23 catalyst showed a high selectivity in hydroisomerization of long chain n-alkanes to mono-branched isomers. The evaluation results for n-dodecane hydroisomerization indicated that the activity of Pt/ZSM-22/ZSM-23 was the lowest, while the hydroisomerization selectivity was the highest among the three catalysts. The maximum yield of i-dodecane product was 68.3% over Pt/ZSM-22/ZSM-23 at 320 ℃. 展开更多
关键词 ZSM-22/ZSM-23 intergrowth zeolite platinum catalyst N-DODECANE HYDROISOMERIZATION
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