Films of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)/polycarbonate (PC) polymer blend doped silicon carbide (SiC) nanopowder are synthesized by the casting method. The study for the structural, optical and electrical behavior of P...Films of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)/polycarbonate (PC) polymer blend doped silicon carbide (SiC) nanopowder are synthesized by the casting method. The study for the structural, optical and electrical behavior of PMMA/PC blend without and with low contents (≤0.8 wt%) of SiC is done. The change of the structure is investigated from X-ray spectra. After the addition of SiC, the intensity of the main X-ray halo peak at 2θ = 20.26°of PMMA/PC is decreased, attributed to an interaction between PMMA/PC. It’s clear that SiC is causing an increase in the amorphous regions inside the PMMA/PC blend. The peaks related to SiC are not found attributed using a small amount of SiC with complete dissolution of SiC. The shift of the intensity for IR bands has supported an interaction between all components. The values of the optical band gap from UV-Vis spectra using indirect transition are decreased with the increase of SiC. The values of the electrical conductivity are low at low frequency attributed to the charge accumulation at the electrode which takes place. The conductivity is increased as the increase of frequency due to the mobility of charge carriers. Furthermore, the conductivity is increased with the increase of SiC contents. The values of ε' and ε'' are very high at the lower frequency and they decrease when the frequency is increased attributed to the effect. The plot of both Z' and Z'' shows dramatic decrease with the increase of frequency.展开更多
A series of blends of Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Polycarbonate (PC) were prepared and some of their thermal and mechanical properties were determined. The Young’s modulus changed gradually and monotoni...A series of blends of Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Polycarbonate (PC) were prepared and some of their thermal and mechanical properties were determined. The Young’s modulus changed gradually and monotonically with the polycarbonate content. This effect was tentatively explained as the antiplasticization of the PC which is ascribed to the chain mobility, which permits the PC chains to pack more tightly, to the secondary cross-linking between the PC chains, or to the secondary attachment of bulky side-chains to the PC, thus producing steric hindrance to the rotation of the PC main chains. The experimental values found for the impact strength were intermediate between those of the neat polymers, depending upon the dispersed rubber particles of butadiene in the matrix of SAN (Styrene-Acrylonitrile), and the dispersed PC particles which generally make the ABS more brittle. A maximum value of about 88 KJ/m2 for the impact strength was observed for the blend with 90% PC. This may be attributed to the strong polymer-polymer interactions for this particular composition. The variations in the heat deflection temperature HDT and the Vicat softening point with the blend composition were very similar, and allowed us to assume that the phase inversion between the matrices of the two polymers takes place at 50% PC. The morphology of the blends revealed by SEM observation, show a co-continuous structure.展开更多
Based on the premise that the addition of glass beads （GB） could hardly influence the linear viscoelasticity in low frequency （ω） region for homogeneous polymer systems, the dynamic rheological behaviors of unfil...Based on the premise that the addition of glass beads （GB） could hardly influence the linear viscoelasticity in low frequency （ω） region for homogeneous polymer systems, the dynamic rheological behaviors of unfilled and filled poly（methyl methyacrylate） （PMMA）/poly（styrene-co-acrylonitrile） （SAN） blends were studied in order to explore the effect of GB on the phase-separation of binary polymer matrix. Results show that GB has an induced effect on the phase-separation, which embodies that the phase-separation temperature （Ts） of PMMA/SAN blend filled with GB is lower than that of the unfilled system. The higher content of GB, the higher is the ＂secondary plateau＂ of ω in the terminal region of storage modulus （G＇） versus ω plot. The ＂secondary plateau＂ appearing in the terminal region is attributed to the phase-separation of PMMA/SAN blends and it becomes more fiat for filled polymer blends under the same conditions. However, it is suggested that this kind of ＂induced effect＂ is related to the GB content; the higher content of GB particles might enhance the interaction between the particles and polymer matrix. Moreover, it is found that the addition of GB also has an influence more or less on the morphology and domain size of polymer matrix. It is believed that the plot of dynamic viscosity （η＇） versus the loss viscosity （η＂） is sensitive to examine the effect induced by GB on the phase-separation of binary polymer matrix.展开更多
This paper experimentally studies the tensile deformation behavior of poly- carbonate （PC）, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene （ABS）, and PC/ABS blends （with the blending ratios of PC to ABS being 80：20, 60：40, 50...This paper experimentally studies the tensile deformation behavior of poly- carbonate （PC）, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene （ABS）, and PC/ABS blends （with the blending ratios of PC to ABS being 80：20, 60：40, 50：50, and 40：60） from low to high strain rates. Using the universal MTS-810 machine and the split Hopkinson tension bar （SHTB） testing system, the quasi-static and impact tension tests are carried out at the room temperature. The curves of the true stress and the true strain are obtained. The deformation behaviors of PC, ABS, and PC/ABS blends are characterized in detail. The linear relationship between the strain rate and the yielding stress is given.展开更多
The attainment of a better understanding and improvement of electrical properties of ternary blend is a task of particular scientific and economic importance. Ternary films of Poly (methylmethacrylate), Poly (ethlymat...The attainment of a better understanding and improvement of electrical properties of ternary blend is a task of particular scientific and economic importance. Ternary films of Poly (methylmethacrylate), Poly (ethlymathacrylate) and poly (vinlylidenefluoride) were prepared using solution cast technique. Thereafter, to study the hetro charges, homo-charges and interfacial charge formation in ternary system, the short circuit thermally stimulated discharge current (SC-TSDC) measurements were carried out on bilaterally metallized electrets. The ternary blend samples taken for the present investigations are hetrogeneous system involving three polymers differing in their conduction behaviour and dielectric property. Thus, unequal ohmic conduction currents arriving at the interface are expected to result in accumulation of charges at the interface or the Maxwell-Wagner effect. Clearly the Maxwell Wagner effect is expected to contribute discernibly to the observed TSDC’s of the ternary blends. The PMMA: PEMA: PVDF:: 100:100:50 blend exhibits highest tendency while 100:50:100 the least, towards the anomalous current flow. Moreover, the conductivity of 100: 100: 50 is found to be more and, therefore, a large amount of homocharge is injected leading to anomalous current.展开更多
In the present work, magnetite (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) nanoparticles have been prepared by a simple chemical method. Polymer nanocomposites based on the blend between poly vinylamine fluo...In the present work, magnetite (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) nanoparticles have been prepared by a simple chemical method. Polymer nanocomposites based on the blend between poly vinylamine fluoride (PVDF) and (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) doped with different concentrations of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles have been prepared. The structural, optical, and magnetization properties of the nanocomposite samples were studied using suitable techniques. The X-ray study reflected that the cubic spinal structure of pure Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> crystal. No small peaks or ripples were found in the X-ray spectra, conforming to good dispersion of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> within PVDF/PMMA matrices. The FT-IR analysis demonstrated the miscibility between the PVDF and PMMA blend with the interaction between the polymer blend and Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. The values of the band gap from UV-Vis study were decreased up to 4.21 eV, 3.01 eV for direct and indirect measurements, respectively. The magnetization was measured as a function of the applied magnetic field in the range of −2000 - 2000 Oersted. The curves of the magnetization indicated a paramagnetic behavior of pure Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles and PVDF/PMMA-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanocomposites. The values of saturation magnetization for pure Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> are nearly 75 emu/g, exhibiting a paramagnetic behavior, and it is decreased with the increase of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> content.展开更多
The effect of substrate on the phase morphologies of PMMA/PS blend films was investigated by means of phase contrast microscope. PMMA/PS blend films were cast onto various substrates(such as glass substrate and PP sub...The effect of substrate on the phase morphologies of PMMA/PS blend films was investigated by means of phase contrast microscope. PMMA/PS blend films were cast onto various substrates(such as glass substrate and PP substrate) by spin-coating with thickness of about 10 μm. It was observed that there was a large difference of the phase inversion region between the blend films cast on glass and on PP substrates. On glass substrate, the phase inversion occurred at about \%Φ\%_m=0 4(PS mass fraction) while at \%Φ\%_m=0 5 on PP substrate. This implies that there is a shift of the phase inversion region with the change of substrate in cast polymer blend films. In other words, phase inversion region depends on the substrate. ATR-FTIR analysis was used to detect the composition of the surface and the bottom of the films(about 100 μm thick) obtained by evaporating solvent from the polymer blend solution. The ATR-FTIR spectra of the surface and the bottom of the PMMA/PS blend thin films cast on glass substrate and PP substrate showed that PMMA component preferentially segregated to glass substrate and PS component was enriched on the PP substrate. This selective segregation was due to the difference of the wetting abilities of PS and PMMA on the two kinds of substrates. The polymer-substrate interfacial tension γ were calculated and the results supported the ATR-FTIR results. It could be inferred that the shift of the phase inversion region with the change of the substrate in PMMA/PS blend film was due to the fact that the composition of the blend in the bulk changed, owing to the selective enrichment of one component of polymer blend to the substrate. In other words, the affinity between polymer and substrate can strongly influence the phase morphologies and the phase inversion region in polymer blend films.展开更多
文摘Films of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)/polycarbonate (PC) polymer blend doped silicon carbide (SiC) nanopowder are synthesized by the casting method. The study for the structural, optical and electrical behavior of PMMA/PC blend without and with low contents (≤0.8 wt%) of SiC is done. The change of the structure is investigated from X-ray spectra. After the addition of SiC, the intensity of the main X-ray halo peak at 2θ = 20.26°of PMMA/PC is decreased, attributed to an interaction between PMMA/PC. It’s clear that SiC is causing an increase in the amorphous regions inside the PMMA/PC blend. The peaks related to SiC are not found attributed using a small amount of SiC with complete dissolution of SiC. The shift of the intensity for IR bands has supported an interaction between all components. The values of the optical band gap from UV-Vis spectra using indirect transition are decreased with the increase of SiC. The values of the electrical conductivity are low at low frequency attributed to the charge accumulation at the electrode which takes place. The conductivity is increased as the increase of frequency due to the mobility of charge carriers. Furthermore, the conductivity is increased with the increase of SiC contents. The values of ε' and ε'' are very high at the lower frequency and they decrease when the frequency is increased attributed to the effect. The plot of both Z' and Z'' shows dramatic decrease with the increase of frequency.
文摘A series of blends of Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Polycarbonate (PC) were prepared and some of their thermal and mechanical properties were determined. The Young’s modulus changed gradually and monotonically with the polycarbonate content. This effect was tentatively explained as the antiplasticization of the PC which is ascribed to the chain mobility, which permits the PC chains to pack more tightly, to the secondary cross-linking between the PC chains, or to the secondary attachment of bulky side-chains to the PC, thus producing steric hindrance to the rotation of the PC main chains. The experimental values found for the impact strength were intermediate between those of the neat polymers, depending upon the dispersed rubber particles of butadiene in the matrix of SAN (Styrene-Acrylonitrile), and the dispersed PC particles which generally make the ABS more brittle. A maximum value of about 88 KJ/m2 for the impact strength was observed for the blend with 90% PC. This may be attributed to the strong polymer-polymer interactions for this particular composition. The variations in the heat deflection temperature HDT and the Vicat softening point with the blend composition were very similar, and allowed us to assume that the phase inversion between the matrices of the two polymers takes place at 50% PC. The morphology of the blends revealed by SEM observation, show a co-continuous structure.
基金This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20304014)the Special Funds for National Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.50125312).
文摘Based on the premise that the addition of glass beads （GB） could hardly influence the linear viscoelasticity in low frequency （ω） region for homogeneous polymer systems, the dynamic rheological behaviors of unfilled and filled poly（methyl methyacrylate） （PMMA）/poly（styrene-co-acrylonitrile） （SAN） blends were studied in order to explore the effect of GB on the phase-separation of binary polymer matrix. Results show that GB has an induced effect on the phase-separation, which embodies that the phase-separation temperature （Ts） of PMMA/SAN blend filled with GB is lower than that of the unfilled system. The higher content of GB, the higher is the ＂secondary plateau＂ of ω in the terminal region of storage modulus （G＇） versus ω plot. The ＂secondary plateau＂ appearing in the terminal region is attributed to the phase-separation of PMMA/SAN blends and it becomes more fiat for filled polymer blends under the same conditions. However, it is suggested that this kind of ＂induced effect＂ is related to the GB content; the higher content of GB particles might enhance the interaction between the particles and polymer matrix. Moreover, it is found that the addition of GB also has an influence more or less on the morphology and domain size of polymer matrix. It is believed that the plot of dynamic viscosity （η＇） versus the loss viscosity （η＂） is sensitive to examine the effect induced by GB on the phase-separation of binary polymer matrix.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11142004)the Shang-hai Leading Academic Discipline Project (No. S30106)the Innovative Foundation of Shanghai University
文摘This paper experimentally studies the tensile deformation behavior of poly- carbonate （PC）, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene （ABS）, and PC/ABS blends （with the blending ratios of PC to ABS being 80：20, 60：40, 50：50, and 40：60） from low to high strain rates. Using the universal MTS-810 machine and the split Hopkinson tension bar （SHTB） testing system, the quasi-static and impact tension tests are carried out at the room temperature. The curves of the true stress and the true strain are obtained. The deformation behaviors of PC, ABS, and PC/ABS blends are characterized in detail. The linear relationship between the strain rate and the yielding stress is given.
文摘The attainment of a better understanding and improvement of electrical properties of ternary blend is a task of particular scientific and economic importance. Ternary films of Poly (methylmethacrylate), Poly (ethlymathacrylate) and poly (vinlylidenefluoride) were prepared using solution cast technique. Thereafter, to study the hetro charges, homo-charges and interfacial charge formation in ternary system, the short circuit thermally stimulated discharge current (SC-TSDC) measurements were carried out on bilaterally metallized electrets. The ternary blend samples taken for the present investigations are hetrogeneous system involving three polymers differing in their conduction behaviour and dielectric property. Thus, unequal ohmic conduction currents arriving at the interface are expected to result in accumulation of charges at the interface or the Maxwell-Wagner effect. Clearly the Maxwell Wagner effect is expected to contribute discernibly to the observed TSDC’s of the ternary blends. The PMMA: PEMA: PVDF:: 100:100:50 blend exhibits highest tendency while 100:50:100 the least, towards the anomalous current flow. Moreover, the conductivity of 100: 100: 50 is found to be more and, therefore, a large amount of homocharge is injected leading to anomalous current.
文摘In the present work, magnetite (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) nanoparticles have been prepared by a simple chemical method. Polymer nanocomposites based on the blend between poly vinylamine fluoride (PVDF) and (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) doped with different concentrations of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles have been prepared. The structural, optical, and magnetization properties of the nanocomposite samples were studied using suitable techniques. The X-ray study reflected that the cubic spinal structure of pure Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> crystal. No small peaks or ripples were found in the X-ray spectra, conforming to good dispersion of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> within PVDF/PMMA matrices. The FT-IR analysis demonstrated the miscibility between the PVDF and PMMA blend with the interaction between the polymer blend and Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. The values of the band gap from UV-Vis study were decreased up to 4.21 eV, 3.01 eV for direct and indirect measurements, respectively. The magnetization was measured as a function of the applied magnetic field in the range of −2000 - 2000 Oersted. The curves of the magnetization indicated a paramagnetic behavior of pure Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles and PVDF/PMMA-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanocomposites. The values of saturation magnetization for pure Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> are nearly 75 emu/g, exhibiting a paramagnetic behavior, and it is decreased with the increase of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> content.
文摘The effect of substrate on the phase morphologies of PMMA/PS blend films was investigated by means of phase contrast microscope. PMMA/PS blend films were cast onto various substrates(such as glass substrate and PP substrate) by spin-coating with thickness of about 10 μm. It was observed that there was a large difference of the phase inversion region between the blend films cast on glass and on PP substrates. On glass substrate, the phase inversion occurred at about \%Φ\%_m=0 4(PS mass fraction) while at \%Φ\%_m=0 5 on PP substrate. This implies that there is a shift of the phase inversion region with the change of substrate in cast polymer blend films. In other words, phase inversion region depends on the substrate. ATR-FTIR analysis was used to detect the composition of the surface and the bottom of the films(about 100 μm thick) obtained by evaporating solvent from the polymer blend solution. The ATR-FTIR spectra of the surface and the bottom of the PMMA/PS blend thin films cast on glass substrate and PP substrate showed that PMMA component preferentially segregated to glass substrate and PS component was enriched on the PP substrate. This selective segregation was due to the difference of the wetting abilities of PS and PMMA on the two kinds of substrates. The polymer-substrate interfacial tension γ were calculated and the results supported the ATR-FTIR results. It could be inferred that the shift of the phase inversion region with the change of the substrate in PMMA/PS blend film was due to the fact that the composition of the blend in the bulk changed, owing to the selective enrichment of one component of polymer blend to the substrate. In other words, the affinity between polymer and substrate can strongly influence the phase morphologies and the phase inversion region in polymer blend films.
