制备出了 POD (聚恶二唑)薄膜,测定了 POD 薄膜试样在热解炭化期间的化学结构和重量变化,研究了 POD 薄膜的炭化行为。随着热解温度的提高,POD 大分子在氧二氮茂环处发生断裂,形成具有共轭腈基苯的化合物。新生成的>C=N—和—N=C=O ...制备出了 POD (聚恶二唑)薄膜,测定了 POD 薄膜试样在热解炭化期间的化学结构和重量变化,研究了 POD 薄膜的炭化行为。随着热解温度的提高,POD 大分子在氧二氮茂环处发生断裂,形成具有共轭腈基苯的化合物。新生成的>C=N—和—N=C=O 基团继续进行反应,其中—N=C=O 基团通过耦合反应生成炭化二亚胺(—N=C=N—);再经分子链环化转变成具有吡啶型大共轭结构的多环化合物,继而稠环芳构化生成类石墨芳香族六角网状层面结构。另外,POD 薄膜在1 000℃热解炭化后其重量也发生了很大变化,收率为45.92%。展开更多
The activities of enzymes responsible for lignification in pepper, pre-inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus of Glomus intraradices and/or infection with pathogenic strain of Phytophthora capsici, and th...The activities of enzymes responsible for lignification in pepper, pre-inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus of Glomus intraradices and/or infection with pathogenic strain of Phytophthora capsici, and the biological control effect of G. intraradices on Phytophthora blight in pepper were investigated. The experiment was carried out with four treatments: (1) plants pre-inoculated with G. intraradices (Gi), (2) plants pre-inoculated with G. intraradices and then infected with P. capsici (Gi+Pc), (3) plants infected with P. capsici (Pc), and (4) plants without any of the two microorganisms (C). Mycorrhizal coloni-zation rate was reduced by about 10% in pathogen challenged plants. Root mortality caused by infection of P. capsici was com-pletely eliminated by pre-inoculation with antagonistic G. intraradices. On the ninth day after pathogen infection, Peroxidase (POD) activity increased by 116.9% in Pc-treated roots but by only 21.2% in Gi+Pc-treated roots, compared with the control, respectively. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activities gradually increased during the first 3 d and dramatically decreased in Pc-treated roots but slightly decreased in Gi+Pc-treated roots, respectively. On the ninth day after pathogen infection, PPO and PAL decreased by 62.8% and 73.9% in Pc-treated roots but by only 19.8% and 19.5% in Gi+Pc-treated roots, compared with the control, respectively. Three major POD isozymes (45 000, 53 000 and 114 000) were present in Pc-treated roots, while two major bands (53 000 and 114 000) and one minor band (45 000) were present in spectra of Gi+Pc-treated roots, the 45 000 POD isozyme was significantly suppressed by G. intraradices, suggesting that the 45 000 POD isozyme was induced by the pathogen infection but not induced by the antagonistic G. intraradices. A 60 000 PPO isozyme was induced in Pc-treated roots but not induced in Gi+Pc-treated roots. All these results showed the inoculation of antagonistic G. intraradices alleviates root mortality, activates changes of lignification-related enzymes and induces some of the isozymes in pepper plants infected by P. capsici. The results suggested that G. intraradices is a potentially effective protection agent against P. capsici.展开更多
文摘制备出了 POD (聚恶二唑)薄膜,测定了 POD 薄膜试样在热解炭化期间的化学结构和重量变化,研究了 POD 薄膜的炭化行为。随着热解温度的提高,POD 大分子在氧二氮茂环处发生断裂,形成具有共轭腈基苯的化合物。新生成的>C=N—和—N=C=O 基团继续进行反应,其中—N=C=O 基团通过耦合反应生成炭化二亚胺(—N=C=N—);再经分子链环化转变成具有吡啶型大共轭结构的多环化合物,继而稠环芳构化生成类石墨芳香族六角网状层面结构。另外,POD 薄膜在1 000℃热解炭化后其重量也发生了很大变化,收率为45.92%。
基金Project supported by Korea Science and Engineering Foundation(KOSEF) through the Agricultural Plants Stress Research Center(APSRC) at Chonnam National University, Korea
文摘The activities of enzymes responsible for lignification in pepper, pre-inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus of Glomus intraradices and/or infection with pathogenic strain of Phytophthora capsici, and the biological control effect of G. intraradices on Phytophthora blight in pepper were investigated. The experiment was carried out with four treatments: (1) plants pre-inoculated with G. intraradices (Gi), (2) plants pre-inoculated with G. intraradices and then infected with P. capsici (Gi+Pc), (3) plants infected with P. capsici (Pc), and (4) plants without any of the two microorganisms (C). Mycorrhizal coloni-zation rate was reduced by about 10% in pathogen challenged plants. Root mortality caused by infection of P. capsici was com-pletely eliminated by pre-inoculation with antagonistic G. intraradices. On the ninth day after pathogen infection, Peroxidase (POD) activity increased by 116.9% in Pc-treated roots but by only 21.2% in Gi+Pc-treated roots, compared with the control, respectively. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activities gradually increased during the first 3 d and dramatically decreased in Pc-treated roots but slightly decreased in Gi+Pc-treated roots, respectively. On the ninth day after pathogen infection, PPO and PAL decreased by 62.8% and 73.9% in Pc-treated roots but by only 19.8% and 19.5% in Gi+Pc-treated roots, compared with the control, respectively. Three major POD isozymes (45 000, 53 000 and 114 000) were present in Pc-treated roots, while two major bands (53 000 and 114 000) and one minor band (45 000) were present in spectra of Gi+Pc-treated roots, the 45 000 POD isozyme was significantly suppressed by G. intraradices, suggesting that the 45 000 POD isozyme was induced by the pathogen infection but not induced by the antagonistic G. intraradices. A 60 000 PPO isozyme was induced in Pc-treated roots but not induced in Gi+Pc-treated roots. All these results showed the inoculation of antagonistic G. intraradices alleviates root mortality, activates changes of lignification-related enzymes and induces some of the isozymes in pepper plants infected by P. capsici. The results suggested that G. intraradices is a potentially effective protection agent against P. capsici.
