Synthesis and Catalytic Activities of Polymer-Supported Neodymium Complexes——Polymers Containing Thiol and Sulphoxide

The neodymium complexes with crosslinked polystyrene containing -CH2SH and -CH2SOCH3 groups, P-CH2SH . NdCl3 and P-CH2SOCH3. NdCl3, were prepared. P-CH2SH . NdCl3 shows no catalytic activity for butadiene polymerization, while P-CH2SOCH3. NdCl3 can catalyze the polymerization of butadiene. The content of cis-1,4-polybutadiene is more than 95%.

POLYMER-SUPPORTED RARE EARTH CATALYSTS FOR STYRENE POLYMERIZATION

The neodymium complex supported on styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer (SMA·Nd) has been prepared for the first time and found to be a highly effective catalyst for the polymerization of styrene. The SMA·Nd polymeric complex is characterized by IR and its catalytic activity, and the polymerization features have been investigated in comparison with that of the conventional Ziegler-Natta catalysts. When [Nd]=1×10^(-3) mol/L, [M]=5mol/L, Al/Nd=170(mol ratio) and CCl_4/Nd=50(mol ratio), the polymerization conversion of styrene gets to 51.6% in six hours, and the catalytic activity reaches 1852 gPS/gNd, which is much higher than that of conventional rare earth catalysts. The polymerization reaction has an induction period and shows some characteristics of chain polymerization. The polymerization rate is the first order with respect to the concentration of styrene monomer. Addition of FeCl_3 does not suppress the polymerization.

Reaction of Polymer-supported Selenovinyl Bromide with Grignard Reagents: A Facile Route to the Synthesis of (E)-1, 2-Disubstituted Olefins

Polymer-supported selenovinyl bromide, easily prepared from polymer-supported selenenyl bromide with acetylene, reacts with different Grignard reagents using a step-by-step strategy to obtain （E）-1, 2-disubstituted ethenes in good yields.

Synthesis of Polymer-Supported Heteronuclear Rhodium- Cobalt Bimetallic Carbonyl Cluster Catalysts and Their Hydroformylation Properties

Tetranuclear Rh-Co bimetallic cluster was synthesized and characterized by IR and XPS. The properties of the anchored catalysts, its stability and the ligand effect were also studied. The experimental results show that the optimal conditions for the hydroformylation of hexene-1 are as follows: the temperature is 80℃, reaction time 8 h, pressure 5. 88×105 Pa, and molar ratio of H2/CO 1. 2/1. 0. Functional groups attached to the donor atom(N) possess more or less some influence on the catalytic behavior. Compared with the homogeneous cluster, the polymer-supported bimetallic cluster is more stable. After the catalytic reaction, the structure of the anchored catalysts was not destroyed. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization indicates that there is a weak interaction between the polymer support and the active metals.

SYNTHESIS AND CATALYTIC PROPERTY OF POLYMER-SUPPORTED Fe-Co HETEROTETRAMETALLIC CLUSTERS

Four polymer-supported Fe-Co tetrametallic clusters have been prepared by ion exchange and ligand exchange. Their structures were characterized by IR, UV/visible diffuse reflectance spectra and elemental analysis, and by analogy with the reference cluster PhCH_2NMe_3FeCo_3 (CO)_2 . The four heterogenous clusters were efficient catalysts in the hydroformylation of 1-hexene, turnover numbers amounted to 823 — 924 with the yield of 83.2—92.4% heptyl aldehydes and ratios of normal aldehyde to iso-aldehyde of 1.2—1.6, they are facilitated forming the normal aldehyde in comparison with the homogeneous analogue. For the polymer-supported clusters prepared by ion exchange, the polymer-cation parts had no obvious effect on the activity of the cluster anion. The polymer-phosphine substituted cluster prepared by ligand exchange was more stable than the clusters preparedby ion exchange.

A New Type of Polymer-Supported Metallocene Catalyst for Ethylene Polymerization

A new polymer-supported metallocene catalyst has been prepared, The polymer-supported metallocene displayed considerably high activity in ethylene polymerization, the highest being 3.62x10(7) gPE/molZr.h, the molecular weight of the polyethylene produced was Mn = 1.29x10(5). about 3-4 times those of corresponding homogeneous zirconocenes. The polymer-supported metallocene keeps the characteristics of homogeneous metallocene catalysts, and offers some features, such as adaptable to gas phase and slurry processes: easy to prepare in low cost: relatively high activity and lower MAO/Zr ratio; lower inorganic residues in the polyolefins as compared to cases of SiO2, Al2O3 or MgCl2; unitary active structure, no complex surface as with SiO2; good control of morphology of the resulting polymer.

SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND SPECTROSCOPIC INVESTIGATION OF PYRAZINOPORPHYRAZINE NETWORK POLYMER-SUPPORTED METAL (Ⅱ)-BASED CATALYSTS

Chloranil through condensation reaction with vicinal diamine such as diaminomaleonitrile produced heterocyclic monomer, p-benzoquinonebis[2,3-b; 2＇,3＇-b＇]pyrazine-5,6-dinitrile. The tetranitrile monomer was cyclo-tetramerised using lithium/pentanol and acetic acid affording the corresponding tetrap-benzoquinone bis[2,3-b; 2＇,3＇-b＇]pyrazinoporphyrazine）]- based network polymer （2H-Pz）. The tetranitril monomer was cyclo-tetramerised using metal salt and quinoline affording the corresponding porphyrazinato-metal II-based network polymers （M-Pz）, M = Co, Ni or Cu. Elemental analytical results, IR and NMR spectral data of the prepared molecules are consistent with their assigned formulations. Molecular masses and metal contents of the synthesized polymers proved to be of high molecular masses which confirm the efficiency of tetramerization polymerization and complexation reactions. The prepared pyrazinoporphyrazines were used as efficient catalysts for the oxidation of thiophenol and benzylthiol to their disulfides in the presence of air atmosphere. The results of oxidation of thiophenol and benzylthiol show that after 15 min the maximum yield of the corresponding disulfides reached 95%, 91%, respectively.

Nucleophilic Polymer-supported Tertiaryphosphine Organocatalysis：[3＋2] Annulation Reaction of Alkyl 2-Butynoates with Activated Alkenes

JandaJel resin-supported triphenylphosphine（JJ-TPP）,was used as an effective organocatalyst for the [3＋2] annulation reaction of alkyl 2-butynoates with electron-deficient alkenes to afford the corresponding cyclopentenes in 40％-68％ isolated yields.JJ-TPP was reused after simple filtration and vacuum drying.

Poly(ethylene glycol)-supported Piperazine——Synthesis and Application in Knoevenagel Condensation

A soluble, poly（ethylene glycol）-supported piperazine catalyst was prepared. This soluble catalyst efficiently catalyzes the Knoevenagel condensation of various aromatic aldehydes with diethyl malonate or ethyl acetoacetate in a homogeneous phase to afford the desired alkenes in good purity and yield with a facile work-up process. It was found that the polymer reagent could be repeatedly used at least four times without the too much loss of activity. The catalyst has shown a good activity, stability, and recycling capability.

聚合物负载的钯-咪唑催化烯烃加氢(英文)

A polymer-supported palladium-imidazole catalyst was used to catalyze the hydrogenation of various olefins under mild conditions. The rate of hydrogenation was studied. The effects of factors such as substrate concentration,catalyst concentration,partial pressure of hydrogen and temperature on initial rate of reaction of selected olefins were investigated. A mechanism for the reaction was proposed from the rate equation. The effects of the solvent and structure of the olefin on the rate of hydrogenation were investigated. The catalyst showed good reusability without any leaching of metal from the support. The homologous analog of the polymer-supported catalyst could not be used as catalyst for the hydrogenation of olefins in methanol because there was precipitation of the metal during reaction.

The Oxidation of Cyclohexene with Polymer Supported Co(II) in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

The cyclohexene 1 was oxidized with polymer-supported 2.2-bipyridine cobalt(II) complex in the presence of CO2. The conversion and selectivity was sensitive to the pressure of CO2.

SYNTHESIS OF POLYMERIC β-CYCLODEXTRIN SUPPORTED BY CROSSLINKED POLY(ACRYLAMIDE-co-VINYLAMINE)AND ITS CATALYSIS OF THE HYDROLYSIS OF p-NITROPHENYL ACETATE

Polymeric β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) supported by crosslinked poly(acrylamide-co-vinylamine) was synthesized as anartificial analog of hydrolytic enzyme and its catalysis of the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl acetate (p-NPA) was theninvestigated. The result showed that the polymer-supported β-CD could accelerate the hydrolytic reaction of p-NPA morequickly than β-CD itself and crosslinked poly(acrylamide-co-vinylamine) alone. The acceleration rate of the polymer-supported β-CD was about 10 times as fast as that of free β-CD in 0.01 mol/L phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) containing 32%DMSO at 37±0.1℃ when the molar amount of β-CD units in the polymer was equal to that of free β-CD in the experiments.The enhanced acceleration of thc polymer-supported β-CD should be ascribed to the cooperative contribution of theinclusion effect of β-CD ring and the nucleophilic effect of amino groups on the polymeric support.

SYNTHESIS AND CATALYTIC HYDROSILYLATION PROPERTY OF POLYSILOXANE-SUPPORTED MERCAPTOSELENAETHER PLATINUM OR RHODIUM COMPLEX

Silica-bound mercaptoselenaether-containing silsesquioxane and its platinum or rhodium complex were synthesized from gamma-(2,3-epithiopropyl) propyltrimethoxysilane via ring-opening reaction with bis(2-hydroxyethyl) selenide, followed by hydrolysis and immobilization on fumed silica, and then reacting with potassium chloroplatinite or rhodium chloride in acetone under nitrogen atmosphere. It was found that two noble metal complexes can catalyze the hydrosilylation of olefins with triethoxysilane effectively. The influences of temperature, the amount of complex used, the nature of olefin on catalytic activity were investigated.

A NEW POLYMER-BOUND 1,2-DIOL AS A PROTECTING AGENT FOR SYMMETRICAL DIALDEHYDE

A novel polymer-bound 1,2-diol, 3-polystyrylsulfonyl-1,2-propanediol (6) had been prepared by the reaction of sodium polystyrylsulfinate with allyl bromide, followed by oxidation and. hydrolysis or directly with 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst, n-tetrabutylammonium iodide. The capacity of resin 6 for terephthaidehyde reached 1.43 mmol/g. The aldehydic groups attached to polymer 6 reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride or reduced by sodium borohydride giving p-formylbenzaldoxime (yield: 89%)and p-formyl-benzalcohol (yield: 734%), respectively. The high yields of these polymer-supported reactions showed that the polymer 6 possessed the effective isolation of its reactive sites.

A Novel Complex of Pyridinium Polystyrylsulfonate with Fluoboric Acid as a Catalyst for Acetalization of Benzaldehyde with n-Butanol

A new complex (1) was prepared by mixing pyridinium polystyrylsulfonate resin and aqueous fluoboric acid, followed by being dehydrated. 1 can be used as an acidic catalyst for the acetalization of benzaldehyde with n-butanol with a highly catalytic activity. The characterization and reusability of 1 are discussed.

Facile Preparation and Application of Polystyrylsulfonyl Chloride Resins

Polystyrylsulfonyl chloride resin (1) is a useful polymer intermediate in organic syntheses. Resin 1 can be obtained by chlorosulfonation of styrenedivinylbenzene copolymers, or treatment of the sulfonated copolymer derivatives (i. e., sulfonic cation exchange resins) with thionyl chloride, phosphorus oxychloride and phosphorus pentachloride. The preparation of polystyrylsulfonyl chloride have been reviewed by Emerson et al.

HYDROGENATION ACTIVITY OF ADSORBINGRESIN SUPPORTED PALLADIUM—METALLIC OXIDE CATALYSTS

Hydrogenations for olefinic double bonds catalyted by the Pd-Fe2O3/D3520 resin and Pd-Bi2O3/D3520 resin were reported. These catatysts were characterized by IR spectra and XPS methods. The XPS investigation indicated that the-electron transfer from Fe atom in Fe2O3 to Pd, enhanced the hy-drogenation activity of the catalysts,and Bi2O3 drew electrons from Pd, leading to the lowering of the hydrogenation rate. When Pd/Bi atom ratio = 1, the hydrogenation was inhibited entirely. The IR spectra of resin 1)3520 showed no significant changes when Pd and the metallic oxides were supported on the polymer particles. That indicates that there are no obvious inter-actions between Pd (or metallic oxides) and supporter. Finally , a possible hydrogenation mechanism ,was also supposed.

Chitosan-supported Borohydride Reducing Agent

A new chitosan-supported borohydride reducing reagent (CBER) was prepared by treatment of KBH4 with the resin of chitosan derivative, which was first synthesized from: the reaction of cross-linked chitosan microsphere with glycidyl trimethylammonium chloride. CBER could reduce aromatic carbonyl compound to corresponding alcohol.