Background:Magnesium cantharidate(MC)is a protein phosphatase 2A(PP2A)inhibitor antitumor drug.However,its antitumor mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma cell(HCC)remains unclear.Methods:PP2A lentiviral vector over e...Background:Magnesium cantharidate(MC)is a protein phosphatase 2A(PP2A)inhibitor antitumor drug.However,its antitumor mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma cell(HCC)remains unclear.Methods:PP2A lentiviral vector over expression strategy was utilized both in vivo and in vitro to explore the antitumor effect in MC and okadaic acid(OA).Tumor weight was detected in mice after MC and OA exposure.Cell proliferation,cell cycle,apoptosis rate,and western blotting were detected to explore the effects on MC and OA in human hepatocarcinoma SMMC-7721 cells.Results:In vivo results demonstrated that MC inhibited HCC progression while OA promoted tumor growth.In vitro results demonstrated that MC effectively inhibited the growth of SMMC-7721 cells by arresting the cell cycle at the G2/M phase with inhibiting Cdc25C and activating the phosphorylation of the Cdc2 protein.Flow cytometry results further showed that MC increased apoptosis.Furthermore,the expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2 was lower in the MC group but higher in the OA group.Molecular docking results showed that MC docked well with ERK1/2.Conclusions:MC inhibited HCC progression by suppressing the growth and activating the apoptosis of cancer cells and suppressing the expression of PP2A and ERK1/2.展开更多
【目的】PP1γ2是一种特异表达于动物睾丸和精子的蛋白磷酸酶,为精子发生、运动性获得与调控所必需的关键酶,本文对PP1γ2与昆明小鼠精子成熟和运动性调控进行研究。【方法】通过Western-blot技术,分析昆明小鼠不同条件下附睾头和附睾...【目的】PP1γ2是一种特异表达于动物睾丸和精子的蛋白磷酸酶,为精子发生、运动性获得与调控所必需的关键酶,本文对PP1γ2与昆明小鼠精子成熟和运动性调控进行研究。【方法】通过Western-blot技术,分析昆明小鼠不同条件下附睾头和附睾尾精子中磷酸化和非磷酸化PP1γ2的蛋白质表达量,探讨磷酸酶抑制剂okadaic acid (OA)和cyliculin A (CA)对附睾头和附睾尾精子运动度的影响。【结果】附睾尾精子中磷酸化PP1γ2的蛋白水平远远高于附睾头精子的(P<0.05);db-cAMP、IBMX和Ca^(2+)不改变磷酸化PP1γ2的蛋白水平;OA和CA能显著提高附睾头和附睾尾磷酸化PP1γ2的表达水平,且能显著提高精子(尤其是附睾头的精子)运动度。【结论】PP1γ2通过磷酸化和去磷酸化作用,其酶活性发生变化,从而对昆明小鼠附睾精子成熟和运动性进行调控,即在附睾头精子中PP1γ2酶活性较高,精子运动度较低;在附睾尾精子中PP1γ2酶活性较低,精子运动度得到显著提高。展开更多
蛋白磷酸酶2A(PP2A)是由36 k Da的催化亚基C(PP2Ac)和65 k Da的结构亚基A(PP2Aα/β)一起组成PP2A的核心酶,并且和各种不同的调节亚基B形成具有不同功能的PP2A全酶复合体。在细胞中PP2A发挥着重要作用,特别是在抑制肿瘤的形成当中,编码P...蛋白磷酸酶2A(PP2A)是由36 k Da的催化亚基C(PP2Ac)和65 k Da的结构亚基A(PP2Aα/β)一起组成PP2A的核心酶,并且和各种不同的调节亚基B形成具有不同功能的PP2A全酶复合体。在细胞中PP2A发挥着重要作用,特别是在抑制肿瘤的形成当中,编码PP2Aα/β基因的突变将导致肿瘤的形成和其他疾病。当非小细胞肺癌细胞H1299中过表达PP2A-Aα时,细胞生长被抑制,细胞周期停留在G0/G1期,致瘤能力也同时被抑制。进一步研究证明当PP2A-Aα过表达时,Akt被去磷酸化失活使Skp2的表达下调,从而导致细胞周期抑制因子p27kip1的表达上调。肿瘤细胞软琼脂克隆形成实验的结果表明过表达PP2A-Aα之后H1299细胞的锚定非依赖性生长能力明显的降低,形成的克隆细胞团也较小,这些结果和裸鼠成瘤实验的结果是一致的。展开更多
基金The research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.81760746)Science and Technology Department of Zunyi city of Guizhou province of China([2020]7)Guizhou Provincial Science&Technology Program(ZK[2022]615).
文摘Background:Magnesium cantharidate(MC)is a protein phosphatase 2A(PP2A)inhibitor antitumor drug.However,its antitumor mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma cell(HCC)remains unclear.Methods:PP2A lentiviral vector over expression strategy was utilized both in vivo and in vitro to explore the antitumor effect in MC and okadaic acid(OA).Tumor weight was detected in mice after MC and OA exposure.Cell proliferation,cell cycle,apoptosis rate,and western blotting were detected to explore the effects on MC and OA in human hepatocarcinoma SMMC-7721 cells.Results:In vivo results demonstrated that MC inhibited HCC progression while OA promoted tumor growth.In vitro results demonstrated that MC effectively inhibited the growth of SMMC-7721 cells by arresting the cell cycle at the G2/M phase with inhibiting Cdc25C and activating the phosphorylation of the Cdc2 protein.Flow cytometry results further showed that MC increased apoptosis.Furthermore,the expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2 was lower in the MC group but higher in the OA group.Molecular docking results showed that MC docked well with ERK1/2.Conclusions:MC inhibited HCC progression by suppressing the growth and activating the apoptosis of cancer cells and suppressing the expression of PP2A and ERK1/2.
文摘【目的】PP1γ2是一种特异表达于动物睾丸和精子的蛋白磷酸酶,为精子发生、运动性获得与调控所必需的关键酶,本文对PP1γ2与昆明小鼠精子成熟和运动性调控进行研究。【方法】通过Western-blot技术,分析昆明小鼠不同条件下附睾头和附睾尾精子中磷酸化和非磷酸化PP1γ2的蛋白质表达量,探讨磷酸酶抑制剂okadaic acid (OA)和cyliculin A (CA)对附睾头和附睾尾精子运动度的影响。【结果】附睾尾精子中磷酸化PP1γ2的蛋白水平远远高于附睾头精子的(P<0.05);db-cAMP、IBMX和Ca^(2+)不改变磷酸化PP1γ2的蛋白水平;OA和CA能显著提高附睾头和附睾尾磷酸化PP1γ2的表达水平,且能显著提高精子(尤其是附睾头的精子)运动度。【结论】PP1γ2通过磷酸化和去磷酸化作用,其酶活性发生变化,从而对昆明小鼠附睾精子成熟和运动性进行调控,即在附睾头精子中PP1γ2酶活性较高,精子运动度较低;在附睾尾精子中PP1γ2酶活性较低,精子运动度得到显著提高。
文摘蛋白磷酸酶2C(protein phosphatase 2C,PP2Cs)家族是植物细胞去除磷酸化蛋白中磷酸基团的重要蛋白磷酸酶。拟南芥含有80多个编码PP2Cs的基因,然而大部分成员在植物抗逆反应中的功能仍有待研究。本文发现拟南芥PP2C31(At2g40860)基因的表达受高盐抑制,其T-DNA插入突变体(pp2c31-1突变体和pp2c31-2突变体)表现出对高盐胁迫的耐受性且Na+含量较低。实时定量PCR(quantitative real time-PCR,qRT-PCR)分析发现,PP2C31基因在植物体各组织均有表达;亚细胞定位结果显示PP2C31蛋白定位于细胞质和细胞核中。利用脱落酸合成抑制剂和外源脱落酸处理发现,突变体植株的高盐耐受性和PP2C31基因的表达均不受脱落酸的影响。研究结果表明:PP2C31蛋白是拟南芥响应高盐胁迫的一个非脱落酸依赖的负调控组分。
文摘蛋白磷酸酶2A(PP2A)是由36 k Da的催化亚基C(PP2Ac)和65 k Da的结构亚基A(PP2Aα/β)一起组成PP2A的核心酶,并且和各种不同的调节亚基B形成具有不同功能的PP2A全酶复合体。在细胞中PP2A发挥着重要作用,特别是在抑制肿瘤的形成当中,编码PP2Aα/β基因的突变将导致肿瘤的形成和其他疾病。当非小细胞肺癌细胞H1299中过表达PP2A-Aα时,细胞生长被抑制,细胞周期停留在G0/G1期,致瘤能力也同时被抑制。进一步研究证明当PP2A-Aα过表达时,Akt被去磷酸化失活使Skp2的表达下调,从而导致细胞周期抑制因子p27kip1的表达上调。肿瘤细胞软琼脂克隆形成实验的结果表明过表达PP2A-Aα之后H1299细胞的锚定非依赖性生长能力明显的降低,形成的克隆细胞团也较小,这些结果和裸鼠成瘤实验的结果是一致的。
